Upwelling regime off the Cabo Frio region in Brazil and impact on acoustic propagation

This work introduces a description of the complex upwelling regime off the Cabo Frio region in Brazil and shows that ocean modeling, based on the feature-oriented regional modeling system (FORMS) technique, can produce reliable predictions of sound speed fields for the corresponding shallow water environment. This work also shows, through the development of simulations, that the upwelling regime can be responsible for the creation of shadow coastal zones, in which the detection probability is too low for an acoustic source to be detected. The development of the FORMS technique and its validation with real data, for the particular region of coastal upwelling off Cabo Frio, reveals the possibility of a sustainable and reliable forecast system for the corresponding (variable in space and time) underwater acoustic environment. (C) 2018 Acoustical Society of AmericaBrazilian Navy; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)/Ciencias Sem Fronteiras [400671/2014-0]; European Union [OAEX-230855]; Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa (FAPERJ) [E-26/110.327/2012

Profissionalização do político: uma análise multidimensional dos deputados federais brasileiros

Introduction: The Political Science literature lacks a universally accepted criterion for evaluating the degree of professionalization among politicians. This article builds upon an index originally designed to assess the level of professionalization within the United Kingdom Parliament and subsequently refines and customizes it to suit the context of Brazilian federal deputies elected in the year 2014. Materials and Methods: The original professionalization index consists of four key dimensions: 1) level of commitment to a political career; 2) type of professional background prior to a parliamentary career; 3) age at which individuals entered Parliament (a proxy for life experience); and 4) political ambition. After applying this index to Brazilian parliamentarians who served in the 55th legislature, we conducted comparative tests to ascertain whether parliamentarians with higher political status exhibited a higher level of political professionalization when contrasted with their peers. To identify the high-status group, we relied on the classification by the Inter-Union Department of Parliamentary Assistance (DIAP), an organization that publishes an annual list of the top 100 Heads of the National Congress. Findings: Our study revealed statistically significant differences in favor of the most eminent parliamentarians. DIAP-awarded parliamentarians exhibited higher levels of professionalization than their counterparts in three out of the four dimensions analyzed (commitment to a political career, life experience, and political ambition). Discussion: With some necessary refinements, the professionalization index has proven to be consistent and effective in gauging the disparities between DIAP-awarded parliamentarians and their counterparts. The utilization of a multidimensional model is essential insofar as it not only enables us to define who qualifies as a professional politician, but also measure the extent of professionalization of a given politician.Introdução: Na literatura de Ciência Política não há um critério bem estabelecido para se medir o grau de profissionalização dos políticos. Este artigo revisa um índice proposto para avaliar a profissionalização dos membros do Parlamento do Reino Unido adaptando-o ao caso dos deputados federais brasileiros eleitos em 2014. Materiais e métodos: O índice original de profissionalização é composto por quatro dimensões: 1) grau de comprometimento com a carreira; 2) tipo de background profissional antes de ingressar na atividade parlamentar; 3) idade de entrada no Legislativo (uma proxy para experiência de vida); e 4) ambição política. Após a aplicação do índice aos parlamentares brasileiros que serviram na 55ª legislatura, foram feitos testes de comparação de médias para verificar se os legisladores com status político alto possuíam um grau de profissionalização maior do que os demais. Foi utilizado para separar o grupo de status alto a classificação do Departamento Intersindical de Assessoria Parlamentar (DIAP) que anualmente publica a lista dos 100 Cabeças do Congresso Nacional. Resultados: Há uma diferença estatisticamente significativa a favor dos deputados de maior destaque. Os parlamentares premiados pelo DIAP são mais profissionais do que os não premiados em três das quatro dimensões analisadas (comprometimento com a carreira, experiência de vida e ambição política). Discussão: Com as devidas adaptações, o índice de profissionalização mostrou-se consistente e capaz de capturar a distância entre os parlamentares premiados e não premiados pelo DIAP. O uso de um modelo multidimensional é fundamental, pois, mais do que definir quem é ou não político profissional, ele permite medir o quão profissional um determinado político é

Legitimidade e efetividade em arranjos institucionais de políticas públicas: o Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida

Resumo:O presente trabalho pergunta se os arranjos institucionais do novo programa habitacional do país, denominado "Minha Casa Minha Vida" (PMCMV), são democráticos e efetivos, ou seja, se incentivam a participação mais ampla de uma pluralidade de atores e se favorecem a implementação e o alcance das metas propostas. A pesquisa empírica permitiu concluir que tais arranjos foram favoráveis ao alcance das metas, mas apresentam déficits democráticos na medida em que atores sociais relevantes na área, como os movimentos populares e os grupos organizados de especialistas em temas urbanos, não têm tido suas demandas contempladas

Previsão numérica da perda do sinal acústico submarino na região da ressurgência costeira de Cabo Frio, RJ

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal Fluminense, Instituto de Geociências, Niterói, 2015Bibliografia: p.79-8

