Análise do papel dos conselhos de administração e de suas determinantes em empresas listadas no novo mercado da BM&FBOVESPA

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa Multiinstitucional e Inter-Regional de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Contábeis, 2014.O presente estudo teve o objetivo de analisar a relação entre o papel dos Conselhos de Administração de 108 empresas listadas no Novo Mercado da BM&FBOVESPA e variáveis de governança corporativa reportadas pela literatura acadêmica que potencialmente pudessem interferir na dominância desse papel das reuniões dos Conselhos. A determinação do papel foi realizada por análise de conteúdo, adaptando o modelo de Schwartz-Ziv e Weisbach (2013), enquanto a avaliação das determinantes foi realizada por meio de Regressões Beta e Logística, utilizando-se respectivamente a proporção de tópicos gerenciais em relação ao total e uma classificação binária de acordo com a dominância. Foram avaliadas as Atas e os Formulários de Referências divulgados para os anos-base 2010 a 2013, sendo analisadas apenas empresas que apresentassem os dados referentes a todo o período. Foi detectado que os Conselhos exercem papel gerencial com mais frequência que supervisório, discutindo principalmente tópicos relacionados a Questões Financeiras, como Investimentos e Finanças e Relatórios Financeiros, havendo um destaque secundário para decisões relativas a Questões Formais. Os testes de médias emparelhados realizados ajudaram a verificar a estabilidade desses perfis de atividades. Os resultados das duas regressões foram convergentes, apontando que as variáveis significativas para a determinação do papel são a presença de um ex-CEO no Conselho de Administração e a existência de um Conselho Fiscal instalado, ambos contribuindo positivamente para a leve predominância do Gerencial sobre o Supervisório. ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThis study aimed to analyze the relationship between the role played by the Boards of Directors of 108 companies listed on BM&FBOVESPA’s Novo Mercado and corporate governance variables reported by the academic literature that could potentially interfere with the dominance of this role on the Boards’ meetings. The dominant role was verified through a Content Analysis based on Schwartz-Ziv and Weisbach’s model (2013), whilst Logistic and Beta regressions were used to evaluate the determinants, respectively using the ratio of management topics over the total and a binary classification according to this dominance. It was detected that Boards are playing a managerial role more often than the supervisory one, mainly discussing topics related to Financial Issues, such as Investments and Finance and Financial Reports, with a secondary emphasis on decisions concerning Formal Issues. Paired Means Tests were performed in order to verify the stability of such activity profiles. The results of the two regressions converged, pointing out that the significant variables for determining the role are the presence of a former CEO in the Board of Directors and the existence of a Fiscal Council, both positively contributing to the prevalence of the subtle Managerial role over the Supervisory one

Intervenção nutricional em crianças com Prader-Willi

Trabalho complementar (Monografia) realizado no âmbito da Unidade Curricular Estágio da Licenciatura em Ciências da Nutrição da Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, sob orientação de Dr.ª Ana Araújo (Associação de Paralisia Cerebral de Guimarâes) e coorientação de Dr.ª Fátima Fonseca (Centro Hospitalar do Alto Ave - Unidade de Guimarâes)Resumo da tese: A Síndrome de Prader-Willi (SPW) define-se como uma desordem multissistémica caracterizada por baixa estatura, atraso mental, hipotonia, hiperfagia com início na infância e obesidade. A síndrome é causada pela ausência de expressão de genes ativos da região crítica do braço longo do cromossoma 15 de origem paterna. Com prevalência mundial de 350-400mil indivíduos é a causa mais comum de obesidade crónica de origem genética em humanos. A disfunção hipotalâmica parece ser responsável por muitas das características clínicas da síndrome, que evoluem ao nível comportamental e fenotípico ao longo da vida. A intervenção envolve uma abordagem multidisciplinar com objetivo de melhorar a qualidade de vida, prevenir complicações inerentes ao excesso ponderal e prolongar a esperança de vida. Esta passa por ajustar o aporte energético sem prejuízo de desenvolvimento do individuo portador e educar o meio de forma a constituir uma mais-valia na terapêutica.Thesis abstract: The Prader-Willi Sydrome (PWS) is complex multisystem disorder characterized by short stature, mental retardation, hypotonia, childhood onset hyperphagia and obesity. The syndrome is caused due to lack of expression of paternal active genes of the long arm critical region in chromosome 15. With a worldwide prevalence of 350-400 thousand individuals is the most common cause of chronic genetic obesity in humans. Hypothalamic dysfunction seems to be responsible for many of the lifelong phenotypic and behavioral features of the syndrome. The management involves a multidisciplinary approach in order to improve quality of life, prevent complications associated with overweight and prolong life expectancy. Energy intake must be adjusted without compromising the development of the individual and is necessary to educate the community for therapeutics benefit

Solos: além de tudo, seqüestro de carbono.

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Suplementação prolongada com creatina melhora a capacidade aeróbica de eqüinos

