L'expression des gènes du système rénine angiotensine (SRA) dans les tubules proximaux de rein de rats diabétiques (type I) et de rats spontanément hypertenseurs (SHR)

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal

Développement d'un réacteur intensifié en Carbure de Silicium pour la transposition en continu de réactions d'hydrosilylation

De nos jours, les limites du réacteur batch, outil conventionnel de l'industrie de la chimie fine, en termes de transfert thermique et de transfert de matière, conduisent à envisager le passage en continu de réactions dont les problématiques d'exothermie et de rapidité rendent leur industrialisation difficile. Les réacteurs-échangeurs compacts sont un exemple de technologies intensifiées continues alliant les performances d'un échangeur de chaleur couplées à un bon mélange ainsi qu'à un comportement de type piston offert par le design spécifique de leurs canaux. L'objectif de ces travaux est de démontrer la faisabilité de la transposition en continu d'une réaction fondamentale de la chimie des silicones, recensée comme l'une des plus exothermiques, dans un réacteur-échangeur intensifié conçu dans un matériau innovant : le Carbure de Silicium. La démarche a consisté à étudier les différentes phases de la réaction à plusieurs échelles afin de construire un modèle cinétique. L'exploitation de ce modèle a permis de définir les conditions optimales de la réaction permettant de répondre aux contraintes industrielles en termes de conversion, de consommation de catalyseur et de production industrielle. Enfin, une démarche d'optimisation et d'extrapolation du réacteur a été mise en place pour le pilotage industriel de la réaction étudiée. ABSTRACT : Nowadays in the field of fine chemistry, limitations of conventional batch reactors in term of heat and mass transfer lead to increase the interest in the transposition of reactions from batch to continuous mode. It is particularly the case of fast and highly exothermic reactions as they raise safety issues in batch reactor. Compact heat-exchanger reactors (HEX reactor) are an example of continuous intensified technologies as they offer the heat transfer performances of heat exchangers coupled with high mixing and plug-flow behaviour, thanks to specific designs of channels. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the feasibility of the transposition of a fast and highly exothermic hydrosilylation reaction, a fundamental method for the industrial synthesis of organosilicon compounds, into a continuous heat-exchanger reactor made of a very innovative material: the silicone carbide. The methodology adopted consists in investigating hydrosilylation kinetics studies at different residence time scales. Then kinetics modelling and optimisation allow defining the features for process industrialization. Industrials objectives in terms of conversion and catalyst reduction are reached with a shorter time. Moreover the outstanding heat transfer performances of the HEX reactor, which entirely absorb the high exothermicity, successfully demonstrate the feasibility of the transposition into continuou

Traitement de données linguistiques dans un problème de décision multicritère

The aim of this paper is to provide a conceptual framework to deal with qualitative data in multicriteria analysis. The theory of fuzzy subsets is applied to this problem. But instead of resorting to the usual interval [0, 1], the two proposed methods call in this case for a discrete scale, the degrees of which are linguistic attributs.Le but de ce travail est de proposer un cadre conceptuel à l’ analyse multicritère de données qualitatives. La théorie des sous-ensembles flous est appliquée à ce problème. Mais au lieu d’utiliser l’ intervalle [0, 1], les deux méthodes proposées ici utilisent une échelle dont les échelons sont des attributs purement qualitatifs

AUGMENT : a phase III study of lenalidomide plus rituximab versus placebo plus rituximab in relapsed or refractory indolent lymphoma

PURPOSE Patients with indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma typically respond well to first-line immunochemotherapy. At relapse, single-agent rituximab is commonly administered. Data suggest the immunomodulatory agent lenalidomide could increase the activity of rituximab. METHODS A phase III, multicenter, randomized trial of lenalidomide plus rituximab versus placebo plus rituximab was conducted in patients with relapsed and/or refractory follicular or marginal zone lymphoma. Patients received lenalidomide or placebo for 12 cycles plus rituximab once per week for 4 weeks in cycle 1 and day 1 of cycles 2 through 5. The primary end point was progression-free survival per independent radiology review. RESULTS A total of 358 patients were randomly assigned to lenalidomide plus rituximab (n = 178) or placebo plus rituximab (n = 180). Infections (63% v 49%), neutropenia (58% v 23%), and cutaneous reactions (32% v 12%) were more common with lenalidomide plus rituximab. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia (50% v 13%) and leukopenia (7% v 2%) were higher with lenalidomide plus rituximab; no other grade 3 or 4 adverse event differed by 5% or more between groups. Progression-free survival was significantly improved for lenalidomide plus rituximab versus placebo plus rituximab, with a hazard ratio of 0.46 (95% CI, 0.34 to 0.62; P < .001) and median duration of 39.4 months (95% CI, 22.9 months to not reached) versus 14.1 months (95% CI, 11.4 to 16.7 months), respectively. CONCLUSION Lenalidomide improved efficacy of rituximab in patients with recurrent indolent lymphoma, with an acceptable safety profile

¿Pueden los indicadores existentes medir el impacto de la crisis económica en los servicios sociales básicos? Un análisis de los indicadores en la provincia de Barcelona (2007-2013)

