The dawn of the copy in the Bronze Age

Contemporary everyday life is dominated by industrially reproduced serial objects that we perceive as easily replaceable in case of dam- age or loss. We are used to seriality, i.e. the existence of what we perceive as identical copies of a certain kind of object. Seen from a long-term perspective, humans have not been able to create visually identical copies in large numbers for the most part of their existence. Seriality only became possible to a larger extent with the invention of the bronze casting technique in the Near East in the early third millennium BCE, from where the technique was introduced to Central Europe in the late third millennium BCE. In my contribution to this volume, I want to elucidate the changes in the perception of the material world that were connected with the new technical possibility of casting large numbers of visually identical objects with casting moulds. I will demonstrate how the ability to produce almost identical copies resulted in the creation of new practices with objects and new ideas about the meaning and potential of objects in the world: the possibility to possess several identical weapons became the hallmark of the Early Bronze Age hero and groups of seemingly identical objects in the form of hoards were considered the most appropriate offering to the gods

Claiming Democracy: The Paris 1968 May Revolts in the Mass Media and Their European Dimensions

The paper explores the existence of a European public sphere drawing upon the example of the Paris 1968 May revolts. Its addresses questions as: How European was 1968 when it happened? And what does European refer to? Is it European already when it happens in more than one European country or city? Can one ignore the influence of the USA and still call it European? Are the European experiences so distinct from the American ones that one can carve out a clear-cut European version of 1968? Why do we ask the question of whether or not 1968 was European when it clearly was one of the crucial events in recent history?El artículo explora la existencia de una esfera pública europea centrándose en el ejemplo de las revueltas de Mayo del 1968 en París. En él se pregunta acerca de cuán europeo era 1968 cuando tuvo lugar, qué significa "europeo" referido a ello. También se examinan cuestiones ¿Es algo europeo cuando sucede en más en un país o ciudad europeo? ¿Puede uno ignorar la influencia de los EEUU y seguir llamándolo europeo? ¿Son las experiencias europeas tan distintas de las americanas que uno pueda trazar una versión exclusivamente europea de 1968? ¿Por qué la pregunta de si 1968 fue o no un fenómeno europeo es crucial para nuestra reciente historia

Oksymetriscreening av nyfødte - Tidligere diagnostikk av medfødt hjertesykdom

Bakgrunn/emne: Pulsoksymetri av barn i løpet av første levedøgn kan hjelpe til å avdekke ikke diagnostiserte medfødte hjertesykdommer. Pulsoksymetri er ikke en rutineundersøkelse ved fødeavdelingen ved Ullevål Universitetssykehus. I dette kvalitetsforbedringsprosjektet ville vi innføre pulsoksymetriscreening av nyfødte, med ønske om å fremskynde diagnostikken av medfødte hjertefeil ved Ullevål sykehus. Kunnskapsgrunnlaget: Det ble i hovedsak studert artikler i form av prospektive studier og systematiske oversikter. Søkemotorene Pubmed/Medline, Cochrane og Embase ble brukt. Ut fra inklusjonskriteriene ble 5 studier og 2 systematiske oversikter inkludert. Det ble også forsøkt å søke etter en nasjonal evidensbasert retningslinje for pulsoksymetri screening av nyfødte uten treff, det bekrefter at det inntil videre ikke eksisterer noen nasjonale retningslinjer når det gjelder pulsoksymetriscreening av nyfødte. Tiltak og metode: Vi valgte å beskrive et kvalitetsforbedringsprosjekt som innebar en endring av bestående retningslinjer, der vi innførte et nytt element; oksymetriscreening i retningslinjene for klinisk undersøkelse av nyfødte. For å sikre at den nye prosedyren følges skal resultatet av målingen føres inn i elektronisk pasientjournal (prosessindikator). Resultatindikatoren vår er ”andelen barn med medfødt hjertesykdom diagnostisert før utskrivelse fra barselavdelingen”. Organisering: Vi organiserte prosjektet etter Demnings kvalitetshjul, PDSA- hjulet (Plan, Do, Study og Act), en syklisk kvalitetsendringsmodell som baserer seg på samarbeid med ledelse og faggrupper, og evaluering og eventuell korrigering av prosjektet. Basert på en algoritme presentert i en artikkel av Meberg et al. laget vi et flytskjema som viste hvordan man skal gå videre med resultatene fra oksymetriscreeningen. Resultat og vurdering: Kunnskapsgrunnlaget støtter bruk av oxymetriscreening av nyfødte. Dette vil føre til tidligere diagnostisering av barn med hjertefeil og gi mulighet for tidligere intervensjon. Dette vil gi en stor gevinst for de som er rammet av medfødt hjertefeil. Prosedyren er ikke invasiv og krever lite økonomiske ressurser og ingen ekstra personell. Det er sannsynelig at den nye retningslinjen vil bli innført ved barselavdelingen ved Ullevål Universitetssykehus

