Venture community: democratisation of entrepreneurship in developing economies

The motivation of this paper is to assist SMEs (mainly micro and informal enterprises) in developing economies to find the required resources to establish, or develop, their business. We introduce the concept of 'Venture Communities' to provide direct peer-to-peer connections between individuals and SMEs in all parts of the global market. We draw on the well-established concepts of networking, crowdfunding, living labs and value co-creation. The contribution we make lies in the introduction of a novel ecosystem, constructed by multiple actors, through dynamic and interconnected networks, accumulating resources for the benefit of all stakeholders of this community. Our model presents a challenge to the conventional conceptualizations of dyadic relationships between developed economies and emerging economies. Alternatively, we suggest anti-essentialist communities that are temporary constellation of social elements from all parts of the global market to create "hybridized and nomadic" (Laclau and Mouffe 1995) market arrangements

Electronic structure and magnetic properties of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg system CuSe2O5

A microscopic magnetic model for the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain compound CuSe2O5 is developed based on the results of a joint experimental and theoretical study. Magnetic susceptibility and specific heat data give evidence for quasi-1D magnetism with leading antiferromagnetic (AFM) couplings and an AFM ordering temperature of 17 K. For microscopic insight, full-potential DFT calculations within the local density approximation (LDA) were performed. Using the resulting band structure, a consistent set of transfer integrals for an effective one-band tight-binding model was obtained. Electronic correlations were treated on a mean-field level starting from LDA (LSDA+U method) and on a model level (Hubbard model). In excellent agreement of experiment and theory, we find that only two couplings in CuSe2O5 are relevant: the nearest-neighbour intra-chain interaction of 165 K and a non-frustrated inter-chain coupling of 20 K. From a comparison with structurally related systems (Sr2Cu(PO4)2, Bi2CuO4), general implications for a magnetic ordering in presence of inter-chain frustration are made.Comment: 20 pages, 8 figures, 3 table

Nano-polishing substrates for optics and microelectronics

В результаті дослідження полірування монокристалічних матеріалів показано, що полірування плоских поверхонь оптоелектронних елементів з монокристалів карбіду кремнію доцільно здійснювати з використанням полірувальної суспензії порошків на основі МАХ-фази Ti3AlC2 та колоїдних систем наночастинок, а монокристалів сапфіру – за допомогою суспензії з алмазних мікропорошків, порошків кубічного нітриду бору та MAX-фази Ti3AlC2. Нанополірування поверхонь елементів монокристалів сапфіру слід здійснювати при використанні колоїдної системи наночастинок або традиційних складів на основі колоїдного двооксиду кремнію. Показано також, що продуктивність полірування монокристалів карбіду кремнію та сапфіру обернено пропорційна енергії переносу, максимальне значення якої відповідає мінімальній шорсткості.As a result of research of polishing single crystal materials it was shown that the polishing flat surfaces of optoelectronic elements of single crystal silicon carbide is advantageously carried out by using a polishing slurry of the powders based on MAXphase Ti3AlC2 and colloidal nanoparticulate systems, and single crystal sapphire - using suspensions of diamond micron powders of the cubic boron nitride powders and MAX-phase Ti3AlC2. Nano-polishing surfaces of elements of single crystal sapphire should be performed using colloidal nanoparticulate systems or traditional formulations based on colloidal silica. It is also shown that the polishing efficiency of single crystal silicon carbide and sapphire is inversely proportional to the transfer energy, the maximum value of which correspond to a minimum roughness.В результате исследования полирования монокристаллических материалов показано, что полирование плоских поверхностей оптоэлектронных элементов из монокристаллов карбида кремния целесообразно осуществлять с использованием полировочной суспензии порошков на основе МАХ-фазы Ti3AlC2 и коллоидных систем наночастиц, а монокристаллов сапфира - с помощью суспензии из алмазных микропорошков, порошков кубического нитрида бора и MAXфазы Ti3AlC2. Нанополирование поверхностей элементов монокристаллов сапфира следует осуществлять при использовании коллоидной системы наночастиц или традиционных составов на основе коллоидного диоксида кремния. Показано также, что производительность полировки монокристаллов карбида кремния и сапфира обратно пропорциональна энергии переноса, максимальное значение которой соответствует минимальной шероховатости

