El agón entre sofística y filosofía : Entre la esclavitud del alma y la esclavitud del cuerpo

Este trabajo analiza una de las instancias del clásico agón entre sofística y filosofía, tal como aparece planteado en el Fedón de Platón. El eje de mi abordaje está constituido por las diversas relaciones de esclavitud que se pueden establecer entre el alma y el cuerpo. La hipótesis que aspiro a demostrar es que mientras la esclavitud del cuerpo al alma es postulada como la condición filosófica por excelencia, la esclavitud inversa (del alma al cuerpo) admite ser calificada de "sofística". Esto no significa que el sofista sea el creador de tal esclavitud anti-filosófica; la misma no es más que la forma de vida cotidiana del pueblo ateniense, regulada por deseos corporales que persiguen constantemente la consecución del placer. El rol del sofista en este contexto consistiría específicamente en la justificación y profundización de esa disposición preexistente, tanto a través de sus enseñanzas teóricas como de su práctica políticaThis paper examines one instance of the classic agón between sophistry and philosophy, as it appears raised in Plato's Phaedo. The focus of my approach is constituted by the various relationships of slavery that can be established between the soul and body. The hypothesis that I hope to prove is that while the slavery of the body to the soul is postulated as the quintessential philosophical condition, the reverse slavery (of the soul to the body) admits to be described as ?sophistic?. This does not mean that the sophist is the creator of such anti-philosophical slavery; it is the everyday lifestyle of the Athenian people, regulated by bodily desires constantly pursuing pleasure. The role of the sophist in this respect consists specifically in the justification and deepening of that existing disposition, through both its theoretical teachings and its political practic

The eroticism of statues and the rhetoricism of phantasms. A contrast between the mimetic productions of the philosopher and of the sophist in Plato

En este trabajo comparo el vínculo erótico entre el filósofo y su joven amado, tal como es descripto en Fedro 249b-256b, con la relación retórica que el sofista establece con el pueblo, según Sofista 232b-236d y 265a-268d. Postulo que se trata de dos casos estructuralmente análogos de producciones miméticas. El primero da como resultado un ágalma, (estatua sagrada), mientras que el segundo genera un phántasma (simulacro). Identifico las semejanzas y diferencias entre los elementos que participan de cada producción, para concluir poniendo en cuestión la pretendida inocuidad de la erótica filosófica, así como la supuesta nocividad de la retórica sofística.In this paper I compare the erotic bond between the philosopher and his young beloved, as described in Phaedrus 249b-256b, with the rhetorical relationship established between the sophist and the people, as described in Sophist 232b-236d and 265a-268d. I postulate that these are two structurally analogous cases of mimetic production. The first results in an ágalma (“holy statue”), while the second produces a phántasma (“simulation”). I identify the similarities and differences between the elements involved in each production, and conclude by questioning the supposed safety of philosophic erotics on the one hand and the alleged harmfulness of sophistic rhetoric on the other.Fil: Forciniti, Martín Sebastián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Filosofía "Dr. Alejandro Korn"; Argentin

Situación de las principales enfermedades del cultivo de la soja en el período 2004/2005 - 2014/2015 en el Noroeste Argentino

En el Noroeste Argentino (NOA), el número de las patologías identificadas en el cultivo de soja y sus respectivos niveles de infección se fueron incrementando con los sucesivos años de cultivo. El uso de cultivares susceptibles, el monocultivo y la labranza cero, entre otros, son los principales factores que contribuyeron al incremento de estos problemas que se manifestaron con mayor severidad a partir de la década de 1990 (Ploper, 2004).Fil: González, Victoria. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; ArgentinaFil: de Lisi, Vicente. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; ArgentinaFil: Reznikov, Sebastian. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino; Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Aguaysol, Natalia C.. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; ArgentinaFil: Forciniti, Jorge. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; ArgentinaFil: Devani, Mario. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; ArgentinaFil: Ploper, Leonardo Daniel. Gobierno de Tucumán. Ministerio de Desarrollo Productivo. Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino; Argentina; Argentin

Kusch, el peronismo indigenista y la “infiltración marxista”: Un análisis de la función ideológica del discurso filosófico

This article analyzes Rodolfo Kusch's The indigenous and popular thought in America as a political intervention in the year 1973. Being the reissue of a 1970 work, it is established that in both Peronism constitutes a political expression of the indigenous and popular American culture, threatened by a recent “Marxist infiltration”. A review of the use of this topic in the publications of the Peronist right-wing in the 60s and the 70s shows the convergence between that sector’s position and the indigenist Peronism of Kusch. Emphasizing that in each edition the philosopher points out different people responsible for the Marxist infiltration, it is concluded that the greater danger attributed to them in 1973 is explained by the intensity of the confrontation between the left and the right-wing of Peronism in that year, in which Kusch takes sides in favor of the second. [Peer-reviewed article] Received: 15/7/2022 Accepted: 05/09/2022Este artículo analiza El pensamiento indígena y popular en América de Rodolfo Kusch como una intervención política en el año 1973. Tratándose de la reedición de una obra de 1970, se establece que en ambas el peronismo constituye una expresión política de la cultura indígena y popular americana, amenazada por una reciente “infiltración marxista”. Un relevamiento de la utilización de este tópico en las publicaciones de la derecha peronista de los años 60 y 70 exhibe la convergencia entre el posicionamiento de dicho sector y el peronismo indigenista de Kusch. Destacando que en cada edición el filósofo señala diferentes responsables de la infiltración marxista, se concluye que la mayor peligrosidad que les atribuye en 1973 se explica por la intensidad del enfrentamiento entre la izquierda y la derecha del peronismo en ese año, en el cual Kusch toma partido a favor de la segunda.  [Artículo evaluado por pares] Recibido: 15/7/2022 Aceptado: 05/09/202

