Health-Related Risk Factors for Women Who Have Sex with Women

Women, bisexual women, certain heterosexual women, and people of the same sex in a setting are all examples of women who have sex with women (WSW). Extensive research on the behavioral traits and health status of the WSW community has revealed that they have a worse overall health status, a greater risk of sexually transmitted disease infection, and a worse mental health status than heterosexuals. By doing a study of the WSW population’s current characteristics, sexually transmitted disease infection status, mental and mental health state, and health-related risk factors, this paper establishes a foundation for health education and behavioral interventions with this population

Semantic frame activation and contextual aptness of metaphorical expressions

The study aims to explore the possibility of semantic frame activation and interaction in metaphorical expressions, and the conditions of contextual aptness of metaphorical expressions. To ensure the appropriate level of ecological validity, experimental stimuli have been selected from a corpus of newspaper articles, and included in the norming procedures. The theoretical framework includes the investigations into context and semantic frames, semantic priming, discourse processing, conceptual metaphor theory, and psycholinguistic approaches to metaphor. The first four experiments were designed to test the activation and interaction of the organizing frames of source and target inputs in metaphorical expressions from the conceptual keys of CONFLICT and MOTION. This included an online priming paradigm with a categorization task, and the main dependent variable of interest was response time (RT). Stimuli were presented in (1) congruent metaphorical (metaphorical sentences), (2) congruent literal (literal sentences), and (3) incongruent conditions (unrelated sentences). Targets were individual words from the relevant frames. The results showed higher degrees of activation of the organizing frames of target inputs for both metaphor groups. There were no significant differences between the two congruent conditions, while RTs in the incongruent condition were significantly longer. The data seem to offer support for the interaction view of metaphor processing. The final two experiments tested the level of contextual aptness of target metaphorical expressions from the same two conceptual keys, in (1) congruent metaphorical (metaphor clusters), (2) congruent literal (literal paragraphs), and (3) incongruent priming conditions (unrelated paragraphs). Targets were metaphorical sentences from the two conceptual keys. The obtained results did not reveal any differences between the two congruent conditions, while the recorded RTs were significantly shorter in the incongruent condition. Overall, the study provides empirical insight into the phenomena of (metaphorical) framing, frame activation and interaction, and contextualization, and their import in online meaning construction

EMOTIONAL APPEAL OF CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS OF CONFLICT IN THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE OF DAILY NEWSPAPERS

The paper explores the ability of conceptual metaphors of CONFLICT to provoke an emotional response in the context of the political discourse of daily newspapers. Furthermore, it is argued that such emotional involvement can facilitate the construction of political reality. The emotional appeal of the most salient CONFLICT metaphors from the corpus that consists of newspaper articles extracted from the on-line editions of The New York Times is tested via appropriate questionnaires. The theoretical framework of the first part of the paper is based on Conceptual Blending Theory, which is expected to provide a detailed account of the conceptual basis that underlies metaphor usage, and the way the emotional appeal of metaphors influences the online process of meaning construction. The questionnaires used to determine the emotional response to metaphors are based on the Conceptual Act Theory of Emotion, and they were designed to test the reaction in terms of affect and more specific emotion concepts. Both questionnaires include selected metaphorical expressions from the corpus

Analisis Postur Kerja Menggunakan Metode REBA dan Kuesioner NBM Pada Operator Mesin Sizing SA-80 N1 di Industri Otomotif

This research was conducted at a company engaged in automotive manufacturing which produces motorbikes and related spare parts. Based on the results of observations on the production process, especially the sizing process, it is still done manually and has the potential for musculoskeletal disorders. This research is an observational study with a cross-sectional design that focuses on Ergonomics and OSH (Occupational Health and Safety) studies. Data obtained by using the Nordic Body Map (NBW) questionnaire as a tool to measure workers\u27 pain at or after work and using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method to analyze work posture. After completing the NBW questionnaire on 4 sizing machine operators, 1 operator with the highest total individual score of 46 was included in the low category and was then selected to calculate work posture using the REBA method. Based on the results of calculating work posture using the REBA method, the final REBA score is 8. This score indicates (action level) 4 with high-risk conditions and further investigation is needed to prevent Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) in operators Keywords: Ergonomics, MSDs, NBM, REBA, Work Posture

Analisis Beban Kerja dengan Metode Work Load Analysis pada Departemen Produksi di PT. X

Determination of the workload given by the company to employees must be considered. The workload analysis method is used to calculate the workload of a particular function within the company. This research was conducted at PT. X is engaged in special chemicals for various industries, ranging from paper, rubber, food, agriculture, oil mining, cosmetics and other industries. Therefore it is necessary to analyze the workload of employees in the production department because it is directly related to production activities carried out while working. The results of the identification of workload analysis based on the job description along with the hoursworked by employees and the determination of allowances (free time) show that production department employees have workloads, namely the production admin section with 1 employee by 79%, production foreman with 1 employee by 89%, and production operators with 1 employee by 82%, this shows that the workload provided is still in a safe condition. Keywords: Allowance, Ergonomics, Work Load Analysi

COST REDUCTION STRATEGY – PROCESS AND EFFECTS

The strategy of cost leadership, although always current, acquires special importance in the time of crisis. Cost reduction, savings program, savings measures, etc. are used as synonyms for this strategy; finally, all of these express the need to reduce costs for an enterprise. Enterprises make the cost reduction program which includes mandatory stages of reduction, reduction tools and the most appropriate strategies. The choice of tools depends on the chosen strategy, but the stages cannot be skipped or omitted within the strategies. Firstly, the present paper presents five stages through which the cost reduction program must pass, then a set of tools that can be used for reduction, and the differencies between cost reduction strategy and program of layoffs.Key words: cost reduction strategy, stages in cost reduction, tools for cost reduction, program of layoffs, corporative culture