Beste Bildungspolitik oder bester Kontext für Lernen? Über die Verantwortung von Bildungspolitik für pädagogische Wirkungen

Der Autor beschreibt zunächst die theoretischen Grundlagen, die es erlauben, das Bildungswesen als handlungsverantwortlichen Gestalter bzw. kollektiven Akteur zu verstehen. Am Beispiel der deutschsprachigen Bildungssysteme macht er deutlich, dass man die Besonderheiten des kollektiven Akteurs nur durch historische Rekonstruktion und durch den Vergleich verschiedener Bildungssysteme erkennen kann. Dann geht er auf die empirischen Grundlagen der Identifizierung nationaler Verantwortung für den Ertrag des Bildungswesens ein und betrachtet dabei "Konfigurationen von Merkmalen erfolgreicher Länder": Ostasiatische Konfigurationen, Skandinavische Konfigurationen, "Commonwealth Konfigurationen" und erfolgreiche kontinentale Konfigurationen. Abschließend wird auf Möglichkeiten der Neugestaltung von Bildungssystemen und auf Reformmaßnahmen eingegangen. (DIPF/Kie.

Qualität und Qualitätssicherung im Bildungswesen. Wohlfahrtsstaatliche Modelle und Marktmodelle

Der Autor entwickelt zunächst ein "Mehrebenenmodell der Bestimmung von Qualität und Qualitätsbeziehungen im Bildungswesen." Diese Ebenen sind: 1) die des Unterrichts, in dem Qualität sich aus der Schaffung einer "optimalen Lernsituation für jeden Schüler" ergibt. 2) Die Ebene der Schule, in der der Autor die zentralen Qualitätskriterien in "Verfahren und Kulturen der Schulgestaltung [sieht], die z. B. schismogene (sozial spaltende) Prozesse verhindern und die über die Verfahren des Interessenausgleichs und kommunikative Lebensformen möglichst viele Zonen von Kontakten und Gemeinsamkeiten schaffen, die produktive Problembewältigung erleichtern." 3) Die Ebene des Bildungssystems, das für längerfristige Rahmenbedingungen sorgen muss. "Vor diesem Hintergrund werden die Stärken und Schwächen wohlfahrtsstaatlicher und marktregulierter Ordnungs- und Steuerungsmodelle erörtert. Der Autor plädiert für einen \u27 wohlfahrtsstaatlichen Markt\u27 im Bildungsbereich, der sowohl Gleichheitsprinzipien folgt wie auch Kundenwünschen gegenüber responsiv ist." (DIPF/Bi.

Numeric modeling of a compact high temperature heat exchanger

The numeric investigations of a high temperature compact gas/gas heat exchanger are shown in this paper. The results of the numeric modelling and their analysis for two different simulation models with and without the regards of the development of the velocity field are presented in the article. The results have been obtained for two different geometries one of which is the two semi-channels model and second of which regards the heat transfer through the heat exchanger volume. The article presents the comparison of the model solutions with the evaluation of the received reliability results. The comparison between the simulations and experimental results are presented too. On the base of the second numeric model the two-dimensional simulation task with the regard of the inlet and outlet volume before and after the heat exchanger was developed. The influence of the change of the channel sizes on the hydraulic and thermal characteristics of the researched heat exchanger is shown. The solution of this two dimensional model confirms the inhomogeneous distribution of the hydraulic and thermal fields in the heat exchanger. The obtained results were analyzed with the conclusions and further investigations complete the represented results. “COMSOL-Multiphysics” was used for the numeric simulation

Numerical investigations of advanced volumetric reseiver materials

This paper presents the results of a numerical analysis of the mass transport and the heat flow through a volumetric solar receiver as a candidate component for a central receiver system for solar electricity generation. The receiver investigated was an extruded honeycomb structure made out of Silicon carbide. The objective of the study is to investigate the influence of slight geometric changes on to the overall performance of the receiver. The results are compared with those of an experimental study. Two numerical models have been developed. One makes use of the real geometry of the channel (single channel model), the other one considers the receiver to be “porous continuum”, which described with homogenized properties such as permeability and effective heat conductivity. The experimental parameters such as average solar heat flux and mass flow were taken into account in the models as boundary conditions. Various parameters such as the average air outlet temperatures, the temperature distributions and the solar-to-thermal efficiency were used for the comparison. The good correspondence between the experimental and numeric results of the both numeric investigations confirms the usefulness of the approach for further studies

Primäres zerebelläres T-Zell-Lymphom

Zusammenfassung: Primäre T-Zell-Lymphome des zentralen Nervensystems (ZNS) sind selten. Sie müssen differenzialdiagnostisch von reaktiven Läsionen unterschieden werden. Die Diagnosestellung sollte integrativ unter Verwendung von immunhistochemischen, molekulargenetischen und/oder zytogenetischen Methoden erfolgen. Wir beschreiben den Fall eines 50-jährigen Mannes, bei welchem ein primäres zerebelläres T-Zell-Lymphom diagnostiziert und eine klonale T-Zell-Rezeptorgen-Umlagerung nachgewiesen wurde. Nach 2Zyklen Chemotherapie entwickelte der Patient eine Pneumozystis-carinii-Pneumonie und verstarb 10Wochen nach Diagnosestellung. Die Autopsie ergab keinen Residualtumor im ZN