Effects of Cosolvents and PH on Protein Adsorption on Polystyrene Latex: A Dynamic Light Scattering Study

Dynamic light scattering was used to study the adsorption of two proteins with different surface properties (IgG and HSA) on negatively charged polystyrene latex. The proteins were adsorbed from water and from water/methanol and water/glycerol mixtures at various pH. Some striking differences between the adsorption behaviors of the proteins were observed. Whereas the thickness of the adsorbed layer of HSA was extremely sensitive to pH and solvent composition, that of IgG was not. IgG mainly showed an end-on orientation on polystyrene whereas several different surface orientations are suggested for HSA under different conditions. The addition of methanol inhibited the adsorption of HSA on the latex, but it did not affect the adsorption of IgG. In contrast, the addition of glycerol increased the thickness of the adsorbed layers of both proteins. So, the orientation of IgG on the latex is insensitive to pH but is a function of the kind of solvent whereas both pH and solvent strongly affect the adsorption of HSA. This is a puzzling result since both cosolvents should equally affect the adsorption of both proteins if the dominant forces for adsorption are the same. Therefore, we concluded that, whereas hydrophobic interactions are the dominant force in the adsorption behavior of HSA, van der Waals forces are the main forces involved in the attachment of IgG to the lattices

Emotion recognition in Italian political language to predict positionings and crises government.

The paper aims to analyze the political language adopted on Twitter by the main Italian parties’ leaders during the first two waves of Covid-19 pandemic. A two-step model based on sentiment emotion recognition (ER) and Correspondence analysis detected which emotions characterized the political language and which changes happened between the two waves. The results showed the use of a language with a strong emotional weight for some political actors as opposed to others who used a neutral register of political language in both waves. The comparison between two waves denoted a shift from anger to sadness and fear for Meloni and a moving away Salvini by predicting through ER the rift of the right-wing

Spatial association techniques for analysing trip distribution in an urban area

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Ethylene Oxide and Propylene Oxide Random Copolymer/sodium Chloride Aqueous Two-phase Systems: Wetting and Adsorption on Dodecyl-agarose and Polystyrene

Liquid/liquid partition chromatography is a mild yet powerful separation method for a variety of biological materials. This work demonstrates that it should be feasible to immobilize an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide (EO/PO) random copolymer solution and to use a solution of NaCl equilibrated against the polymer solution as the mobile-phase (poly (EO-PO) [P(EO-PO)] and NaCl form two aqueous phases known as aqueous two-phase systems). Three random copolymers with different molecular weights and EO/PO ratios were used. Dodecyl-agarose and polystyrene were tested as possible supports. The wetting energies of the aqueous two-phase systems on these two kinds of surfaces were calculated as well as contact angles for each phase on the same surfaces. Finally, the thickness of P(EO-PO) adsorption layers on polystyrene lattices were measured by dynamic light scattering. Contact angle measurements indicate that indeed some EO/PO copolymers preferentially wet hydrophobic substrates, forming thin films. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc

Purification and Characterization of Crystallins by Aqueous Two-phase Extraction

Crystallins are a family of water-soluble proteins that constitute up to 90% of the water-soluble proteins in mammalian eye lenses. We present in this paper an alternative purification method for these proteins using polyethylene glycol/dextran aqueous two-phase extraction. Under the appropriate conditions, we were able to recover the γ-crystallin fraction essentially free of the remaining proteins. High concentrations of salt at a neutral pH maximize the recovery of γ-crystallins in the top phase and minimize the contamination by the other proteins present in the lenses. The proposed protocol decreases the separation time by about 50%. The complex partition behavior observed for these proteins reflects a delicate balance between protein/phase-forming species (various polymers and salts) and protein/protein interactions. This is evidenced, in part, by the role played by the largest proteins in this group as a pseudo phase-forming species

Structural Properties of Mixtures of Highly Asymmetrical Electrolytes and Uncharged Particles using the Hypernetted Chain Approximation

We have solved the Ornstein-Zernike equation in the hypernetted chain (HNC) approximation for several mixtures of electrolytes and uncharged hard spheres. The mixtures that we studied range from a simple restricted primitive model plus hard spheres of the same size to highly asymmetric electrolytes plus hard spheres of different sizes. We monitored the radial distribution function and thermodynamic properties. We find that the presence of neutral particles changes the nature of the interaction between the charged particles. We also find a strong correlation between nonelectrostatic and electrostatic contributions to the free energy of the mixtures. Potential applications of this approach to the study of protein solubility in solutions of nonionic polymers are discussed. © 1994 American Institute of Physics