Zeolite-Encapsulated Copper(II) Amino Acid Complexes: Synthesis, Spectroscopy, and Catalysis

The spectroscopic properties and catalytic behavior of Cu(AA)n m+ complexes (AA ) amino acid (glycine, lysine, histidine, alanine, serine, proline, tyrosine, phenylalanine, glutamine, glutamic acid, cysteine, tryptophan, leucine, and arginine)) in faujasite-type zeolites have been investigated. Successful immobilization was achieved by a simple cation exchange procedure with aqueous solutions of preformed Cu(AA)n m+ complexes. The best ion exchange results were obtained with lysine, arginine, proline (at pH ) 10), and histidine (at pH = 7.3) as ligands and with a AA:Cu 2+ ratio of 5. The internal surface and pore volume are drastically reduced by the uptake of the Cu(AA)n m+ complexes, and no precipitation of Cu(AA)n m+ crystals was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Both observations suggest the location of the complexes in the supercages of the faujasite-type zeolites. The composition of the first coordination sphere around Cu 2+ can be designed from NNNN to NOOO by varying the type of amino acid. A free coordination site is available for catalysis, and the oxidation of alcohols, alkanes, and alkenes with peroxides was observed at low temperatures

Fault-tolerance techniques for hybrid CMOS/nanoarchitecture

The authors propose two fault-tolerance techniques for hybrid CMOS/nanoarchitecture implementing logic functions as look-up tables. The authors compare the efficiency of the proposed techniques with recently reported methods that use single coding schemes in tolerating high fault rates in nanoscale fabrics. Both proposed techniques are based on error correcting codes to tackle different fault rates. In the first technique, the authors implement a combined two-dimensional coding scheme using Hamming and Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes to address fault rates greater than 5. In the second technique, Hamming coding is complemented with bad line exclusion technique to tolerate fault rates higher than the first proposed technique (up to 20). The authors have also estimated the improvement that can be achieved in the circuit reliability in the presence of Don-t Care Conditions. The area, latency and energy costs of the proposed techniques were also estimated in the CMOS domain

On the Two Spectra Inverse Problem for Semi-Infinite Jacobi Matrices

We present results on the unique reconstruction of a semi-infinite Jacobi operator from the spectra of the operator with two different boundary conditions. This is the discrete analogue of the Borg-Marchenko theorem for Schr{\"o}dinger operators in the half-line. Furthermore, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for two real sequences to be the spectra of a Jacobi operator with different boundary conditions.Comment: In this slightly revised version we have reworded some of the theorems, and we updated two reference

Quantum state engineering via unitary transformations

We construct a Hamiltonian for the generation of arbitrary pure states of the quantized electromagnetic field. The proposition is based upon the fact that a unitary transformation for the generation of number states has been already found. The general unitary transformation here obtained, would allow the use of nonlinear interactions for the production of pure states. We discuss the applicability of this method by giving examples of generation of simple superposition states. We also compare our Hamiltonian with the one resulting from the interaction of trapped ions with two laser fields.Comment: 5 pages in RevTeX, no figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

The Two-Spectra Inverse Problem for Semi-Infinite Jacobi Matrices in The Limit-Circle Case

We present a technique for reconstructing a semi-infinite Jacobi operator in the limit circle case from the spectra of two different self-adjoint extensions. Moreover, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for two real sequences to be the spectra of two different self-adjoint extensions of a Jacobi operator in the limit circle case.Comment: 26 pages. Changes in the presentation of some result

Dynamics of a deformable self-propelled particle under external forcing

We investigate dynamics of a self-propelled deformable particle under external field in two dimensions based on the model equations for the center of mass and a tensor variable characterizing deformations. We consider two kinds of external force. One is a gravitational-like force which enters additively in the time-evolution equation for the center of mass. The other is an electric-like force supposing that a dipole moment is induced in the particle. This force is added to the equation for the deformation tensor. It is shown that a rich variety of dynamics appears by changing the strength of the forces and the migration velocity of self-propelled particle

