Parvovirus B 19 (PVB19) induced pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) in immunocompromised patient after liver transplantation [Izolirana aplazija crvene krvne loze uzrokovana infekcijom Parvovirusom B 19 nakon transplantacije jetre]

Presented here is a case of human parvovirus B19 (PVB19) induced pure red-cell aplasia (PRCA) in immunocompromised patient after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). PVB19 is a small, single-stranded DNA whose target cell is the erythroid progenitor in bone marrow. Manifestations of PVB19 infection vary with the immunologic status of the patient, ranging from asymptomatic to severe infections and PRCA. Post-transplant PRCA is induced either by immunosuppressive agents or PVB19. In the presented case, bone marrow aspiration characterized by the absence of mature erythroid precursors and detection of PVB19 DNA in blood led to treatment with high-dose intravenous human immunoglobulins (IVIG) and subsequent recovery of erythropoiesis. Due to insufficient antibody response in immunocompromised patients, suppression of the PVB19 infection is delayed and repetitive treatments may be administrated in attempt of reversing PRCA

Epitheloid Hemangioendothelioma in Patient with Liver Transplantation

Malignant hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (HEH) is a rare malignant tumor of vascular origin with unknown aetiology and a variable natural course. At the time of diagnosis, most patients present with multifocal tumours lesions that involve both liver lobes. From the therapeutic aspect, liver resection (LRx), liver transplantation (LTx), chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or immunotherapy have been used in the treatment of patients with HEH. However, because of the rarity of this tumor and its unpredictable natural history, it is impossible to assess the effectiveness of these respective therapies. In this report, our objective was to present clinical aspects, diagnostic options, therapeutic modalities, and the clinical outcome of single patient with LTx because of this rare tumor

Towards a Comprehensive EU Health Policy? The Europeanisation of the Fight Against Covid-19 and Reflections on the First Year of the Pandemic

In winter 2020 it was roughly one year since the first cases of Covid-19 disease were reported in China and soon the virus spread all over the world. The main aim of this article is to analyse the response of the EU which was hit by the virus in early 2020 and quickly responded to the pandemic. This response may be best analysed in the context of the Europeanisation concept which offers a suitable analytical framework allowing a systematic analysis of the impact on EU policy, politics and polity. The application of the concept will explore EU activities and contribute to both: a better understanding of the response of the EU and verification of the usability of the concept. How might the response of the EU be interpreted in the context of Europeanisation? And what were the key differences in the Europeanisation between the first and second wave?In winter 2020 it was roughly one year since the first cases of Covid-19 disease were reported in China and soon the virus spread all over the world. The main aim of this article is to analyse the response of the EU which was hit by the virus in early 2020 and quickly responded to the pandemic. This response may be best analysed in the context of the Europeanisation concept which offers a suitable analytical framework allowing a systematic analysis of the impact on EU policy, politics and polity. The application of the concept will explore EU activities and contribute to both: a better understanding of the response of the EU and verification of the usability of the concept. How might the response of the EU be interpreted in the context of Europeanisation? And what were the key differences in the Europeanisation between the first and second wave

Parvovirus B 19 (PVB19) Induced Pure Red Cell Aplasia (PRCA) in Immunocompromised Patient after Liver Transplantation

Presented here is a case of human parvovirus B19 (PVB19) induced pure red-cell aplasia (PRCA) in immunocompromised patient after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). PVB19 is a small, single-stranded DNA whose target cell is the erythroid progenitor in bone marrow. Manifestations of PVB19 infection vary with the immunologic status of the patient, ranging from asymptomatic to severe infections and PRCA. Post-transplant PRCA is induced either by immunosuppressive agents or PVB19. In the presented case, bone marrow aspiration characterized by the absence of mature erythroid precursors and detection of PVB19 DNA in blood led to treatment with high-dose intravenous human immunoglobulins (IVIG) and subsequent recovery of erythropoiesis. Due to insufficient antibody response in immunocompromised patients, suppression of the PVB19 infection is delayed and repetitive treatments may be administrated in attempt of reversing PRCA

The Evolution of EU Counter-Piracy Policy

This article presents two decades in the development of EU Counter-piracy policy. The development and its dynamics is explored through multiple streams approach as introduced by John W. Kingdon (1995) and adapted for application on the EU counter-terrorism policy by the Raphael Bossong (2013). For the purposes of analysis the article deals with the securitization of the piracy within the EU context (first stream), continues with policy development at the EU level (second stream) and adds complexity to the issue by analyzing the stream of politics (third stream). The main aim of this article is to present different dynamics in the development of EU counter-piracy policy which developed from fragmented preventive approach to very complex pro-active approach with the turning point in 2008. The article claims, that full securitization of piracy penetrated national politics within key EU member states and enabled policy changes on the EU level.This article presents two decades in the development of EU Counter-piracy policy. The development and its dynamics is explored through multiple streams approach as introduced by John W. Kingdon (1995) and adapted for application on the EU counter-terrorism policy by the Raphael Bossong (2013). For the purposes of analysis the article deals with the securitization of the piracy within the EU context (first stream), continues with policy development at the EU level (second stream) and adds complexity to the issue by analyzing the stream of politics (third stream). The main aim of this article is to present different dynamics in the development of EU counter-piracy policy which developed from fragmented preventive approach to very complex pro-active approach with the turning point in 2008. The article claims, that full securitization of piracy penetrated national politics within key EU member states and enabled policy changes on the EU level

Lymph node removal enhances corneal graft survival in mice at high risk of rejection

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Liver Transplantation in Patients with Hepatitis C

As a leading indication for liver transplantation in Western countries, hepatitis C virus (HCV) poses a significant burden both before and after transplantation. Post-transplant disease recurrence occurs in nearly all patients with detectable pre-transplant viremia, therefore compromising the lifesaving significance of transplantation. Many factors involving the donor, recipient and virus have been evaluated throughout the literature, although few have been fully elucidated and implemented in actual clinical practice. Antiviral therapy has been recognized as a cornerstone of HCV infection control; however, experience and success are limited following transplantation in a challenging cohort of patients with liver cirrhosis. Current therapeutic protocols surpass those that were used previously, both in regards to sustained viral response (SVR) and the side-effect profile

Antique and Late Antique fibulae, decorative items and certainaccompanying finds from Verušed

The aim of this work is to primarily present fibulae and decorative items, and secondly co-occuring ceramic material, from the Roman settlement strata in Verušed near Osijek. Verušed is a complex archaeological site found in a rescue excavation during construction of Osijek – Beli Manastir highway route. Finds are typologically and chronologically analysed, catalogued by their stratigraphic unit and presented in pictures and/ or plates. Among decorative items, bracelets are divided into a special group due to the amount, whereas ceramic finds are separated into terra sigillata and kitchenware, tableware and storage ware. In attempt to make clearer chronological frame of the settlement, coin finds are also examined and presented. Fibulae, certain decorative items, terra sigillata and coins are used as indicators for chronological attestment of other, chronologically less sensitive, archaeological material that has been found in the same archaeological context

Perception of Migration from Non-Eu Countries in Slovakia: the Case of Nitra Region

The results of Eurobarometer surveys in last two years shows that Slovaks have very negative perception of immigration from the non-EU countries. As suggested by Eurobarometer the attitude is influenced by factors such as education level, wealth, occupation, age and other socio-economic factors. The main aim of this contribution is to analyze Slovak attitude towards migration in relation to other EU countries and to search for possible causes of the negative attitude toward Slovak citizens with special focus on Nitra Region. To what degree people attitudes from Nitra Region differ from that of the Slovakia and the EU? The contribution will present research results dedicated to false assumptions and misunderstandings of citizens about migration which will be put in relation to migration in its deeper context. In this sense presented study will reveal discrepancy between Eurobarometer survey data and data collected on a local level in Nitra region. The main claim of the contribution is in line with existing literature and leads to the conclusion that negative attitude of citizens is mostly caused by lower level of education and lack of general knowledge about migrants.The results of Eurobarometer surveys in last two years shows that Slovaks have very negative perception of immigration from the non-EU countries. As suggested by Eurobarometer the attitude is influenced by factors such as education level, wealth, occupation, age and other socio-economic factors. The main aim of this contribution is to analyze Slovak attitude towards migration in relation to other EU countries and to search for possible causes of the negative attitude toward Slovak citizens with special focus on Nitra Region. To what degree people attitudes from Nitra Region differ from that of the Slovakia and the EU? The contribution will present research results dedicated to false assumptions and misunderstandings of citizens about migration which will be put in relation to migration in its deeper context. In this sense presented study will reveal discrepancy between Eurobarometer survey data and data collected on a local level in Nitra region. The main claim of the contribution is in line with existing literature and leads to the conclusion that negative attitude of citizens is mostly caused by lower level of education and lack of general knowledge about migrants

