Management Science

This paper reflects on the development of management sciences. The author presents which a contemporary researcher encounters during his attempt to explain organizational reality and also some main approaches to theoretical and empirical research in sciences. The reflections are effects of several year of studies on the system of organizational terms

Propozycja metody ustalania definicji w układzie wielkości organizacyjnych

This paper is the third part on the field of the system of organizational terms. There is a proposal of a method which could be used to make definitions in a system of organizational terms. Goals of such a system are to do wide research on correlations between the terms and to build managerial tools based on them

A draft of a business model based on CSR

CSR is a new trend in doing business. Therefore the main goal of this article was to prove that social entrepreneurship and activities in Corporate Social Responsibility provide a new way for creating innovative strategies inside and outside organization (close and open innovations). This is a new innovative CSR-driven business model going beyond traditional management and economic thinking

PR Focus on Patrons with Disabilities: The ISU Approach

Indiana State University’s (ISU) Library staff are constantly trying to find ways to provide better service to all patrons. Informally, the staff noticed that there seemed to be more students with disabilities on campus, but they didn’t see a substantial number using the Library. Discussion and speculation did not answer questions raised about the number of students on campus with disabilities, the services that they needed, or what outreach the Library could provide to this group of users. The staff realized that they needed to investigate these observations and determine if they were accurate. The Public Relations (PR) Team, under the leadership of the Public Relations Coordinator, together with the Library ADA Compliance Coordinator, provided the spark needed to investigate and address the needs of students with disabilities

The shape of eParticipation: Characterizing an emerging research area

The phenomenon of eParticipation is receiving increasing attention, demonstrated by recent technology implementations, experiments, government reports, and research programs. Understanding such an emerging field is a complex endeavor because there is no generally agreed upon definition of the field, no clear overview of the research disciplines or methods it draws upon, and because the boundaries of the field are undecided. Using conventional literature review techniques, we identify 131 scientific articles considered important for the field's theoretical development. This sample provides the starting point for a grounded analysis leading to the development of an overview model: the field of eParticipation seen from a researcher's perspective. The model provides structure for understanding the emerging shape of the field as well as an initial indication of its content. It also provides the basis for developing research agendas for the future

Differential gaze behavior towards sexually preferred and non-preferred human figures

The gaze pattern associated with image exploration is a sensitive index of our attention, motivation and preference. To examine whether an individual’s gaze behavior can reflect his/her sexual interest, we compared gaze patterns of young heterosexual men and women (M = 19.94 years, SD = 1.05) while viewing photos of plain-clothed male and female figures aged from birth to sixty years old. Our analysis revealed a clear gender difference in viewing sexually preferred figure images. Men displayed a distinctive gaze pattern only when viewing twenty-year-old female images, with more fixations and longer viewing time dedicated to the upper body and waist-hip region. Women also directed more attention at the upper body on female images in comparison to male images, but this difference was not age-specific. Analysis of local image salience revealed that observers’ eye-scanning strategies could not be accounted for by low-level processes, such as analyzing local image contrast and structure, but were associated with attractiveness judgments. The results suggest that the difference in cognitive processing of sexually preferred and non-preferred figures can be manifested in gaze patterns associated with figure viewing. Thus, eye-tracking holds promise as a potential sensitive measure for sexual preference, particularly in men

Effect of Nb doping on structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of flame-made TiO2 nanopowder

TiO2:Nb nanopowders within a dopant concentration in the range of 0.1-15at.% were prepared by one-step flame spray synthesis. Effect of niobium doping on structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of titanium dioxide nanopowders was studied. Morphology and structure were investigated by means of Brunauer-Emmett-Teller isotherm, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Diffuse reflectance and the resulting band gap energy were determined by diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. Photocatalytic activity of the investigated nanopowders was revised for the photodecomposition of methylene blue (MB), methyl orange (MO) and 4-chlorophenol under UVA and VIS light irradiation. Commercial TiO2-P25 nanopowder was used as a reference. The specific surface area of the powders was ranging from 42.9m2/g for TiO2:0.1at.% Nb to 90.0m2/g for TiO2:15at.% Nb. TiO2:Nb particles were nanosized, spherically shaped and polycrystalline. Anatase was the predominant phase in all samples. The anatase-related transition was at 3.31eV and rutile-related one at 3.14eV. TiO2:Nb nanopowders exhibited additional absorption in the visible range. In comparison to TiO2-P25, improved photocatalytic activity of TiO2:Nb was observed for the degradation of MB and MO under both UVA and VIS irradiation, where low doping level (Nb < 1at.%) was the most effective. Niobium doping affected structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of TiO2. Low dopant level enhanced photocatalytic performance under UVA and VIS irradiation. Therefore, TiO2:Nb (Nb < 1at.%) can be proposed as an efficient selective solar light photocatalys