How to recognise a kick : A cognitive task analysis of drillers’ situation awareness during well operations

Acknowledgements This article is based on a doctoral research project of the first author which was sponsored by an international drilling rig operator. The views presented are those of the authors and should not be taken to represent the position or policy of the sponsor. The authors wish to thank the industrial supervisor and the drilling experts for their contribution and patience, as well as Aberdeen Drilling School for allowing the first author to attend one of their well control courses.Peer reviewedPostprin

Comments on environmental effects in the origin of angular momenta in galaxies

We examine the orientations of galaxies in 43 rich Abell galaxy clusters belonging to superclusters and containing at least 100 members in the considered area as a function of supercluster multiplicity. It is found that the orientation of galaxies in the analyzed clusters is not random and the alignment decreases with supercluster richness, although the effect is statistically significant only for azimuthal angles. The dependence of galaxy alignment on cluster location inside or outside a supercluster and on supercluster multiplicity clearly shows the importance of environmental effects on the origin of galaxy angular momenta. The comparison with alignment of galaxies in a sample of rich Abell clusters not belonging to superclusters is made too.Comment: accepted in Odessa Astronomical Publications 2012 vol.25 p.2

Eye movements in surgery: A literature review

With recent advances in eye tracking technology, it is now possible to track surgeons’ eye movements while engaged in a surgical task or when surgical residents practice their surgical skills. Several studies have compared eye movements of surgical experts and novices, developed techniques to assess surgical skill on the basis of eye movements, and examined the role of eye movements in surgical training. We here provide an overview of these studies with a focus on the methodological aspects. We conclude that the different studies of eye movements in surgery suggest that the recording of eye movements may be beneficial both for skill assessment and training purposes, although more research will be needed in this field

Morphology and Evolution of Simulated and Optical Clusters: A Comparative Analysis

We have made a comparative study of morphological evolution in simulated DM halos and X-ray brightness distribution, and in optical clusters. Samples of simulated clusters include star formation with supernovae feedback, radiative cooling, and simulation in the adiabatic limit at three different redshifts, z = 0.0, 0.10, and 0.25. The optical sample contains 208 ACO clusters within redshift, $z \leq 0.25$. Cluster morphology, within 0.5 and 1.0 h$^{-1}$ Mpc from cluster center, is quantified by multiplicity and ellipticity. We find that the distribution of the dark matter halos in the adiabatic simulation appear to be more elongated than the galaxy clusters. Radiative cooling brings halo shapes in excellent agreement with observed clusters, however, cooling along with feedback mechanism make the halos more flattened. Our results indicate relatively stronger structural evolution and more clumpy distributions in observed clusters than in the structure of simulated clusters, and slower increase in simulated cluster shapes compared to those in the observed one. Within $z \leq 0.1$, we notice an interesting agreement in the shapes of clusters obtained from the cooling simulations and observation. We also notice that the different samples of observed clusters differ significantly in morphological evolution with redshift. We highlight a few possibilities responsible for the discrepancy in morphological evolution of simulated and observed clusters.Comment: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 2006; 15 pages, 13 postscript figure

Evaluation of the Scrub Practitioners' List of Intraoperative Non-Technical Skills (SPLINTS) system

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