The effect of antenatal education in small classes on obstetric and psycho-social outcomes:a systematic review

BACKGROUND: The aims of antenatal education are broad and encompass outcomes related to pregnancy, birth, and parenthood. Both form and content of antenatal education have changed over time without evidence of effects on relevant outcomes. The effect of antenatal education in groups, with participation of a small number of participants, may differ from the effect of other forms of antenatal education due to, for example, group dynamic. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the effects of antenatal education in small groups on obstetric as well as psycho-social outcomes. METHODS: Bibliographic databases (Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycINFO) were searched. We included randomized and quasi-randomized trials irrespective of language, publication year, publication type, and publication status. Only trials carried out in the Western world were considered in this review. Studies were assessed for bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results are presented as structured summaries of the included trials and as forest plots. RESULTS: We identified 5,708 records. Of these, 17 studies met inclusion criteria. Studies varied greatly in content of the experimental and control condition. All outcomes were only reported in a single or a few trials, leading to limited or uncertain confidence in effect estimates. Given the heterogeneity in interventions and outcomes and also the high risk of bias of studies, we are unable to draw definitive conclusions as to the impact of small group antenatal education on obstetric and psycho-social outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Insufficient evidence exists as to whether antenatal education in small classes is effective in regard to obstetric and psycho-social outcomes. We recommend updating this review following the emergence of well-conducted randomized controlled trials with a low risk of bias. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42013004319 ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13643-015-0010-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Obstetric Education for Critical Care Nurses

Background The purpose of this study was to educate ICU nurses on the care of obstetric women in critical care through the use of a toolkit with intentions to increase knowledge and confidence. Method The toolkit was created via the platform WordPress™ and topics were chosen based on the most common admission diagnoses found during the literature review. Data were collected via forms manager and voluntary participation among ICU nursing staff was obtained. Results Mean scores from the pretest to the post-test showed improvement from 7.08 to 8.50 and the minimum and maximum scores increased from pretest to post-test supporting clinical significance in increased knowledge post intervention. From the pre- to post-confidence survey, overall confidence among nurses increased from a mean of 31.67-36.67 to 46.67-53.33. Conclusion The project supports the hypothesis that the toolkit was clinically significant in improving knowledge and confidence among ICU nurses caring for obstetric patients

The Effects of Self-Efficacy on the Accuracy of Self-Assessments

Self-efficacy plays an important role in academic performance and self-concept development. This action research investigates the effects of self-efficacy on self-assessment accuracy among engineering students during a 3D modeling unit. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the study contains Likert scales to assess self-efficacy and quantitative methods to determine student\u27s predicted and actual performance. Findings reveal that while self-efficacy improves over time, students become more likely to underestimate their abilities. The study suggests the need for a variety of feedback sources and highlights potential limitations in the tested self-assessment practices. Future research should explore other subject areas and different assessment formats to further understand self-efficacy and self-assessment accuracy

Aidan Forberg Honors Portfolio

Aidan Forberg\u27s Honors Portfolio captured in August 2024