O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar os efeitos da suplementação oral com creatina sobre respostas fisiológicas ao treinamento aeróbico. Doze cavalos da raça Puro Sangue Árabe foram submetidos a treinamento aeróbico por 90 dias, com ou sem suplementação com creatina, que consistia da administração diária de 75g de monoidrato de creatina misturada à ração durante os 90 dias de treinamento. O treinamento físico foi conduzido exclusivamente em esteira rolante de alto desempenho sendo a intensidade do treinamento estabelecida em 80% da velocidade obtida através da V4 (velocidade na qual a concentração sangüínea de lactato atinge 4mmol L-1) determinada mensalmente para cada animal. Para o estabelecimento da V4 individual foi empregado um teste físico de esforço crescente em que, após um período de aquecimento de 4min a 4m s-1, a velocidade era aumentada à cada intervalo de dois minutos, para 6, 8 e 10m s-1. As amostras sangüíneas foram coletadas 15s antes do témino de cada intervalo para a determinação do lactato, hematócrito, hemoglobina e eritrócitos. Os resultados demonstraram um aumento significativo (P<0,05) da V4 dos animais que receberam creatina por 60 e 90 dias quando comparados, no mesmo período, com os animais que não receberam a suplementação. As outras variáveis hematológicas não apresentaram alterações. É possível sugerir que a suplementação prolongada com creatina pode promover efeitos benéficos no desempenho atlético de eqüinos. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACTThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of long-term oral supplementation of creatine on the physiological responses to aerobic training. Twelve purebred Arabian horses were submitted to aerobic training for 90 days, with and without creatine supplementation which consisted of the daily administration of 75g of creatine monohydrate mixed into the ration for 90 days of training. Physical conditioning was conducted on a high performance treadmill and training intensity was stipulated by calculating the V4 (velocity at which blood lactate reaches 4mmol L-1) determined monthly for each animal. The individual intensity of physical force at 80% of aerobic threshold was established. An incremental exercise test was used to set the individual V4. After a warm up period of 4 min at 4m s-1, the speed was increased at 2min intervals to 6, 8 and 10m s-1. The blood samples were collected 15s before the end of each step to determine the concentration of lactate, packed cell volume, hemoglobin and red cell values. The results demonstrated a significant increase (P<0.05) in V4 in the groups that received creatine supplementation for 60 days or more when compared to the animals without creatine supplememntation. The other hematological variables were similar to all groups. The results showed that the prolonged creatine supplementation may have a beneficial al effect on the equine athletic performance

Management of pediatric uveitis

Pediatric uveitis is a topic of special interest not only because of the unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges but also because of the lifetime burden of vision loss if the problem is not adequately treated, as well as the economic and psychological toll on the family. Often, uveitis in children is discovered as part of a routine eye exam; this silent, insidious inflammation can be difficult to treat and can lead to further complications if not handled skillfully. Corticosteroids have long been the mainstay of therapy; however, the significant associated side effects mandate a corticosteroid-sparing therapeutic regimen in pursuit of remission. In this review, we cover the therapeutic options for pediatric uveitis, specifically focusing on the most common non-infectious varieties, juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis and pars planitis

Over provisioning-centric QoS-routing mechanism for the communication paradigm of future internet 4WARD proposal

The FP7 4WARD clean-slate Project envisions overcoming the limitations of current Internet by redefining it to efficiently support complex value-added sessions and services, such as location-based, health-care, critical-mission, and geo processing. The list of networking innovations from 4WARD’s Future Internet (FI) proposal includes a new connectivity paradigm called Generic Path (GP), a common representation for all communications. From the networking point of view, a GP is mapped to a communication path for data propagation. For that, GP architecture relies on routing mechanism for selecting best communication paths. In order to assure reliable communications, the routing mechanism must efficiently provision QoS-aware multi-party capable paths, with robustness functions, while keeping network performance. Therefore, this paper proposes the QoS-Routing and Resource Control (QoS-RRC) mechanism to deal with the hereinabove requirements by means of an over provisioning-centric (bandwidth and paths) approach. QoS-RRC achieves scalability by avoiding per-flow operations (e.g., signaling, state storage, etc.). Initial QoS-RRC performance evaluation was carried out in Network Simulator v.2 (NS-2), enabling drastic reduction of overall signaling exchanges compared to per-flow solutions

Nonparametric Edge Detection in Speckled Imagery

We address the issue of edge detection in Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery. In particular, we propose nonparametric methods for edge detection, and numerically compare them to an alternative method that has been recently proposed in the literature. Our results show that some of the proposed methods display superior results and are computationally simpler than the existing method. An application to real (not simulated) data is presented and discussed.Comment: Accepted for publication in Mathematics and Computers in Simulatio

Effects of maternal ischemic preconditioning in the colon of newborn rats submitted to hypoxia-reoxygenation insult

PURPOSE:To evaluate the effects of maternal remote ischemic preconditioning (IPCr) in the colonic mucosa of newborn rats subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation.METHODS: Newborn Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Control Group (CG), Hypoxia and Reoxygenation Group (HRG) and Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Group (IPCrG). Hypoxia and reoxygenation was performed 2x per day, with an interval of 6 hours, on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days of life, with 10 minutes of CO2 at 100%, followed by 10 minutes O2 at 100%(HRG/IPCrG). The maternal IPCr was performed 24 hours before delivery by applying a rubber band tourniquet to the left hind limb (IPCrG). Segments of the colon underwent histological (HE) and immunohistochemical analysis for caspase-3 and COX - 2.RESULTS:The histological findings showed no intestinal mucosal damage in the CG group and severe lesions in HRG that was attenuated in the IPCrG (p<0.05). The expression of the apoptotic cells was lower in the HRG group than in the CG and IPCrG. The COX-2 expression was intense in HRG and attenuated in the IPCrG (p<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Maternal IPCr protected the colonic mucosa of newborn rats subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation, reducing the morphological alterations and inflammatory response. It ameliorates the occurrence of apoptosis, keeping the physiological process of renewal and regeneration in the epithelial lining of the colonic mucosa.Federal University of São Paulo Paulista School of MedicinevFaculty of Medicine of MariliaUNIVASF Faculty of MedicineUNIFESP-EPM Department of PathologyUSP FM Department of SurgeryUNIFESP-EPM Department of Pediatric SurgeryUNIFESP, Paulista School of MedicinevUNIFESP, EPM Department of PathologyUNIFESP, EPM Department of Pediatric SurgerySciEL