Improvement of optical systems for detection of smokes

The theory of electromagnetic radiation dispersion by polydisperse particles is analyzed. Methods of reliable optical indication of smokes to identify Fire Danger are considered. The conventional method of optical smoke detection implies measuring optical characteristics of the environment under control. After that the results obtained are converted into microphysical parameters which can be compared to the known microphysical properties of smokes. The calculated optical portrait of smokes is offered. The portrait of smokes is the field of representation points in coordinates of the degree of diffusion radiation polarization for two diffusion angles. Each of the spots indicates one of the numerous realizations of smokes. The direct match of the representation spots in the optical increases the probability of smoke A different way to protect optical system is to use the device with mutually orthogonal polarizers of the light source and detector. If hindrance is nonspherical aerosol, the signal from the device is used to correct the signals from smoke detectors

Speckle pattern processing by digital image correlation

Testing the method of speckle pattern processing based on the digital image correlation is carried out in the current work. Three the most widely used formulas of the correlation coefficient are tested. To determine the accuracy of the speckle pattern processing, test speckle patterns with known displacement are used. The optimal size of a speckle pattern template used for determination of correlation and corresponding the speckle pattern displacement is also considered in the work

Monitoring Of Air Quality Parameters For Construction Of Fire Risk Detection Systems

The analysis of fire developmental process is given, which showed that there are seven stages of fire development, a set of phenomena (factors, signs) of fire risk condition, characterized by a set of defined parameters, corresponds to each stage. Observed that the registration of high staging factors (high ambient temperature, content of CO[2], etc.) means the registration of actual low staging fire (thermal destruction of materials gases, fumes, etc.) - fire risk situation. It is shown that the decrease of registered factor staging leads to construction of fire preventive and diagnostic systems as the lower is registered stage, the more uncertain is connection between the fact of its detection and a fire. It is indicated that with development of electronic equipment the staging of fire situations factors used for detection is reducing in whole, and also it is noted that for each control object it is necessary to choose (identify) the optimal factor, in particular, in many ways the optimal factor for aircrafts are smokes and their TV image

Determination of Necessary and Sufficient Operational Conditions of The Sleeve-Type Bearings in Autonomous Power Plants of Ormat Type Under Conditions of Siberia and the Far East

The analysis of integral reliability characteristics for autonomous energy sources in gas pipelines of Russia is carried out. The reasons of the most frequent failures are determined. Recommendations for increase of integral reliability characteristics for autonomous energy sources are formulated

An increase of NAD+ kinase activity in Neurospora cells during adaptation to environmental stress

An increase of NAD+ kinase activity in Neurospora cells during adaptation to environmental stres

review

This article introduces and discusses the relationship between diabetes mellitus and depressio

ИМПУЛЬСНЫЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ДВУХЗВЕННЫМ МАНИПУЛЯЦИОННЫМ РОБОТОМ

A nonlinear problem of controlling the movements of a two-link manipulation robot is considered. The free mechanical system has two first integrals in involution. Methods of classical mechanics are used for analytical integration of the system of nonlinear differential equations. A trajectory connecting the initial and final positions of the two-link manipulation robot in the configuration space is found. Impulse controls at the initial moment of time impart the necessary energy to the robot to enter this trajectory. Impulse controls are also used to damp the speeds of the robot at the end position. In a computer simulation of the proposed procedure for moving the robot, generalized impulse controls are approximated by rectangular impulses. © 2021 Udmurt State University. All right reserved

Flexible Approximation Functions for Broadband Matching

Introduction. Intensive use of broadband signals in RF devices for various purposes is associated with the need to develop broadband elements of RF systems. Iterative methods for designing such elements are frequently uninformative and ineffective, while analytical methods give solutions only for simple models. The problem is the small set of classical approximations, which impedes dealing with complex models of elements.Aim. Development of a wide-band matching technique based on generalized Darlington synthesis using flexible approximating functions (AF) for load models with zeros of transmission at infinity.Materials and methods. The paper is based on the generalized Darlington synthesis method. To extend the capabilities of the method, approximating functions with increased variation properties are used. In order to use the results in engineering practice, a synthesis algorithm was developed, which includes three stages: formation of the frequency response, control of analyticity of the used functions and limits of matching. The method is analytical and does not use iterative procedures. The mathematical apparatus of the method is based on the analysis of residues in the zeros of transfer function of load resistance.Results. Flexible approximating functions proved to be an effective tool for designing matching circuits with multiple transfer zeros in infinity. Variative properties of the function facilitate the realization of both smooth and wave frequency characteristics. A combination of both is also possible, ensuring the best properties of both. The proposed approximating functions allow a smooth change in the frequency response, while preserving the normalization characteristic of classical approximations. Application of such functions allowed us to virtually remove the limitations inherent in the classical AF on the minimum values of the load capacitance and more than 30 % of the limiting values of inductance in the above examples.Conclusion. The developed methodology makes the process of wideband matching physically transparent and can be applied to other classes of loads