Este artículo se enmarca en el ámbito de la evaluación de los servicios sociales básicos, como herramienta de gestión y como base para la reflexión sobre los objetivos de los servicios sociales como política social. Se ponen en relación indicadores del sistema de servicios sociales (Círculos de Comparación Intermunicipal de Barcelona) con indicadores del contexto socioeconómico entre 2007 y 2013 para analizar las interrelaciones entre los resultados de ambas tipologías y su adecuación para evaluar el cumplimiento de las funciones asignadas a los servicios sociales. También se reflexiona sobre la capacidad de los indicadores para medir el impacto de la acción de los servicios sociales básicos, sobre la necesidad de incorporar el análisis cruzado, para así obtener información relevante para la toma de decisiones y sobre si los indicadores existentes tienen las características para evaluar la eficacia de los servicios sociales básicos, de acuerdo con las funciones y el rol que se les asigna

Développement d'un réacteur intensifié en Carbure de Silicium pour la transposition en continu de réactions d'hydrosilylation

De nos jours, les limites du réacteur batch, outil conventionnel de l'industrie de la chimie fine, en termes de transfert thermique et de transfert de matière, conduisent à envisager le passage en continu de réactions dont les problématiques d'exothermie et de rapidité rendent leur industrialisation difficile. Les réacteurs-échangeurs compacts sont un exemple de technologies intensifiées continues alliant les performances d'un échangeur de chaleur couplées à un bon mélange ainsi qu'à un comportement de type piston offert par le design spécifique de leurs canaux. L'objectif de ces travaux est de démontrer la faisabilité de la transposition en continu d'une réaction fondamentale de la chimie des silicones, recensée comme l'une des plus exothermiques, dans un réacteur-échangeur intensifié conçu dans un matériau innovant : le Carbure de Silicium. La démarche a consisté à étudier les différentes phases de la réaction à plusieurs échelles afin de construire un modèle cinétique. L'exploitation de ce modèle a permis de définir les conditions optimales de la réaction permettant de répondre aux contraintes industrielles en termes de conversion, de consommation de catalyseur et de production industrielle. Enfin, une démarche d'optimisation et d'extrapolation du réacteur a été mise en place pour le pilotage industriel de la réaction étudiée.Nowadays in the field of fine chemistry, limitations of conventional batch reactors in term of heat and mass transfer lead to increase the interest in the transposition of reactions from batch to continuous mode. It is particularly the case of fast and highly exothermic reactions as they raise safety issues in batch reactor. Compact heat-exchanger reactors (HEX reactor) are an example of continuous intensified technologies as they offer the heat transfer performances of heat exchangers coupled with high mixing and plug-flow behaviour, thanks to specific designs of channels. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the feasibility of the transposition of a fast and highly exothermic hydrosilylation reaction, a fundamental method for the industrial synthesis of organosilicon compounds, into a continuous heat-exchanger reactor made of a very innovative material: the silicone carbide. The methodology adopted consists in investigating hydrosilylation kinetics studies at different residence time scales. Then kinetics modelling and optimisation allow defining the features for process industrialization. Industrials objectives in terms of conversion and catalyst reduction are reached with a shorter time. Moreover the outstanding heat transfer performances of the HEX reactor, which entirely absorb the high exothermicity, successfully demonstrate the feasibility of the transposition into continuousTOULOUSE-INP (315552154) / SudocSudocFranceF

Contribution to the knowledge of 'banquettes' ofPosidonia oceanica(l.) Delile in Sardinia Island

In the framework of the Sardinia and Corsica Interreg II Project, a study on the dead leaves ofPosidonia oceanica, washed up along the beaches and forming banquettes, was carried out in different sites of the 2 islands. As far as Sardinia is concerned, biomass, biochemical composition (including heavy metals), detrital fractions and sand contents of the banquettes were investigated

Biodiversity analysis in plant genomes: An innovative capture approach to characterize targeted region of interest

In a context of climate change, population growth and limited energy resources, plant genomes knowledge is essential for a better understanding of mechanisms driving plant adaptation and evolution. Deciphering plant genomes is one of the strategic approaches. However, this remains challenging due to the high level of complexity of plant genomes in terms of size, polyploidy levels and repetitive elements contents. Moreover, due to high intra-species variability, a single reference genome is not enough to understand complex biological processes, such as resistance to biotic or abiotic stresses. Understanding the link between a genomic region and a phenotype of interest requires a reliable sequence information from the specific cultivar carrying this trait of interest. Due to the evolution of Long-Read Sequencing technology (Pacific Biosciences or Oxford Nanopore Technology) in term of chemistry and cost, genome information become more accessible. However, the cost of whole genome sequencing can remain high due to the complexity of plants, especially to study multiple genotypes at once. Focusing on a genomic region of interest is an alternative solution for diversity analysis. Here we present an update of an innovative sequence capture approach aiming at targeting large DNA fragments in eukaryote genomes. This strategy is adapted from the CRISPR-Cap method (Cas9-Assisted Targeting of Chromosomal segments) described by Lee and al. in 2018. CNRGV adapted this protocol by using a Cas9 enzyme deprived of its endonuclease function coupled to a cluster of gRNA specific to the region of interest to be captured. We present the efficiency of this strategy to: (i) characterize complex viruses' insertions in banana genome and (ii) identify the sex locus in grapevine