3D-Fernsehen – Top oder Flop? Eine Marktanalyse

Nach Einschätzungen mehrerer Firmen aus der Unterhaltungselektronik während der »Internationalen Funkausstellung « (IFA) in Berlin 2010 und 2011 erwartet die Branche für die Zukunft vielversprechende Wachstumsraten für Fernsehgeräte mit integrierter 3D-Technologie. Diese relativ optimistische Prognose wurde zum Anlass genommen, eine Marktstudie mit dem Ziel durchzuführen, das Marktpotenzial für Fernsehgeräte mit 3D-Technologie zu untersuchen. Insgesamt wurden 261 Personen aus dem Raum Berlin-Brandenburg befragt, um Rückschlüsse auf deren Kaufbereitschaft für 3D-Fernsehgeräte ziehen zu können. Die empirischen Daten aus den Fragebögen wurden mit Hilfe des Statistik-Programms SPSS (Version 19) ausgewertet. Die Forschungsergebnisse sind im vorliegenden Artikel zusammengefasst.According to estimates from several firm executives in consumer electronics as announced during the »Internationale Funkausstellung« (IFA) in Berlin in 2010 and 2011, the market for TVs with integrated 3D technology indicates very promising growth rates for the future. This relatively optimistic forecast was taken as an opportunity to initiate a field research project. Research activity targets to investigate the market potential for TV sets with 3D-technology. A total of 261 people from the Berlin-Brandenburg region were interviewed. Data allow deductions about market potentials for 3D TVs in the future. The empirical data were analyzed using the statistical program SPSS (version 19). Research outcomes are summarized in this paper

Managing the Complexity of Processing Financial Data at Scale -- an Experience Report

Financial markets are extremely data-driven and regulated. Participants rely on notifications about significant events and background information that meet their requirements regarding timeliness, accuracy, and completeness. As one of Europe's leading providers of financial data and regulatory solutions vwd processes a daily average of 18 billion notifications from 500+ data sources for 30 million symbols. Our large-scale geo-distributed systems handle daily peak rates of 1+ million notifications/sec. In this paper we give practical insights about the different types of complexity we face regarding the data we process, the systems we operate, and the regulatory constraints we must comply with. We describe the volume, variety, velocity, and veracity of the data we process, the infrastructure we operate, and the architecture we apply. We illustrate the load patterns created by trading and how the markets' attention to the Brexit vote and similar events stressed our systems.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, to be published in the proceedings of the 10th Complex Systems Design & Management conference (CSD&M'19) by Springe

Die elektrischen Eigenschaften von Indiumoxid-Dünnschichten: in-situ Hall-Effekt-Messungen zur Aufklärung des Einflusses von Punktdefekten und Korngrenzen

