Interdependent energy relationships between buildings at the street scale

Oppgaven tar for seg en analyse av etterforsyning av flytende oksygen(LOX) til C-130J i internasjonale operasjoner og er gjennomført som en case-studie av NORTAD2. Hensikten med undersøkelsen er å anbefale det etterforsyningskonseptet som vil sikre tilgang på LOX til NORTAD3 og som i fremtiden vil kunne benyttes i liknende operasjonsområder. Studien drøfter tre konseptuelt ulike løsninger for etterforsyning: obtain in the battlefield, ship to the forces og carry with the troops, avgrenset til responssyklusen fra siste leverandør til sluttbruker. Først gjøres det en analyse av dagens løsning obtain in the battlefield med lokal leveranse fra leverandøren Air Liquid. Analysen er gjennomført med utgangspunkt i teori fra fagområdet logistikk. I teorien identifiseres det tre hovedutfordringer: usikkerhet knyttet til kvalitet, ledetid og sikkerhet, spesialtilpasning av responssyklusen for et heterogent produkt og organisering av kjeden. Drøftingen tar utgangspunkt i de identifiserte problemene og søker å finne løsninger som kan redusere disse. Den første løsningen som drøftes er ship to the forces ved etterforsyning fra Las Palmas eller nærmeste tilgjengelige flyplass med godkjent LOX. Løsningen vil redusere usikkerhet knyttet til de nevnte faktorene, men imidlertid forlenge ledetiden til to dager. Samtidig reduseres behovet for LOX-spesifikt materiell og personell, og således reduserer ressursbruken. I tillegg vil arbeidet i forkant av bidraget minskes, men tvert imot øke det administrative arbeidet underveis. Løsningen vil by på en prioritering av operativ tilgjengelighet på flymaskinen og redusert usikkerhet. Løsningen anbefales ikke som det primære etterforsyningskonseptet da operativ tilgjengelighet vil være en prioritet. Videre drøftes en rotasjonsordning som et carry with the troops-konsept. Løsningen vil kunne redusere ledetiden ved rotasjon i Mali, men redusere Forsvarets totale fleksibilitet med tanke på transportflykapasitet. Her vil også behov for LOX-spesifikt materiell og personell reduseres. På den andre siden identifiseres det at løsningen vil skape god fleksibilitet for bidraget i forbindelse med LOG-flights og kan således styrke bidraget. Det antas at løsningens totale ressursbruk vil overstige dagens, men det anbefales å gjøre en grundig kost-nytte analyse av denne løsningen. Avslutningsvis drøftes forbedringer ved nåværende løsning. Her foreslås det å sikre operativ tilgjengelighet på lagertanken med en vedlikeholdsplan og utdanning på denne. Samtidig anbefales det investering i egen transportkapasitet for frakt av LOX for å redusere usikkerheten knyttet til leveransen og sikkerhet. Sist bør forståelsen for LOX økes i hele organisasjonen gjennom utdanning slik at å sikre etterforsyning prioriteres. Oppgavens konklusjon og anbefaling er å videreføre dagens løsning med noen utbedringer. Løsning ship to the forces anbefales som plan B. Samtidig bør det gjennomføres en kost-nytte analyse av carry with the troops

Creating sustainable cities one building at a time: towards an integrated urban design framework

One of the tenets of urban sustainability is that more compact urban forms that are more densely occupied are more efficient in their overall use of space and of energy. In many designs this has been translates into high-rise buildings with a focus on energy management at their outer envelopes. However, pursuing this building focused approach alone means that buildings are treated as stand-alone entities with minimal consideration to their impact on the surrounding urban landscape and vice versa. Where urban density is high, individual buildings interact with each other, reducing access to sunshine and daylight, obstructing airflow and raising outdoor air temperature. If/when each building pursues its own sustainability agenda without regard to its urban context, the result will diminish the natural energy resources available to nearby buildings and worsen the outdoor environment generally. This paper examines some of these urban impacts using examples from the City of London where rapid transformation is taking place as very tall buildings with exceptional energy credentials are being inserted into a low-rise city without a plan for the overall impact of urban form. The focus of the paper is on access to sunshine and wind and the wider implications of sustainable strategies that that focuses on individual buildings to the exclusion of the surrounding urban landscape. The work highlights the need for a framework that accounts for the synergistic outcomes that result from the mutual interactions of buildings in urban spaces

The G(1) cyclin Cln3 promotes cell cycle entry via the transcription factor Swi6

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae (budding yeast), commitment to cell division in late G1 is promoted by the G1 cyclin Cln3 and its associated cyclin-dependent kinase, Cdc28. We show here that all known aspects of the function of Cln3 in G1 phase, including control of cell size, pheromone sensitivity, cell cycle progress, and transcription, require the protein Swi6. Swi6 is a component of two related transcription factors, SBF and MBF, which are known to regulate many genes at the G1-S transition. The Cln3-Cdc28 complex somehow activates SBF and MBF, but there was no evidence for direct phosphorylation of SBF/MBF by Cln3-Cdc28 or for a stable complex between SBF/MBF and Cln3-Cdc28. The activation also does not depend on the ability of Cln3 to activate transcription when artificially recruited directly to a promoter. The amino terminus and the leucine zipper of Swi6 are important for the ability of Swi6 to respond to Cln3 but are not essential for the basal transcriptional activity of Swi6. Cln3-Cdc28 may activate SBF and MBF indirectly, perhaps by phosphorylating some intermediary protein

Urban form and function as building performance parameters

Copyright © 2013 Elsevier. NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Building and Environment . Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Building and Environment Vol. 62 (2013), DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.01.021The climate in cities differs significantly from those found in the surrounding area. These differences results from modifications of the Earth's surface that alters the disposition of “natural energy balance” at a micro-scale and the concentration of activities that results in anthropogenic emissions that change the composition of the atmosphere. These urban effects have distinctive temporal and spatial properties with different impacts on building energy performance depending on their purpose which are rarely accounted for. This paper examines performance implications of a change-of-use (from office to residential) in the context of the UK government's proposal to encourage regeneration and to meet housing needs. However, the diurnal occupation and activity patterns of these uses are distinct. For office buildings, with daytime occupation, focus is on the diurnal heating cycle driven by solar energy gains to which internal energy sources must be added. For residential buildings occupation and activity are primarily associated with the diurnal cooling period, and lower levels of activity that results in a primary heating need. This paper highlights the link between the timing of the urban climate effects, the urban setting and energy performance in a typical city street, where buildings are currently designed for commercial use. It employs London's current and projected climate to simulate heating and cooling demands. By studying the role of urban form and its implications on the suitability of a buildings function we find that a ‘form first’ approach should be considered in the early design stages over the standard ‘fabric first’ approach

Competitive advantage during industry 4.0: the case for South African manufacturing SMEs

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Uni- versity of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fullfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering. Johannesburg, May 2018With the expected disruption of industry 4.0 and the current challenges that SMEs face in South Africa, there is an increasing threat that SMEs will lose any competitive advantage they currently have. This exploratory study investigates how South African manufacturing SMEs can remain competitive during the fourth industrial revolution. Data, in the form of current literature, was analysed using thematic content analysis. From the analysis process, 8 emergent themes were used to organise the results of the study. Notable findings towards generating competitive advantage included: The location of SMEs within clusters, collaboration with disruption leaders, the sharing of outcomes across the value chain, the shift of business models towards a service and software orientation, the use of data driven insights to find and capture high margin markets and the increased effectiveness of labour through technology use. The study also found that the use of the IoT and cloud computing can significantly reduce infrastructure requirements and promote a competitive advantage.MT 201

Lori Futcher Living Memoirs Interview

Lori Futcher, a Southern alumna, spent a year as a student missionary in Majuro, Marshall Islands, where she served as a first-grade teacher. She shared her formative experiences that led to her decision to become a student missionary, as well as the lessons she learned during her time there. She described the unique culture of Majuro and how her experience shaped her relationship with God and other people. Majuro is the capital and largest urban area of the Marshall Islands, situated in the central Pacific Ocean. It is part of a larger group of islands, with the atoll comprising numerous small islands. Majuro is characterized by a tropical climate and is known for its vibrant community and rich cultural heritage, which includes traditional navigation skills passed down through generations. Majuro . Encyclopedia Britannica, 30 Dec. 2024, https://www.britannica.com/place/Majuro-atoll-Marshall-Islands. Accessed 10 February 2025