Abstracts

report was grounded on on-site visits of leading Portuguese Universities, Polytechnics and Business Schools as well as on written statements of the institutions visited. Additional material has been provided by the Ministry of Education. The article tries to give an appraisal of the actual state of the art of university level distance education in Portugal covering issues such as spread of distance learning so far, attitudes towards distance learning, pedagogical models, access, funding and quality issues. On the basis of this analysis some policy recommendations are formulated by the authors

Report of the CGIAR Task Force on Central/Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union

Final report of a task force established at ICW95 to assess what, if any, research collaboration the CGIAR should undertake with the 28 countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. It was presented at CGIAR International Centers Week in October - November 1996 by Task Force chair Rudy Rabbinge. A preliminary version of the report was discussed at MTM96. The Task Force recommended extending the CGIAR's geographic mandate to the area, which it divided into two regions with differing needs: Central and Eastern Europe, and Central Asia and the Caucasus. Countries in latter group qualified on per capital income levels alone for CGIAR attention. Programs undertaken should fall within a comprehensive strategy to be developed, correspond with CGIAR priorities and comparative advantage, and be financed with resources additional to those currently available to the CGIAR. Specific activities that could be implemented while planning was continuing were identified at ICARDA, CIMMYT, IPGRI, and ISNAR.Annexes include a paper on agricultural knowledge systems in transitional economies, tables of human, physical, and economic indicators for the countries, a list of CGIAR missions to the area, highlights of a workshop on research and seed production needs in dryland agriculture in the West and Central Asian republics, and a list of proposed CGIAR project activity

Tribute to Judge Duffy | Clerk Recollections, Stories, and Vignettes

In his forty-four years on the bench, Judge Duffy had sixty-five law clerks, each with their own stories about his inimitable courtroom presence, keen intellect, tremendous heart, and unique sense of humor. In addition to the longer tributes, we wanted to include at least a small sampling of the rich variety of heartfelt remembrances of Kevin Thomas Duffy (“KTD”) that have been shared among his scores of clerks since the Judge’s passing. We also asked our clerk community for the five words that come to mind when they think of the Judge. We have included a Word Cloud that displays the results of that input and helps to capture some of our reflections on the beautiful life of our beloved KTD. All of us will be forever grateful for having been included in his chambers family

collaborative translation and teaching

UIDB/04097/2020 UIDP/04097/2020publishersversionpublishe

On the nature of estuarine circulation : part I (chapters 3 and 4)

The reader will quickly see that the subject matter of Chapter 3 is confined to the hydraulics of sharply stratified media, whereas real estuaries are always more or less diffusely stratified. What is more, no discussion is made of the order of magnitude of the friction terms. In ordinary single layer flow (such as in rivers) engineers already have crude approximations of the friction terms (Chezy and Manning formulas), but we do not have even these approximations for two layer flow. For this reason the differential equations of gradually varied flow of two layers are for the most part left unintegrated and all that is demonstrated is the qualitative aspects of the flow. In the case of entrainment of water from one layer into another we can only perform integrations of the equations when the amount of entrainment is known, whereas in real estuaries we do not have a priori knowledge of this amount. The reader will see, therefore, that the subject matter of Chapter 3 is really very incomplete, leaving undetermined all the constants which depend upon turbulent mixing, upon the frictional stresses on the bottom, and the free surface and the walls, and upon the amount of entrainment. The contents of Chapter 4 are somewhat different. First of all, they contain summaries of several of these papers have proceeded on the basis of hypotheses already published papers on the mixing in estuaries. Most about the nature of the mixing process. The applicability of these hypotheses appears to be restricted to only certain estuaries, and it must be admitted that more work has been done that involves guessing what the mixing processes in an estuary might be, than has been done in trying to find out what the mixing processes in an estuary actually are. As incomplete as the subject matter of Chapter 4 is, it is hoped that it will suggest which of the possible mixing processes in estuaries may be important in any particular one which is the subject of study, and that it will also suggest the type of observations which will be most desirable in studying a particular estuary. For example: in an unstratified estuary it seems that a more or less uniform spacing of stations up and down the estuary is desirable; but in an estuary which appears to be subject to the constraint of overmixing (Section 4.51) the location of stations should be largely confined to control sections.Office of Naval Research under Contract No. N6onr-27701 (NR-083-004)