GGE biplot for stability and adaptability in cashew tree clones = GGE Biplot para estabilidade e adaptabilidade em clones de cajueiro

The interaction genotype versus environment makes it difficult the genetic improvement of the species for the selection of more adapted and stable genotypes. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate new clones of early dwarf cashews, in terms of stability and adaptability, employing the GGE biplot methodology. The experimental design was based on randomized blocks with four replications and 15 treatments (different clones). The variables evaluated were cashew production per plant (PCP), average mass of chashew (MMC) and early harvest (PRE). The clones G1 and G3 for MMC, G15, G2, G14 and G8 for PRE and G3, G10 and G2 for PCP approached the ideotype; the clones identified as top for each characteristic were not coincident; the majority of the clones were stable for MMC, while for PRE and PCP were not stable; the clone G4 had the best average in PRE, but with low stability; in the GGE biplot the environments A3 for MMC, A4 to PRE and A5 for PCP were the most discriminating; all environments had greater contribution in the differentiation of clones in PRE and MMC, for PCP were the environments A4 and A5; in relation at the average representativeness the environments A1 in MMC and A2 for PRE and PCP stood out. = A interação genótipos versus ambientes dificulta o melhoramento genético das espécies para a seleção de genótipos adaptados e estáveis. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar novos clones de cajueiro-anão precoce, quanto a estabilidade e adaptabilidade, empregando a metodologia Biplot GGE. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições e 15 tratamentos (diferentes clones). As variáveis avaliadas foram produção de castanha por planta (PCP), massa média de castanha (MMC) e precocidade de colheita (PRE). Os clones G1 e G3 para MMC; G15, G2, G14 e G8 para PRE e, G3, G10 e G2 para PCP se aproximaram do ideótipo; os clones identificados como superiores para cada característica não foram coincidentes; a maioria dos clones foram estáveis para MMC, enquanto que para PRE e PCP não foram estáveis; o clone G4 teve a melhor média em PRE, mas com baixa estabilidade; no GGE Biplot os ambientes A3 para MMC, A4 para PRE e A5 para PCP foram os mais discriminadores; todos os ambientes tiveram maior contribuição na diferenciação dos clones em PRE e MMC, para PCP foram os ambientes A4 e A5 e; em relação a representatividade média os ambientes A1 em MMC e A2 para PRE e PCP se destacaram

GGE biplot for stability and adaptability in cashew tree clones

The interaction genotype versus environment makes it difficult the genetic improvement of the species for the selection of more adapted and stable genotypes. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate new clones of early dwarf cashews, in terms of stability and adaptability, employing the GGE biplot methodology. The experimental design was based on randomized blocks with four replications and 15 treatments (different clones). The variables evaluated were cashew production per plant (PCP), average mass of chashew (MMC) and early harvest (PRE). The clones G1 and G3 for MMC, G15, G2, G14 and G8 for PRE and G3, G10 and G2 for PCP approached the ideotype; the clones identified as top for each characteristic were not coincident; the majority of the clones were stable for MMC, while for PRE and PCP were not stable; the clone G4 had the best average in PRE, but with low stability; in the GGE biplot the environments A3 for MMC, A4 to PRE and A5 for PCP were the most discriminating; all environments had greater contribution in the differentiation of clones in PRE and MMC, for PCP were the environments A4 and A5; in relation at the average representativeness the environments A1 in MMC and A2 for PRE and PCP stood out

Description of the pre-hospital service

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26694/2238-7234.6447-52 Objetivo: Descrever os tipos de atendimentos realizados pelo Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência – SAMU. Metodologia: Estudo documental, de coorte transversal, caráter descritivo de abordagem quantitativa. Realizado no SAMU de Picos-PI, no período de outubro de 2016 à julho de 2017. A amostra foi composta pela população atendida no período de 2012 à 2016. Os dados foram inseridos e tabulados no programa estatístico SPSS IBM (Statistical Packge for the Social Sciences), versão 20.0. A pesquisa foi aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Piauí, sob o parecer de número 2.269.392. Resultados: Do total de 20.627 atendimentos, 73% foram regulados para Unidade de Suporte Básico de vida e 27% para Unidade de Suporte Avançado de vida, 59,2% foram casos clínicos, 29,4% traumas, 3,3% obstétricos, cirúrgicos 0,4%, psiquiátricos 3,9%, 1,4% de pediátricos e remoções 2%. 51,8% dos atendimentos foram indivíduos do sexo masculino e 48,2% sexo feminino. Conclusão: Mediante dos agravos analisados, é perceptível que são decorrentes de causas evitáveis, o que destaca a necessidade de se manter os cuidados preventivo. Espera-se que os resultados demonstrados auxilie no processo de educação permanente afim de evitar agravos