Safety, tolerability, and impact on allergic inflammation of autologous E.coli autovaccine in the treatment of house dust mite asthma - a prospective open clinical trial

Background: Asthma is increasing worldwide and results from a complex immunological interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. Autovaccination with E. coli induces a strong TH-1 immune response, thus offering an option for the treatment of allergic diseases. Methods: Prospective open trial on safety, tolerability, and impact on allergic inflammation of an autologous E.coli autovaccine in intermittent or mild persistent house dust mite asthma. Determination of exhaled nitric monoxide (eNO) before and after bronchial mite challenge initially and after nine months of autovaccination. Results: Median eNO increase after autovaccination was significantly smaller (from 27.3 to 33.8 ppb; p=0.334) compared to initial values (from 32.6 to 42.2 ppb; p=0.046) (p=0.034). In nine subjects and a total of 306 injections, we observed 101 episodes of local erythema (33.3%; median of maximal diameter 2.5 cm), 95 episodes of local swelling (31.1%; median of maximal diameter 3 cm), and 27 episodes of local pain (8.8%). Four subjects reported itching at the injection site with a total of 30 episodes (9.8%). We observed no serious adverse events. All organ functions (inclusive electrocardiogramm) and laboratory testing of the blood (clinical chemistry, hematology) and the urine (screening test, B-microglobuline) were within normal limits. Vital signs undulated within the physiological variability. Conclusion: The administration of autologous autovacine for the treatment of house dust mite asthma resulted in a reduction of the eNO increase upon bronchial mite challenge. In nine subjects and 306 injections, only a few mild local reactions and no systemic severe adverse events were observed. EudraCT Nr. 2005-005534-12 ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT0067720

Методика регистрации угловых диаграмм отражения и рассеяния света прецизионных оптических поверхностей

Описано методику реєстрації кутових діаграм відбивання і розсіяння світла і показано, що за індикатрисами розсіяння при оптимальному напрямку спостереження можна оцінити шорсткість оптичних поверхонь за шириною піка, що спостерігається на фоні незмінного п’єдесталу.The technique of registration of angular diagram’s of reflexion and dispersion of light is described and is shown, that on in indicatrix dispersion at an optimum direction of supervision it is possible to estimate a roughness of optical surfaces on width of peak which is observed against an invariable pedestal.Описана методика регистрации угловых диаграмм отражения и рассеяния света и показано, что по индикатрисам рассеяния при оптимальном направлении наблюдения можно оценить шероховатость оптических поверхностей по ширине пика, который наблюдается на фоне неизменного пьедестала

Spin Resolution of the Electron-Gas Correlation Energy: Positive same-spin contribution

The negative correlation energy per particle of a uniform electron gas of density parameter $r_s$ and spin polarization $\zeta$ is well known, but its spin resolution into up-down, up-up, and down-down contributions is not. Widely-used estimates are incorrect, and hamper the development of reliable density functionals and pair distribution functions. For the spin resolution, we present interpolations between high- and low-density limits that agree with available Quantum Monte Carlo data. In the low-density limit for $\zeta = 0$, we find that the same-spin correlation energy is unexpectedly positive, and we explain why. We also estimate the up and down contributions to the kinetic energy of correlation.Comment: new version, to appear in PRB Rapid Communicatio

Environmental Improvement Of Opencast Mining

Existing classifications of waste dumps in the quarries are given and their phenomenological nature is clarified. The need to identify the essence of the term "dump" is shown as well as the idea of "dump" as an artificial formation with everted and mixed rocks distanced from the quarry. Essential classification of man-made rock formations in quarries is developed. Characteristic of variations of man-made waste formations in quarries is developed. To reduce harmful effects of open-pit mining, dumps should be substituted with strat-lays - man-made structures relevant to natural stratification of litho-substances. Construction of strat-lays would improve ecological and technological culture of open cast mining