The Observational Equivalence of Taylor Rule and Taylor-type Rules

In a variety of recent papers, researchers have found that interest rate behaviour approximately follows a Taylor rule. From this they have concluded that the central bank is following a Taylor rule as its monetary policy reaction function. We show that such interest rate behaviour results when the central bank may be following quite different monetary policy rules from the one proposed by Taylor. In other words an interest rate relation with output and inflation does not identify a central bank reaction function.

Synthesis in millireactor system and stability of intermediates for the functionalization of imidazole

This Master thesis presents the results obtained in the curricular traineeship, carried out within the laboratories of the Department of Chemistry of the University of Bergen, during the Erasmus period, and within the Department of Industrial Chemistry of the University of Bologna. The project followed in Bergen concerned the synthesis of key intermediates used for the functionalization of the backbone of imidazole, using N,N'- diiodo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (“DIH”) as an iodinating agent, and employing an innovative kind of chemical reactor: the “Multijet Oscillating Disc Millireactor” (MJOD Reactor). Afterwards, the work performed in Bologna consisted in verifying the stability in solution of the above mentioned N,N'-diiodo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin utilising spectrophotometric techniques and High Performance Liquid Chromatography analyses (HPLC)

Enjoy Poverty:Humanitarianism and the testimonial function of images

The overlap between production of humanitarian images and interventions in contexts of natural and man-made catastrophes is growing on a global scale. An increasingly close relationship exists between image production, news production and humanitarian industry. In this article, we argue that this process is transforming the meaning of the social, political and ethical act of bearing witness. We analyse the epistemic and political implications of visual humanitarian testimony through the documentary film Enjoy Poverty (2008), shot in Congo by the Dutch artist Renzo Martens. Examining some of the key scenes of the film, we undertake an analysis of the visual culture of humanitarianism within which the contemporary production of sensational images of strong emotional impact is inscribed and justified. We maintain that rethinking testimonial debt in light of contemporary visual humanitarianism fundamentally means to acknowledge and explore the hierarchical relationship that visual humanitarianism creates between the witnesses, the victims and the spectators. We conclude by arguing that Enjoy Poverty constitutes an attempt to generate a new visual, discursive and political horizon within which one can prevent the transformation of the testimonial relationship into a relationship of power

Editorial Note

The Review of Economics and Institutions is the New Series of Economia, Società e Istituzioni, edited by Luiss University Press up to 2005. The New Series is published by the University of Perugia maintaining the founders' idea that political economy scholars should aim at understanding social and economic issues in their concreteness and completeness, in their historical perspective and within their institutional framework. The nature and scope of the Review remain general. Although submissions of high-quality theoretical articles will be considered, a privileged attention will be paid to applied contributions. A distinctive feature of the New Series is that it offers authors the possibility to have their papers accepted in less than three months; specifically, it is conceived for attracting high quality works of young economists at their earlier phase of research activity. This First Issue of the New Series is a collection of invited works by international leading scholars; these articles provide clear examples of the fields of research and the quality standards the Review aims at attaining

Rheological changes in melts and magmas induced by crystallization and strain rate

This review highlights the rheological and phase proportions variation induced by cooling events from superliquidus temperature (melt) to subliquidus temperatures. It provides a comprehensive view of the rheological response of magmatic systems undergoing dynamic cooling and shear deformation. The two main parameters which are of importance to model the rheological properties of such crystallizing systems and which are simultaneously poorly investigated so far are crystallization and strain rates. The response to relatively high deformation rates results in shear thinning behavior in partly crystallized systems under variable shear rate and it should be considered in magmatic processes. Due to the sluggish crystallization of SiO2-rich melts, data are mainly available for mafic systems, which does not allow a general reappraisal. An attempt to model available literature data for less evolved systems in dynamic scenarios and a comparison with MELTS algorithm approach (thermodynamic equilibrium conditions) is provided. Since there are difficulties in comparing experimental data gained using different methodologies, we focus mainly on data obtained with the concentric cylinder technique. This highlights the fact that a general experimental protocol is needed in order to compare and model viscosity data to predict the dynamic rheological evolution for volcanic rocks. © Académie des sciences, Paris and the authors, 2022. Some rights reserved

Rheological changes in melts and magmas induced by crystallization and strain rate

This review highlights the rheological and phase proportions variation induced by cooling events from superliquidus temperature (melt) to subliquidus temperatures. It provides a comprehensive view of the rheological response of magmatic systems undergoing dynamic cooling and shear deformation. The two main parameters which are of importance to model the rheological properties of such crystallizing systems and which are simultaneously poorly investigated so far are crystallization and strain rates. The response to relatively high deformation rates results in shear thinning behavior in partly crystallized systems under variable shear rate and it should be considered in magmatic processes. Due to the sluggish crystallization of SiO2-rich melts, data are mainly available for mafic systems, which does not allow a general reappraisal. An attempt to model available literature data for less evolved systems in dynamic scenarios and a comparison withMELTS algorithm approach (thermodynamic equilibriumconditions) is provided. Since there are difficulties in comparing experimental data gained using different methodologies, we focus mainly on data obtained with the concentric cylinder technique. This highlights the fact that a general experimental protocol is needed in order to compare and model viscosity data to predict the dynamic rheological evolution for volcanic rocks

Does the hub and spoke model matter for universityindustry engagement in innovation ecosystems?

While the literature has extensively investigated applications of the hub and spoke (H&S) model, its characteristics, dynamics, effectiveness and costs remain little explored in the field of university-industry partnerships for knowledge transfer in innovation ecosystems (IEs). This study contributes to the literature on the organisation of relationships in innovation ecosystems by investigating whether and how the H&S model matters in governing partnerships for knowledge transfer. To do so, a multiple case study was conducted to examine the 11 national IEs funded by the Italian government under the framework of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan in the period 2022–2026. The ecosystems operate across 20 regions, with 11 hubs and 84 spokes involving more than 40 universities and over 200 research organisations and firms. The findings, based on secondary data, two questionnaires and in-depth interviews of individuals involved in H&S governance, reveal that a top-down approach was adopted since the government required for the first time, on a mandatory basis, the creation of ecosystems using the H&S model. The IEs have improved collaboration between universities and firms. Challenges and good practices are discussed. The article identifies three forms of application of the H&S model, depending on the geographical span of the relations between actors: urban, regional and cross-regional ecosystems. Based on the level of coordination among ecosystem actors, three types of solutions to organise knowledge transfer are conceptualised: centralised, decentralised and hybrid models. Implications are suggested to ameliorate university governance and to inform the design of policies for university-industry engagement

Globalisation and the decline of the labour share: a microeconomic perspective

This paper contributes to the infant literature on the determinants of the labour share at the level of individual firms and provides novel insights on the effect of firms’ patterns of internationalisation. The analysis is performed using a rich dataset, covering six EU countries (Austria, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy and Spain), and combining information from the EFIGE survey and Amadeus balance sheets. Our results show that the labour share is lower for exporting firms and for those engaged in foreign direct investments or offshoring activities. These findings are robust to an array of sensitivity tests. Our instrumental variable analysis indicates that causation goes from internationalization to changes in the labour share. Investigation into the channels of the negative impact of internationalisation shows that these effects are not related to the composition of the labour force, nor to technological factors or firm market power. The analysis for subsectors of different technological regimes is consistent with this interpretation