MD Simulation of Colloidal Particle Transportation in a Fiber Matrix

Surface glycocalyx, as a barrier to material exchange between circulating blood and body tissues, can be treated as a periodic square array of cylindrical fibers. Previous study treated the glycocalyx as porous media and simulated by continuum theory. However, it has recently been found that a relatively hexagonal fibre-matrix structure may be responsible for the ultrafiltration properties of microvascular walls. The fibre-matrix is an underlaying three-dimensional meshwork with a fibre diameter of 10$\sim$12 nm and characteristic spacing of about 20 nm. The porous medium model does not consider the particle size, when the particle size is comparable to the fibre spacing, the porous medium assumption may not be appropriate to study the permeable characteristics of nanosize particle in such fibre-matrix structure. \newline Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is a powerful method to simulate the fluid flow at the molecular level, it has been applied successfully in many fields including hydrodynamics and demonstrated surprising results at nanoscale which is different from their macroscopic counterparts. In this study we use MD to investigate the permeable characteristics of nano-particle in a quasi-periodic ultra-structure of the endothelial glycocalyx. As the first attempt, fibre-matrix is simplified as a two dimensional periodic system in which the colloidal particles, fluid solvent, fibers are all treated as atomic systems, and the study is focused on the effect of particle size on particle motion in fiber matrix

Formation and Evolution of Supermassive Black Holes

The correlation between the mass of supermassive black holes in galaxy nuclei and the mass of the galaxy spheroids or bulges (or more precisely their central velocity dispersion), suggests a common formation scenario for galaxies and their central black holes. The growth of bulges and black holes can commonly proceed through external gas accretion or hierarchical mergers, and are both related to starbursts. Internal dynamical processes control and regulate the rate of mass accretion. Self-regulation and feedback are the key of the correlation. It is possible that the growth of one component, either BH or bulge, takes over, breaking the correlation, as in Narrow Line Seyfert 1 objects. The formation of supermassive black holes can begin early in the universe, from the collapse of Population III, and then through gas accretion. The active black holes can then play a significant role in the re-ionization of the universe. The nuclear activity is now frequently invoked as a feedback to star formation in galaxies, and even more spectacularly in cooling flows. The growth of SMBH is certainly there self-regulated. SMBHs perturb their local environment, and the mergers of binary SMBHs help to heat and destroy central stellar cusps. The interpretation of the X-ray background yields important constraints on the history of AGN activity and obscuration, and the census of AGN at low and at high redshifts reveals the downsizing effect, already observed for star formation. History appears quite different for bright QSO and low-luminosity AGN: the first grow rapidly at high z, and their number density decreases then sharply, while the density of low-luminosity objects peaks more recently, and then decreases smoothly.Comment: 31 pages, 13 figures, review paper for Astrophysics Update

Integrating sequence and array data to create an improved 1000 Genomes Project haplotype reference panel

A major use of the 1000 Genomes Project (1000GP) data is genotype imputation in genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Here we develop a method to estimate haplotypes from low-coverage sequencing data that can take advantage of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray genotypes on the same samples. First the SNP array data are phased to build a backbone (or 'scaffold') of haplotypes across each chromosome. We then phase the sequence data 'onto' this haplotype scaffold. This approach can take advantage of relatedness between sequenced and non-sequenced samples to improve accuracy. We use this method to create a new 1000GP haplotype reference set for use by the human genetic community. Using a set of validation genotypes at SNP and bi-allelic indels we show that these haplotypes have lower genotype discordance and improved imputation performance into downstream GWAS samples, especially at low-frequency variants. © 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved

Search for new particles in the two-jet decay channel with the D0 detector

We present the results of a search for the production of new particles decaying into two jets in pbarp collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.8 TeV, using the DZero 1992-1995 data set corresponding to 109 pb^-1. We exclude at the 95% confidence level the production of excited quarks (q*) with masses below 775 GeV/c^2, the most restictive limit to date. We also exclude standard-model-like W' (Z') bosons with masses between 300 and 800 GeV/c^2 (400 and 640 GeV/c^2). A W' boson with mass $<$ 300 GeV/c^2 has been excluded by previous measurements, and our lower limit is therefore the most stringent to date