B-cell lymphomas with discordance between pathological features and clinical behavior

B-cell lymphomas encompass a large number of disease entities clinically ranging from indolent to aggressive. The defining pathological features usually predict clinical course, with small and large B-cell lymphomas correlating to low-grade vs high-grade features, but discordant situations may be encountered. Two sessions of the workshop of the XVIII meeting of the European Association for Haematopathology (EAHP) held in Basel in 2016 addressed this topic. One session illustrated various facets of "aggressiveness" in indolent lymphomas, either peculiar clinical manifestations, cytological variants, or unusual genetic features, as well as several examples of progression or transformation to a more aggressive disease. Another session exemplified large B-cell lymphomas with unexpected indolent behavior including cases arising in well-defined body compartments or in sanctuary sites. This paper describes the features of the cases presented in both groups, highlights the most salient points of discussion raised by the submitters and the panel, and summarizes current knowledge and recommendations relevant to diagnostic pathology practice

From Immigrant Musician to State Employee: Cherubini's Career in Paris in the 1790s

Essay highlights the political and professional uncertainties which a foreign-born composer had to confront in pursuit of a musical career in revolutionary France

Segregated tunneling-percolation model for transport nonuniversality

We propose a theory of the origin of transport nonuniversality in disordered insulating-conducting compounds based on the interplay between microstructure and tunneling processes between metallic grains dispersed in the insulating host. We show that if the metallic phase is arranged in quasi-one dimensional chains of conducting grains, then the distribution function of the chain conductivities g has a power-law divergence for g -> 0 leading to nonuniversal values of the transport critical exponent t. We evaluate the critical exponent t by Monte Carlo calculations on a cubic lattice and show that our model can describe universal as well nonuniversal behavior of transport depending on the value of few microstructural parameters. Such segregated tunneling-percolation model can describe the microstructure of a quite vast class of materials known as thick-film resistors which display universal or nonuniversal values of t depending on the composition.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures (Phys. Rev. B - 1 August 2003)(fig1 replaced

Abnormal Brain Iron Metabolism in Irp2 Deficient Mice Is Associated with Mild Neurological and Behavioral Impairments

Iron Regulatory Protein 2 (Irp2, Ireb2) is a central regulator of cellular iron homeostasis in vertebrates. Two global knockout mouse models have been generated to explore the role of Irp2 in regulating iron metabolism. While both mouse models show that loss of Irp2 results in microcytic anemia and altered body iron distribution, discrepant results have drawn into question the role of Irp2 in regulating brain iron metabolism. One model shows that aged Irp2 deficient mice develop adult-onset progressive neurodegeneration that is associated with axonal degeneration and loss of Purkinje cells in the central nervous system. These mice show iron deposition in white matter tracts and oligodendrocyte soma throughout the brain. A contrasting model of global Irp2 deficiency shows no overt or pathological signs of neurodegeneration or brain iron accumulation, and display only mild motor coordination and balance deficits when challenged by specific tests. Explanations for conflicting findings in the severity of the clinical phenotype, brain iron accumulation and neuronal degeneration remain unclear. Here, we describe an additional mouse model of global Irp2 deficiency. Our aged Irp2−/− mice show marked iron deposition in white matter and in oligodendrocytes while iron content is significantly reduced in neurons. Ferritin and transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1, Tfrc), expression are increased and decreased, respectively, in the brain from Irp2−/− mice. These mice show impairments in locomotion, exploration, motor coordination/balance and nociception when assessed by neurological and behavioral tests, but lack overt signs of neurodegenerative disease. Ultrastructural studies of specific brain regions show no evidence of neurodegeneration. Our data suggest that Irp2 deficiency dysregulates brain iron metabolism causing cellular dysfunction that ultimately leads to mild neurological, behavioral and nociceptive impairments

Microspheres of mixed proteins

This paper describes the synthesis of mixed proteinaceous microspheres (MPMs) by the sonochemical method. The current fundamental research follows the research of Suslick and co-workers who have developed a method by which high-intensity ultrasound is used to make aqueous suspensions of proteinaceous microcapsules filled with water-insoluble liquids.1 By using high-intensity ultrasound, we have synthesized microspheres made of a few different proteins. The three proteins used in the current experiments are bovine serum albumin (BSA), green fluorescent protein (GFP), and cyan fluorescent protein–glucose binding protein–yellow fluorescent fused protein (CFP-GBP-YFP). The two synthesized microspheres made of mixed proteins are BSA-GFP and BSA-(CFP-GBP-YFP). This paper presents the characterization of the sonochemically produced microspheres of mixed proteins. It also provides an estimate of the efficiency of the sonochemical process in converting the native proteins to microspheres