FM/CW radar system

An FM/CW radar system is presented with improved noise discrimination in which the received signal is multiplied by a sample of the transmitted signal, and the product signal is employed to deflect a laser beam as a function of frequency. The position of the beam is thus indicative of a discrete frequency, and it is detected by the frequency encoded positions of an array of photodiodes. The outputs of the photodiodes are scanned, then threshold detected, and used to obtain the range and velocity of a target

Real-time video correlator

Device provides two-dimensional correlation of video data. Operation is reliable, accurate, and predictable

Un nuevo género para Habrothrix angustidens y Akodon serrensis (RODENTIA, CRICETIDAE): de nuevo palentología y neontología se encuentran en el legado de Lund

We describe a new genus of sigmodontine rodent to allocate a fossil species from Lagoa Santa cave deposits, Habrothrix angustidens Winge, and a living species from southeastern Atlantic Forest described at the start of the past century, Akodon serrensis Thos. Tentatively, both forms are considered as synonyms pending a detailed revision of the genus. The new genus belongs to the Akodon Division of the diverse tribe Akodontini where, based on molecular evidence, it is sister to Thaptomys, another forest-dwelling akodontine. The new genus is characterized by a unique combination of morphological traits including tail shorter than head-and-body; manual and pedal digits with short claws; skull robust with pointed rostrum, broad and somewhat flat interorbital region with frontal borders divergent posteriorly, and enlarged braincase without crests; large incisive foramina with expanded palatal process of premaxillary; broad mesopterygoid fossa with anterior margin rounded; alisphenoid strut present; carotid arterial circulation pattern primitive; molars noticeably large in relation to the skull and moderately hypsodont; main molar cusps arranged in opposite pairs; first upper molar without anteromedian flexus; length of third lower molar subequal to those of second lower molar; mandible without distinct capsular process; gall bladder present; stomach unilocular and hemiglandular; 2n = 46 (FN = 46). The new genus is an Atlantic Forest endemic, indicating that the diversity of Akodontini has been overlooked outside of the Andes.Describimos un nuevo género de roedor sigmodontino para ubicar una especie fósil de los depósitos de Lagoa Santa, Habrothrix angustidens Winge y una especie viviente del sudeste de la Selva Atlántica descripta en los comienzos de la centuria pasada, Akodon serrensis Thos. Tentativamente, ambas formas son consideradas sinónimos a la espera de una revisión detallada de la diversidad del género. El nuevo género pertenece a la División Akodon de la diversa tribu Akodontini donde, sobre la base de evidencia molecular, resulta hermano de Thaptomys, otro akodontino especialista de selva. El nuevo género se caracteriza por una combinación única de rasgos morfológicos incluyendo una cola más corta que el largo cabeza-cuerpo, garras de los dedos de la mano y el pie cortas, cráneo robusto con rostro puntiagudo, región interorbitaria ancha y algo chata con los bordes frontales divergentes hacia atrás y caja craneana agrandada y sin crestas, forámenes incisivos expandidos con proceso palatal del premaxilar bien desarrollado, fosa mesopterigoidea ancha con el borde anterior redondeado, barra alisfenoidea presente, patrón de circulación carotídea primitivo, molares notablemente grandes en relación a las proporciones del cráneo y moderadamente hipsodontes, principales cúspides de los molares dispuestas en pares opuestos, primer molar superior carente de flexo anteromediano, largo del tercer molar inferior subigual al del segundo molar inferior, mandíbula sin proyección capsular evidente, vesícula biliar presente, estómago unilocular-hemiglandular, 2n = 46 (FN = 46). El nuevo género es endémico de la Selva Atlántica indicando una insospechada diversidad de los Akodontini en regiones extraandinas.Fil: Pardiñas, Ulises Francisco J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral; ArgentinaFil: Geise, Lena. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier; BrasilFil: Ventura, Karen. Universidade Federal de Itajubá; BrasilFil: Lessa, Gissele. Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Brasi

Personal growth and personality development : well-being and ego development

The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file.Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 12, 2009)Thesis (M.A.) University of Missouri-Columbia 2008.Personal growth is conceptualized as the phenomenological experience of self-directed growth, which has been found to be related to positive functioning. The question remains, does the phenomenological experience of personal growth also relate to actual personality development? The current research assessed personal growth, well-being (both psychological well-being and subjective well-being), and ego development in two studies. Study 1 assessed a sample of 176 community adults and found that personal growth was related to both ego development and life satisfaction. Study 2 followed a sample of 122 first year college students over the course of a year and a half. Again, personal growth was related to both ego development and subjective well-being, concurrently. Further, Study 2 also explored the prospective relationships between personal growth, well-being, and ego development. Only subjective well-being at Time 1 uniquely predicted personal growth at Time 2. Results are discussed in reference to personal growth, personality development, and maturity.Includes bibliographical reference

Pilot scale study of chlorination-induced transport property changes of a seawater reverse osmosis membrane