Acoustic prediction using a feature-oriented regional modeling system and acoustic inversion

Orientador : Prof. Dr. Leandro CaladoMonografia (graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Centro de Estudos do Mar, Curso de OceanografiaAbstract: Acoustic predictions usually suffer from uncertainties in ocean forecasts, due to the extreme sensitivity of acoustic propagation to the ocean environment. In this regard, the acoustic prediction systems require the best possible specification of initial conditions, demanding high accuracy and synopticity on the ocean circulation modeling. The current work assesses the feasibility of combining a Feature-Oriented Regional Modeling System (FORMS) with acoustic inversion outcomes, for acoustic prediction in the Cabo Frio (Brazil) coastal area. First, the oceanographic prediction model is tested for acoustic applications. Two numerical acoustic simulations were performed, with an acoustic model having as input two different initial fields: i) in situ hydrographic data from the OAEx10 sea trial, and ii) the oceanographic modeling system outputs. The simulations were compared in terms of transmission loss (TL), detection probability and acoustic channel impulse response. The TL differences exhibit standard deviations ranging between 2.29 and 4.32 dB, demonstrating the feature-oriented regional model skill for sonar applications. The quality of the results degrades with distance, as observed in correlations between the impulse responses. This can be explained by an accumulation of forecast error effects during propagation. Another interesting result is that the coastal upwelling may prevent the detection of submarine targets. The second stage of this work concerned acoustic data-model comparison, for OAEx10. Experimental impulse responses correlated fairly well with modeled ones corresponding to the forecasts, with values between 0.72 and 0.89. In an attempt to increase these values, the acoustic data was inverted, for the basement compressional speed, whose estimates led to increased impulse response correlations of as high as 0.96. In summary, the prediction of the acoustic field can be well accomplished by combining a FORMS technique with an acoustic inversion scheme. Keywords: Acoustic prediction, feature model, acoustic inversion, coastal upwelling, model validatio

Acoustic prediction using a feature-oriented regional modeling system and acoustic inversion

Orientador : Prof. Dr. Leandro CaladoMonografia (graduação) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Terra, Centro de Estudos do Mar, Curso de OceanografiaAbstract: Acoustic predictions usually suffer from uncertainties in ocean forecasts, due to the extreme sensitivity of acoustic propagation to the ocean environment. In this regard, the acoustic prediction systems require the best possible specification of initial conditions, demanding high accuracy and synopticity on the ocean circulation modeling. The current work assesses the feasibility of combining a Feature-Oriented Regional Modeling System (FORMS) with acoustic inversion outcomes, for acoustic prediction in the Cabo Frio (Brazil) coastal area. First, the oceanographic prediction model is tested for acoustic applications. Two numerical acoustic simulations were performed, with an acoustic model having as input two different initial fields: i) in situ hydrographic data from the OAEx10 sea trial, and ii) the oceanographic modeling system outputs. The simulations were compared in terms of transmission loss (TL), detection probability and acoustic channel impulse response. The TL differences exhibit standard deviations ranging between 2.29 and 4.32 dB, demonstrating the feature-oriented regional model skill for sonar applications. The quality of the results degrades with distance, as observed in correlations between the impulse responses. This can be explained by an accumulation of forecast error effects during propagation. Another interesting result is that the coastal upwelling may prevent the detection of submarine targets. The second stage of this work concerned acoustic data-model comparison, for OAEx10. Experimental impulse responses correlated fairly well with modeled ones corresponding to the forecasts, with values between 0.72 and 0.89. In an attempt to increase these values, the acoustic data was inverted, for the basement compressional speed, whose estimates led to increased impulse response correlations of as high as 0.96. In summary, the prediction of the acoustic field can be well accomplished by combining a FORMS technique with an acoustic inversion scheme. Keywords: Acoustic prediction, feature model, acoustic inversion, coastal upwelling, model validatio

El poder de los "Cabezas del Congreso": estudio sobre la ambición política y las chances electorales de los premiados del DIAP

Disponível nas versões em português, inglês e espanhol.Parte do dossiê Sistema Polí­tico Brasileiro, parceria entre CEFOR, IMPA e EPRG-UnB.Analisa os deputados federais brasileiros eleitos em 2014 com foco nos "Cabeças do Congresso", isto é, naqueles parlamentares indicados pelo Departamento Intersindical de Assessoria Parlamentar (DIAP) como os mais atuantes na 55ª legislatura (2015-2018). Considerando o mapeamento elaborado pelo DIAP como um indicador indireto de relevância e de influência no Legislativo, o estudo investiga primeiramente a relação entre ser ou não ser um “Cabeça” do Congresso Nacional e a ambição política do deputado (se progressiva, estática ou regressiva) e, em seguida, se esse maior capital político se traduz em vantagens competitivas nas disputas eleitorais subsequentes (2016, 2018 e 2020)