Trotz des weit verbreiteten Einsatzes von Indiumoxid als transparentes, leitfähiges Material sind grundlegende Mechanismen zu dessen elektrischer Leitfähigkeit nicht verstanden. Insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Knappheit der Indium-Ressourcen ist ein Verständnis der Leitungsprozesse jedoch erforderlich um alternative Materialien entwickeln zu können. Die elektrische Leitfähigkeit von undotiertem und dotiertem Indiumoxid wird maßgeblich durch Defekte bestimmt. In dieser Arbeit wird sowohl der Einfluss von Punktdefekten, als auch der von Korngrenzen auf kathodenzerstäubte, polykristalline Indiumoxid-Dünnschichten untersucht. Die vorliegende Arbeit liefert einen Beitrag zum umfassenderen Verständnis der Leitungsmechanismen, indem sie die Korngrenzstreuung als den die elektrische Leitfähigkeit maßgeblich begrenzenden Streuprozess in polykristallinen Dünnschichten identifiziert und zudem zeigt, dass die Dotierelemente einen starken Einfluss auf die Korngrenzstreuung nehmen. Zur Bestimmung der Punktdefektchemie werden bei oxidischen Materialien in der Literatur üblicherweise Relaxationsmessungen der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit herangezogen, die in Abhängigkeit des Sauerstoffpartialdrucks gemessen werden. Hierbei wird grundsätzlich die Annahme gemacht, dass die Ladungsträgerbeweglichkeit konstant ist. Diese falsche Annahme kann jedoch zur Fehlinterpretation der Daten im Hinblick auf die Punktdefektchemie führen. Aus diesem Grund wird in dieser Arbeit erstmals der direkte Einfluss des Sauerstoffpartialdrucks auf die Ladungsträgerkonzentration und damit auch auf die Ladungsträgerbeweglichkeit untersucht. Möglich wird dies durch einen neu entwickelten in-situ Hall-Effekt-Messplatz, welcher Messungen in Abhängigkeit von Temperatur, Sauerstoffpartialdruck und Gesamtdruck ermöglicht. Die Relaxationsmessungen zeigen, dass die Ladungsträgerbeweglichkeit keineswegs konstant ist, sondern stark von der Ladungsträgerkonzentration abhängt. Die Streuung der Ladungsträger an Korngrenzen nimmt dabei starken Einfluss auf das Materialverhalten. Neben dem Einfluss unterschiedlicher Dotierelemente und -konzentrationen wird der Einfluss der Parameter bei der Deposition (via Kathodenzerstäubung) der polykristallinen Dünnschichtproben untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die Art der Dotierelemente und deren Konzentrationen neben der Ladungsträgerkonzentration auch auf die -beweglichkeit auswirken. Die Resultate weisen zudem darauf hin, dass die Korngrenzstreuung für die unterschiedlichen Dotierelemente unterschiedlich ausfällt. Die erhaltenen Ergebnisse motivieren eine genauere Betrachtung der Korngrenzstreuung aus einem experimentellen wie auch einem theoretischen Blickwinkel: Die energetischen Barrieren für Ladungsträger an den Korngrenzen werden experimentell ermittelt und ein für entartete Halbleiter gültiges Korngrenzstreumodell entwickelt. Ein Vergleich von gemessenen und berechneten Korngrenzbarrieren wird durchgeführt. Es zeigt sich, dass Dotierelemente wie Zinn, welche in Indiumoxid Akzeptordefekte ausbilden können, zu höheren Barrieren führen als Elemente, die diese Eigenschaft nicht aufweisen (zum Beispiel Zirkonium). Hingegen wird eine Reduzierung der Barriere und somit eine Erhöhung der Ladungsträgerbeweglichkeit durch eine Wasserstoffdotierung erreicht. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit sind für die Verwendung von dotierten Indiumoxid-Dünnschichten als Elektrodenmaterial und für die Entwicklung alternativer Materialsysteme relevant. Die gewonnen Erkenntnisse ermöglichen ein Einstellen elektrischer und optischer Eigenschaften

Poster: A Real-World Distributed Infrastructure for Processing Financial Data at Scale

Financial markets are event- and data-driven to an extremely high degree. For making decisions and triggering actions stakeholders require notifications about significant events and reliable background information that meet their individual requirements in terms of timeliness, accuracy, and completeness. As one of Europe's leading providers of financial data and regulatory solutions vwd processes an average of 18 billion event notifications from 500+ data sources for 30 million symbols per day. Our large-scale distributed event-based systems handle daily peak rates of 1+ million event notifications per second and additional load generated by singular pivotal events with global impact. In this poster we give practical insights into our IT systems. We outline the infrastructure we operate and the event-driven architecture we apply at vwd. In particular we showcase the (geo)distributed publish/subscribe broker network we operate across locations and countries to provide market data to our customers with varying quality of information (QoI) properties.Comment: Authors' version of the accepted submission; final version published by ACM as part of the proceedings of DEBS '19: The 13th ACM International Conference on Distributed and Event-based Systems (DEBS '19); 2 pages, 1 figure; vwd Vereinigte Wirtschaftsdienste GmbH is by now known as Infront Financial Technology GmbH (part of the Infront group