A pilot-scale study was performed to assess variations of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane water permeance (A) and salt retention (Robs) induced by chlorination and to compare them with those observed at the lab-scale. A chlorination protocol was adapted to expose only the surface active layer (an aromatic polyamide)of a composite RO membrane to consecutive free chlorine doses ranging from 40 to 4000 ppm h, at pH 6.9. Along the long-term filtration of seawater, performed with a 4" spiral wound RO module, we monitored the variations of A, the decrease of Robs and the rate of increase of A with time, and found themquantitatively similar to those reported in previous studies performed at the lab-scale under accelerated exposure conditions. The elemental analysis of the feed and permeate streams revealed that the rejection of divalent ions remained constant (ca. 100%), irrespective of the free chlorine dose reached, whereas the rejection of monovalent ions of the seawater (mainly sodium, chloride and bromide ions) decreased as the exposure dose increased. Overall, transposing the characterization procedure to the pilot-scale further supports that chlorination of PA, under pH conditions usually found in desalination plants (6.9 to 8.0), is controlled by the concentration of HOCl, as observed from elemental analysis of the surface by XPS

The interface between the stellar wind and interstellar medium around R Cassiopeiae revealed by far-infrared imaging

The circumstellar dust shells of intermediate initial-mass (about 1 to 8 solar masses) evolved stars are generated by copious mass loss during the asymptotic giant branch phase. The density structure of their circumstellar shell is the direct evidence of mass loss processes, from which we can investigate the nature of mass loss. We used the AKARI Infrared Astronomy Satellite and the Spitzer Space Telescope to obtain the surface brightness maps of an evolved star R Cas at far-infrared wavelengths, since the temperature of dust decreases as the distance from the star increases and one needs to probe dust at lower temperatures, i.e., at longer wavelengths. The observed shell structure and the star's known proper motion suggest that the structure represents the interface regions between the dusty wind and the interstellar medium. The deconvolved structures are fitted with the analytic bow shock structure to determine the inclination angle of the bow shock cone. Our data show that (1) the bow shock cone of 1 - 5 x 10^-5 solar masses (dust mass) is inclined at 68 degrees with respect to the plane of the sky, and (2) the dust temperature in the bow shock cone is raised to more than 20 K by collisional shock interaction in addition to the ambient interstellar radiation field. By comparison between the apex vector of the bow shock and space motion vector of the star we infer that there is a flow of interstellar medium local to R Cas whose flow velocity is at least 55.6 km/s, consistent with an environment conducive to dust heating by shock interactions.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic

The detached dust shells of AQ And, U Ant, and TT Cyg

Detached circumstellar dust shells are detected around three carbon variables using Herschel-PACS. Two of them are already known on the basis of their thermal CO emission and two are visible as extensions in IRAS imaging data. By model fits to the new data sets, physical sizes, expansion timescales, dust temperatures, and more are deduced. A comparison with existing molecular CO material shows a high degree of correlation for TT Cyg and U Ant but a few distinct differences with other observables are also found.Comment: Letter accepted for publication on the A&A Herschel Special Issu

Reaction of Certain Diploid and Tetraploid Alfalfas to Some Phytopathogens Including the Blackstem Disease

Alfalfa in South Dakota as in other parts of the United States and the world is adversely affected by a disease known as Blackstem. This disease is induced by one or more fungi or bacteria whose abundance depends as much on the high susceptibility of the current alfalfa varieties as on the weather. Differences in plant susceptibility to one of these microorganisms, Ascochyta imperfect, has already been shown to occur within and between alfalfa varieties or strains. Reitz working in Kansas obtained F1’s between highly resistant and highly susceptible plants that were intermediate in reaction to this fungus, and in a few crosses they noted a tendency of the resistant reactions of plants to be dominant over the susceptible. By inbreeding and hybridizing selected plants, they obtained a plant population with a higher resistance to this pathogen than the current varieties. Similar possibilities undoubtedly could exist for the other microorganisms including Blackstem, but no attempt has been made to date to determine this. Even for Ascochyta imperfecta, however, the preliminary work of Reitz, has never been extended or applied to the development of a commercial variety resistant to the disease. The purpose of the present study was to find out to what extent alfalfa plants differed in their reaction to the Blackstem disease induced by the various pathogens and to determine to what extent the reactions to these pathogens were heritable. If such plant differences could be shown to be heritable, an opportunity would thus be afforded to develop an alfalfa variety that resists the disease to a greater extent than any of those currently used. Field and greenhouse screening test accordingly, were conducted to measure plant reactions to three of the pathogens and the results obtained are presented herein

The Impact of Frayer Models in a Mathematics Classroom

The purpose of this action research study was to explore the impact that Frayer Models have on students’ attitudes towards mathematics. I conducted a two-week unit on transformations, where students were introduced to a classroom focused on academic language, supplementing their learning with Frayer Models for homework and in-class assessments. I assessed their attitudes towards mathematics before and after the use of the Frayer Models, where I analyzed the effect that the Frayer Models had on the students and their use of academic language. It was evident that most of the students’ found the focus on academic language beneficial to their learning, thus positively affecting their attitude and confidence level with mathematics as a whole. Although some students did not find an appeal for Frayer Models as much as others, the models still helped students in the learning of the terms and developing a better understanding on mathematics being a reflective process involving reasoning and sense-making