Follicural adanoma of the thyroid

Štitna žlijezda dio je endokrinog sustava, koja je smještena je na anteriornoj strani vrata. Malen je organ koji utječe na rad svih organa u organizmu. Sklona je patološkim procesima kao što su hipertireoza, hipotireoza, gušavost, čvorovima te tumorima. Čvorovi štitnjače danas se sve više otkrivaju na sistematskim pregledima, i to posebice kod žena u mlađoj životnoj dobi. Adenome karakteriziraju potpuna vezivna čahura, jasna razlika u građi unutar čahure i izvan nje. Obično su u obliku čvora koji se slučajno otkriju i to najčešće na sistematskom pregledu. Folikularni adenom dobroćudna je novotvorina koja raste sporo i dugo i ne uzrokuje nikakve simptome, a čvor manji od 1 cm se ne može ni palpirati. Adenomi se nalaze u oko 3-7% odraslih osoba. Dijagnoza započinje anamnezom, kliničkim pregledom, ultrazvukom, punkcijom pod kontrolom ultrazvuka, scintigrafijom, sonografijom te biopsijom. Od operativnih tehnika najčešće se koristi istmektomija, lobektomija s djelomičnom ili subtotalnom resekcijom drugog režnja, tireoidektomija, te u novije vrijeme endoskopska tireoidektomija. Danas su komplikacije nakon operacije smanjenje na minimum zbog napredne tehnologije, ali i vještine operatera. Fizioterapija je važan dio liječenja jer omogućuje održavanje, razvijanje, te obnovu funkcionalnih sposobnosti koje omogućuju pacijentu kvalitetniji oporavak te povratak u svakodnevni život. Intervencija započinje već u jedinicama intenzivnog liječenja s ciljem sprječavanja upala pluća i tromboembolijskih komplikacija, a kasnije se provode vježbe koje se doziraju individualno prema mogućnostima pacijenta i prema rezultatima procjene.The thyroid gland is part of the endocrine system, which is located on the anterior side of the neck. It is a small organ that affects the work of all organs in the body. It is prone to pathological processes such as hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, goiter, nodules, and tumors. Thyroid nodules are increasingly being found among women of young age. Adenomas are characterized by a complete connective cocoon, a clear difference in the material inside and outside the cocoon. They are usually in the form of nodes that are accidentally detected, and most often at a systematic check-up. Follicular adenoma is a benign neoplasm that grows slowly and does not cause any symptoms, and a knot less than 1 cm cannot even be palpated. Adenomas are found in about 3-7% of adults. Diagnosis begins with history, clinical examination, ultrasound, ultrasound-controlled puncture, scintigraphy, sonography, and biopsy. Of the operational techniques, istmectomy, a lobectomy with partial or subtotal resection of the second lobe, thyroidectomy, and more recently endoscopic thyroidectomy are most commonly used. Today, complications after surgery are reduced to a minimum due to advanced technology, but also operator skills. Physiotherapy is an important part of treatment, as it enables the maintenance, development, and renewal of functional abilities that enable the patient to recover better and return to everyday life. The intervention begins already in intensive care unit with the aim of preventing pneumonia and thromboembolic complications, and later exercises are performed that are dosed individually according to the patient's abilities and according to the results of the assessmen