Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Representações sobre segurança alimentar e nutricional nos discursos de um Conselho de Alimentação Escolar

Este trabalho objetiva conhecer as representações sobre segurança alimentar e nutricional dos membros do Conselho de Alimentação Escolar de um município do oeste catarinense. O conceito de segurança alimentar e nutricional consiste na realização do direito de todos ao acesso regular e permanente a alimentos de qualidade, em quantidade suficiente, sem comprometer o acesso a outras necessidades essenciais, tendo como base práticas alimentares promotoras da saúde, que respeitem a diversidade cultural e que sejam ambiental, cultural, econômica e socialmente sustentáveis. O Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar é uma das mais importantes estratégias adotadas pelo Governo Federal com vistas à melhoria das condições de segurança alimentar e nutricional da população escolar. Os Conselhos de Alimentação Escolar são estruturas flexíveis de gestão dessa política pública, pela via do controle social. Este se trata de um estudo transversal qualitativo, que adota o referencial teórico-metodológico da análise de conteúdo e da teoria das representações sociais. São entrevistados todos os membros do conselho municipal de alimentação escolar (n=14). As falas são agrupadas em categorias, sendo as mais citadas: higiene (n=12), qualidade nutricional (n=8), aceitabilidade (n=4) e acesso regular (n=3). As categorias sustentabilidade e direito à alimentação não são citadas. A configuração do conselho sugere pouca representatividade. Os resultados indicam a necessidade de qualificação dos conselhos no sentido da construção de uma participação social comprometida e de uma compreensão ampliada sobre segurança alimentar e nutricional, de forma a contribuir para o exercício de um controle social efetivo e sintonizado com a política de alimentação escolar.This study aimed to investigate the representations on food security of the members of a School Feeding Board in a city located in the western region of the State of Santa Catarina. The concept of Food Security consists in the fulfillment of the right of all to regular and permanent access to high-quality food, in sufficient quantity, without compromising the access to other essential needs, based on health promoting food practices that respect cultural diversity and which are environmentally, culturally, economically and socially sustainable. The National School Feeding Program is one of the most important strategies adopted by the Federal Government to improve food security conditions of students. The School Feeding Boards are flexible structures for the management of this public policy by means of social control. This is a cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach which adopted the theoretical and methodological framework of content analysis and of social representations theory. All the members of the School Feeding Board (n=14) were interviewed. The answers were grouped into categories, and the most cited ones were: hygiene (n=12), nutritional quality (n=8), acceptability (n=4) and regular access (n=3). The categories sustainability and right to food were not mentioned by the interviewees. The board's configuration suggested little representation. The results indicate the need for qualification of the boards in order to construct a committed social participation and an expanded understanding about food security, so as to contribute to the exercise of effective social control, in tune with the school feeding policy

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost