Allogenous bone grafts improved by bone marrow stem cells and platelet growth factors: Clinical case reports

In order to increase the amount of available bone where dental implants must be placed, the present study has associated platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and mononuclear cells (MNCs) from bone marrow aspirate and bone scaffold (BS) in 32 patients aged between 45 and 75 years old. the MNC attainment and the adherence to the BS were confirmed through histology, cell culture, and scanning electron microscopy. the clinical results, analyzed by computed tomography, have showed that the scaffolds were well integrated and adapted to the cortical bone. We can conclude that the process of healing observed in the patients was due to the presence of mesenchymal stem cell in MNC fraction in the bone grafts.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morfol Genet, Escola Paulista Med, BR-04023900 São Paulo, BrazilClin CERA LTDA, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Hosp Clin, Fac Med, BR-05508 São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Ctr Estudos Genoma Humano, BR-05508 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morfol Genet, Escola Paulista Med, BR-04023900 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Vertical Bone Augmentation Using Bone Marrow–Derived Stem Cells

Purpose: To evaluate the bone regeneration capacity of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) in vertical guided augmentation of bone tissue

Repair of critical-size bone defects using bone marrow stromal cells: a histomorphometric study in rabbit calvaria. Part I: Use of fresh bone marrow or bone marrow mononuclear fraction

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare the bone healing observed after the use of (1) a scaffold enriched with fresh bone marrow, (2) a scaffold enriched with bone marrow mononuclear fraction, and (3) a scaffold alone.Material and methodsTwenty one rabbits were randomly divided into three groups of six animals and 1 group of 3 animals. Bilateral 12-mm diameter defects were created in the animals' parietal bones. in Control Group, the defects were filled with a xenograft alone (n=6); in Group 1, with a xenograft enriched with fresh bone marrow (n=6); in Group 2, with a xenograft enriched with bone marrow mononuclear fraction (n=6) and in Unfilled Group, nothing was grafted (n=3). in Groups 1, 2, and Control, one of the calvarial defects was randomly covered with a barrier membrane. the rabbits were sacrificed 8weeks after surgery, and their parietal bones were harvested and analyzed histomorphometrically.ResultsThe histomorphometric analysis showed no difference between Group 1 and the Control Group regarding non-vital mineralized tissue area, but Group 2 showed a statistically significant higher percentage than the Control Group (P<0.05) for both situations, with membrane (21.24 +/- 3.78% and 13.52 +/- 3.00%, respectively) and without membrane (20.91 +/- 2.01% and 13.08 +/- 1.72%, respectively). Group 2 showed the highest percentage of vital mineralized tissue area, followed by Group 1 and the Control Group (P<0.05) for both situations, with membrane (28.17 +/- 3.19%; 21.14 +/- 7.38% and 13.06 +/- 5.24%, respectively) and without membrane (21.13 +/- 0.55%; 12.45 +/- 6.34% and 6.56 +/- 1.20%, respectively). Group 2 showed the lowest percentage of non-mineralized tissue area, followed by Group 1 and Control Group (P<0.05) for both situations, with membrane (50.59 +/- 6.64%; 58.75 +/- 7.14% and 73.41 +/- 6.87%, respectively) and without membrane (57.97 +/- 1.91%; 71.74 +/- 6.63% and 80.37 +/- 2.67%, respectively). the sides in which the defects were covered with the barrier membrane showed better bone healing compared with the uncovered sides, in all groups (intragroup comparison, P<0.05). the Unfilled Group specimens showed no bone formation.ConclusionsBoth methods using bone marrow stromal cells contributed to enhancing bone healing, especially that using the bone marrow mononuclear fraction. the use of a barrier membrane seemed to have a synergistic effect.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Paulista Med Sch, Dept Plast Surg, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Paulista Med Sch, Dept Plast Surg, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Degradation of a poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) compound in different environments

Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) is a promising biodegradable bio-based material, which is designed for a vast range of applications, depending on its composite. This study aims to assess the degradability of a PHBV-based compound under different conditions. The research group followed different methodological approaches and assessed visual and mass changes, mechanical and morphological properties, spectroscopic and structural characterisation, along with thermal behaviour. The Ph-Stat (enzymatic degradation) test and total dry solids (TDS)/total volatile solids (TVS) measurements were carried out. Finally, the team experimentally evaluated the amount of methane and carbon dioxide produced, i.e., the degree of biodegradation under aerobic conditions. According to the results, different types of tests have shown differing effects of environmental conditions on material degradation. In conclusion, this paper provides a summary of the investigations regarding the degradation behaviour of the PHBV-based compound under varying environmental factors.The main strengths of the study lie in its multi-faceted approach, combining assessments of PHBV-based compound degradability under different conditions using various analytical tools, such as visual and mass changes, mechanical and morphological properties, spectroscopic and structural characterization, and thermal behavior. These methods collectively contribute to the robustness and reliability of the undertaken work