Will artificial intelligence be “better” than humans in the management of syncope?

Clinical decision-making regarding syncope poses challenges, with risk of physician error due to the elusive nature of syncope pathophysiology, diverse presentations, heterogeneity of risk factors, and limited therapeutic options. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based techniques, including machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and natural language processing (NLP), can uncover hidden and nonlinear connections among syncope risk factors, disease features, and clinical outcomes. ML, DL, and NLP models can analyze vast amounts of data effectively and assist physicians to help distinguish true syncope from other types of transient loss of consciousness. Additionally, short-term adverse events and length of hospital stay can be predicted by these models. In syncope research, AI-based models shift the focus from causality to correlation analysis between entities. This prompts the search for patterns rather than defining a hypothesis to be tested a priori. Furthermore, education of students, doctors, and health care providers engaged in continuing medical education may benefit from clinical cases of syncope interacting with NLP-based virtual patient simulators. Education may be of benefit to patients. This article explores potential strengths, weaknesses, and proposed solutions associated with utilization of ML and DL in syncope diagnosis and management. Three main topics regarding syncope are addressed: 1) clinical decision-making; 2) clinical research; and 3) education. Within each domain, we question whether "AI will be better than humans," seeking evidence to support our objective inquiry

Selected issues of transportation and loading animals on the farm in the opinion of farmer

The paper aims to present opinions of farmers on selected issues related to transportation and loading animals on the farm. The research was conducted in 2017 using a questionnaire survey in 68 farms, mainly keeping cattle and pigs. Farmers declared more frequent use of specialized vehicles for transporting animals that provide such services (mainly for slaughter) than their own means of transport. According to the respondents, the family and drivers of vehicles transporting animals provided evidence of assistance in loading animals. During the loading, ramps of various types were used most often, mainly car with full covers (less frequent elevators), and various devices supporting the movement of animals. Loading usually took place in silence, although there was a difference between the loading of pigs and cattle. Pigs made loud noises much more often, and the urging of animals to move is usually done by voice. In terms of interest in the fate of animals leaving the farm, there was a significant difference.</jats:p