On Characterizing the Data Access Complexity of Programs

Technology trends will cause data movement to account for the majority of energy expenditure and execution time on emerging computers. Therefore, computational complexity will no longer be a sufficient metric for comparing algorithms, and a fundamental characterization of data access complexity will be increasingly important. The problem of developing lower bounds for data access complexity has been modeled using the formalism of Hong & Kung's red/blue pebble game for computational directed acyclic graphs (CDAGs). However, previously developed approaches to lower bounds analysis for the red/blue pebble game are very limited in effectiveness when applied to CDAGs of real programs, with computations comprised of multiple sub-computations with differing DAG structure. We address this problem by developing an approach for effectively composing lower bounds based on graph decomposition. We also develop a static analysis algorithm to derive the asymptotic data-access lower bounds of programs, as a function of the problem size and cache size

CUSTOMER SATISFACTION TOWARDS E- BANKING SERVICES -- A STUDY OF HDFC AND ICICI BANK

Banking during Roman times was not as we understand banking in modern times. During the Participate, the majority of banking activities were conducted by private individuals, and not by large banking corporations that exist today. Internet banking-Internet banking is changing the banking industry and is having the major effects on banking relationships. Banking is now no longer confined to the branches were one has to approach the branch in person, to withdraw cash or deposit a cheque or request a statement of accounts. In true Internet banking, any inquiry or transaction is processed online without any reference to the branch (anywhere banking) at any time. Providing Internet banking is increasingly becoming a "need to have" than a "nice to have" service

Assessment of Inflammatory Markers in Keelvayu Nivarana Churunam (KNC) Supplementation to Carrageenan-Induced Inflammatory Rats

The carrageenan-induced paw edema is a well-defined model of acute inflammation that a variety of inflammatory mediators involves in its development and has wildly been used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of natural products. The results of the current study suggested that KNC possessed anti-inflammatory effects in carrageenan-induced rats. The anti-inflammatory mechanism of KNC may be related to the reduction of oxidative stress markers as MDA, GPx, Catalase and inflammatory markers PGE2, NO2, TNFα, IL6, IL-10, Myloperoxidase and IgM. Furthermore, the protective effect of KNC may result from anti-oxidative effects. Our findings provide new perspectives on the therapeutic use KNC in the management of inflammatory diseases including arthritis. &nbsp

CUSTOMER SATISFACTION ON E-BANKING SERVICES (WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO STATE BANK OF INDIA (SBI), ARIYALUR BRANCH)

E-Banking is your personal banking service on the Internet, protected with bank identifiers. It is available anywhere, anytime. E-Banking allows you to pay invoices to Finnish and foreign recipients easily and securely. You can also check your account balances and transactions. You can order a new card, withdraw a loan granted to you and make mutual fund subscriptions. You access e-Banking services by obtaining bank identifiers. E-Banking as such is free of charge but commissions and fees in accordance with the service tariff will be levied on orders and other transactions carried out through e-Banking. E-Banking allows you to pay invoices to Finnish and foreign recipients easily and securely. You can also check your account balances and transactions. You can order a new card, withdraw a loan granted to you and make mutual fund subscriptions. You access e-Banking services by obtaining bank identifiers. E-Banking as such is free of charge but commissions and fees in accordance with the service tariff will be levied on orders and other transactions carried out through e-Banking. The password for online banking is normally not the same as for telephone banking. Financial institutions now routinely allocate customers numbers, whether or not customers have indicated an intention to access their online banking facility

Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Schiff base Cu(II) Complexes: Antimicrobial and Molecular docking Studies

N2O2 type complexes of C+2uion have been synthesized by the reaction of Salicylaldehyde/ 3,4-diaminobenzophenone/ acetyl acetoneand glutaric anhydride. The ligands and respective metal complexes was established through spectroscopic data (FT-IR, UV-Vis,1H NMR and 13C NMR). They are non-electrolytic in nature as their molar conductivities (ΛM) in DMSO of 10-3 M solution from the EPR study the complexes proposed to be octahedral geometry. All the metal complexes have been screened for their antibacterial activity andthe predicted binding affinity using molecular docking studies

Midgut microbiota of the malaria mosquito vector Anopheles gambiae and Interactions with plasmodium falciparum Infection

The susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to Plasmodium infections relies on complex interactions between the insect vector and the malaria parasite. A number of studies have shown that the mosquito innate immune responses play an important role in controlling the malaria infection and that the strength of parasite clearance is under genetic control, but little is known about the influence of environmental factors on the transmission success. We present here evidence that the composition of the vector gut microbiota is one of the major components that determine the outcome of mosquito infections. A. gambiae mosquitoes collected in natural breeding sites from Cameroon were experimentally challenged with a wild P. falciparum isolate, and their gut bacterial content was submitted for pyrosequencing analysis. The meta-taxogenomic approach revealed a broader richness of the midgut bacterial flora than previously described. Unexpectedly, the majority of bacterial species were found in only a small proportion of mosquitoes, and only 20 genera were shared by 80% of individuals. We show that observed differences in gut bacterial flora of adult mosquitoes is a result of breeding in distinct sites, suggesting that the native aquatic source where larvae were grown determines the composition of the midgut microbiota. Importantly, the abundance of Enterobacteriaceae in the mosquito midgut correlates significantly with the Plasmodium infection status. This striking relationship highlights the role of natural gut environment in parasite transmission. Deciphering microbe-pathogen interactions offers new perspectives to control disease transmission.Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD); French Agence Nationale pour la Recherche [ANR-11-BSV7-009-01]; European Community [242095, 223601]info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Development of a New RP-UPLC Method for the Determination of Rabeprazole Sodium in Pharmaceutical Formulation and Application in Dissolution Studies

Purpose: To develop a reverse phase ultra-performance liquid chromatographic (RP-UPLC) method for the estimation of rabeprazole sodium in tablet formulations.Methods: Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Waters Acquity BEH C18 (50 x 2.1 mm, particle size 1.7 μm) column using an isocratic method with mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) in the ratio of 35:65 (v/v). The flow rate was 0.4 ml/min, temperature of the column was maintained at ambient, injection volume was 5 μL and detection was made at 280 nm. The run time was as short as 2 min. Comparison of system performance with conventional HPLC was made with respect to analysis time, efficiency and sensitivity.Results: The developed method was linear for rabeprazole sodium from 0.03 - 30 μg/ml and the linear regression obtained was > 0.999. Precision, evaluated by intra- and inter-day assay,s had relative standard deviation (R.S.D) values within 1.5 %. Recovery data were in the range 98.0 - 101.5 % with R.S.D. values < 1.5 %.Conclusion: The method is precise, accurate, linear, robust and fast. The short retention time of 1.49 min allows the analysis of a large number of samples in a short period of time and, therefore, should be cost-effective for routine analysis in the pharmaceutical industry.Keywords: Ultra performance liquid chromatography, Assay, Rabeprazole sodium, Validatio

Proposing new variables for the identification of strategic groups in franchising

The identification of strategic groups in the Spanish franchising area is the main aim of this study. The authors have added some new strategic variables (not used before) to the study and have classified franchisors between sectors and distribution strategy. The results reveal the existence of four perfectly differentiated strategic groups (types of franchisors). One of the major implications of this study is that the variables that build a strategic group vary depending on the respective sector the network operates in and its distribution strategy. This fact indicates that including sector and distribution strategy is absolutely necessary to achieve good classifications of franchisor type

Protective Efficacy of Menthol Propylene Glycol Carbonate Compared to N, N-diethyl-Methylbenzamide Against Mosquito Bites in Northern Tanzania.

The reduction of malaria parasite transmission by preventing human-vector contact is critical in lowering disease transmission and its outcomes. This underscores the need for effective and long lasting arthropod/insect repellents. Despite the reduction in malaria transmission and outcomes in Tanzania, personal protection against mosquito bites is still not well investigated. This study sought to determine the efficacy of menthol propylene glycol carbonate (MR08), Ocimum suave as compared to the gold standard repellent N, N-diethyl-methylbenzamide (DEET), either as a single dose or in combination (blend), both in the laboratory and in the field against Anopheles gambiae s.l and Culex quinquefasciatus. In the laboratory evaluations, repellents were applied on one arm while the other arm of the same individual was treated with a base cream. Each arm was separately exposed in cages with unfed female mosquitoes. Repellents were evaluated either as a single dose or as a blend. Efficacy of each repellent was determined by the number of mosquitoes that landed and fed on treated arms as compared to the control or among them. In the field, evaluations were performed by human landing catches at hourly intervals from 18:00  hr to 01:00  hr. A total of 2,442 mosquitoes were collected during field evaluations, of which 2,376 (97.30%) were An. gambiae s.l while 66 (2.70%) were Cx. quinquefaciatus. MR08 and DEET had comparatively similar protective efficacy ranging from 92% to 100 for both single compound and blends. These findings indicate that MR08 has a similar protective efficacy as DEET for personal protection outside bed nets when used singly and in blends. Because of the personal protection provided by MR08, DEET and blends as topical applicants in laboratory and field situations, these findings suggest that, these repellents could be used efficiently in the community to complement existing tools. Overall, Cx. quinquefasciatus were significantly prevented from blood feeding compared to An. gambiae s.l. The incorporation of these topical repellents for protection against insect bites can be of additional value in the absence or presence of IRS and ITNs coverage. However, a combination of both the physical (bed nets) and the repellent should be used in an integrated manner for maximum protection, especially before going to bed. Additional research is needed to develop repellents with longer duration of protection