Immunoglobulin, glucocorticoid, or combination therapy for multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a propensity-weighted cohort study

Background: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), a hyperinflammatory condition associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, has emerged as a serious illness in children worldwide. Immunoglobulin or glucocorticoids, or both, are currently recommended treatments. Methods: The Best Available Treatment Study evaluated immunomodulatory treatments for MIS-C in an international observational cohort. Analysis of the first 614 patients was previously reported. In this propensity-weighted cohort study, clinical and outcome data from children with suspected or proven MIS-C were collected onto a web-based Research Electronic Data Capture database. After excluding neonates and incomplete or duplicate records, inverse probability weighting was used to compare primary treatments with intravenous immunoglobulin, intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids, or glucocorticoids alone, using intravenous immunoglobulin as the reference treatment. Primary outcomes were a composite of inotropic or ventilator support from the second day after treatment initiation, or death, and time to improvement on an ordinal clinical severity scale. Secondary outcomes included treatment escalation, clinical deterioration, fever, and coronary artery aneurysm occurrence and resolution. This study is registered with the ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN69546370. Findings: We enrolled 2101 children (aged 0 months to 19 years) with clinically diagnosed MIS-C from 39 countries between June 14, 2020, and April 25, 2022, and, following exclusions, 2009 patients were included for analysis (median age 8·0 years [IQR 4·2–11·4], 1191 [59·3%] male and 818 [40·7%] female, and 825 [41·1%] White). 680 (33·8%) patients received primary treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin, 698 (34·7%) with intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids, 487 (24·2%) with glucocorticoids alone; 59 (2·9%) patients received other combinations, including biologicals, and 85 (4·2%) patients received no immunomodulators. There were no significant differences between treatments for primary outcomes for the 1586 patients with complete baseline and outcome data that were considered for primary analysis. Adjusted odds ratios for ventilation, inotropic support, or death were 1·09 (95% CI 0·75–1·58; corrected p value=1·00) for intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids and 0·93 (0·58–1·47; corrected p value=1·00) for glucocorticoids alone, versus intravenous immunoglobulin alone. Adjusted average hazard ratios for time to improvement were 1·04 (95% CI 0·91–1·20; corrected p value=1·00) for intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids, and 0·84 (0·70–1·00; corrected p value=0·22) for glucocorticoids alone, versus intravenous immunoglobulin alone. Treatment escalation was less frequent for intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids (OR 0·15 [95% CI 0·11–0·20]; p<0·0001) and glucocorticoids alone (0·68 [0·50–0·93]; p=0·014) versus intravenous immunoglobulin alone. Persistent fever (from day 2 onward) was less common with intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids compared with either intravenous immunoglobulin alone (OR 0·50 [95% CI 0·38–0·67]; p<0·0001) or glucocorticoids alone (0·63 [0·45–0·88]; p=0·0058). Coronary artery aneurysm occurrence and resolution did not differ significantly between treatment groups. Interpretation: Recovery rates, including occurrence and resolution of coronary artery aneurysms, were similar for primary treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin when compared to glucocorticoids or intravenous immunoglobulin plus glucocorticoids. Initial treatment with glucocorticoids appears to be a safe alternative to immunoglobulin or combined therapy, and might be advantageous in view of the cost and limited availability of intravenous immunoglobulin in many countries. Funding: Imperial College London, the European Union's Horizon 2020, Wellcome Trust, the Medical Research Foundation, UK National Institute for Health and Care Research, and National Institutes of Health