Poster: Benchmarking Financial Data Feed Systems

Data-driven solutions for the investment industry require event-based backend systems to process high-volume financial data feeds with low latency, high throughput, and guaranteed delivery modes. At vwd we process an average of 18 billion incoming event notifications from 500+ data sources for 30 million symbols per day and peak rates of 1+ million notifications per second using custom-built platforms that keep audit logs of every event. We currently assess modern open source event-processing platforms such as Kafka, NATS, Redis, Flink or Storm for the use in our ticker plant to reduce the maintenance effort for cross-cutting concerns and leverage hybrid deployment models. For comparability and repeatability we benchmark candidates with a standardized workload we derived from our real data feeds. We have enhanced an existing light-weight open source benchmarking tool in its processing, logging, and reporting capabilities to cope with our workloads. The resulting tool wrench can simulate workloads or replay snapshots in volume and dynamics like those we process in our ticker plant. We provide the tool as open source. As part of ongoing work we contribute details on (a) our workload and requirements for benchmarking candidate platforms for financial feed processing; (b) the current state of the tool wrench.Comment: Authors' version of the accepted submission; final version published by ACM as part of the proceedings of DEBS '19: The 13th ACM International Conference on Distributed and Event-based Systems (DEBS '19); 2 pages, 2 figure

The Black Aspergillus Species of Maize and Peanuts and Their Potential for Mycotoxin Production

The black spored fungi of the subgenera Circumdata, the section Nigri (=Aspergillus niger group) is reviewed relative to their production of mycotoxins and their effects on plants as pathogens. Molecular methods have revealed more than 18 cryptic species, of which several have been characterized as potential mycotoxin producers. Others are defined as benign relative to their ability to produce mycotoxins. However, these characterizations are based on in vitro culture and toxins production. Several can produce the ochratoxins that are toxic to livestock, poultry, and humans. The black aspergilli produce rots of grapes, maize, and numerous other fruits and grain and they are generally viewed as post-harvest pathogens. Data are review to suggest that black aspergilli, as so many others, are symptomless endophytes. These fungi and their mycotoxins contaminate several major grains, foodstuffs, and products made from them such as wine, and coffee. Evidence is presented that the black aspergilli are producers of other classes of mycotoxins such as the fumonisins, which are known carcinogenic and known prior investigations as being produced by the Fusarium species. Three species are identified in U.S. maize and peanuts as symptomless endophytes, which suggests the potential for concern as pathogens and as food safety hazards

Managing expectations: runtime negotiation of information quality requirements in event-based systems

© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2014.Interconnected smart devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) provide fine-granular data about real-world events, leveraged by service-based systems using the paradigm of event-based systems (EBS) for invocation. Depending on the capabilities and state of the system, the information propagated in EBS differs in content but also in properties like precision, rate and freshness. At runtime, consumers have different dynamic requirements about those properties that constitute quality of information (QoI) for them. Current approaches to support quality-related requirements in EBS are either domain-specific or limited in terms of expressiveness, flexibility and scope as they do not allow participants to adapt their behavior. We introduce the generic concept of expectations to express, negotiate and enforce arbitrary requirements about information quality in EBS at runtime. In this paper, we present the model of expectations, capabilities and feedback based on generic properties. Participants express requirements and define individual tradeoffs between them as expectations while system features are expressed as capabilities. We discuss the algorithms to (i) negotiate requirements at runtime in the middleware by matching expectations to capabilities and (ii) adapt participants as well as the middleware. We illustrate the architecture for runtime-support in industry-strength systems by describing prototypes implemented within a centralized and a decentralized EBS

Effective runtime monitoring of distributed event-based enterprise systems with ASIA

Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), interconnected smart devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) and other data sources are increasingly bridging the gap between the physical and digital world by providing fine-grained data about real-world events. Enterprise software systems are adopting the paradigm of event-based systems (EBS) to enable them to react to meaningful events in a timely manner. Smart supply chains fusing dynamic sensor data with information provided by backend-systems are one such example of event-based enterprise systems. Monitoring their global state in an effective way for runtime governance remains an open research challenge: providing the required type of information while trading off precision for costs. We previously introduced application-specific integrated aggregation (ASIA) as a means for collecting metadata in distributed event-based systems. In this paper, we show how ASIA can support IT Service Management in monitoring and governing decentralized event-based enterprise systems at runtime. We present a dashboard based on industry-strength technology as proof of concept and discuss how to integrate usage statistics provided on-the-fly by ASIA into metrics for runtime governance. We evaluate our monitoring approach in terms of performance, scalability and precision

Theorie der Stossbelastung orthotroper Platten und ihre experimentelle Ueberpruefung am Beispiel einer unidirektional verstaerkten CFK-Verbundplatte

SIGLEAvailable from Bochum Univ. (DE). Inst. fuer Mechanik / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman