Hard-wall Potential Function for Transport Properties of Alkali Metals Vapor

This study demonstrates that the transport properties of alkali metals are determined principally by the repulsive wall of the pair interaction potential function. The (hard-wall) Lennard-Jones(15-6) effective pair potential function is used to calculate transport collision integrals. Accordingly, reduced collision integrals of K, Rb, and Cs metal vapors are obtained from Chapman-Enskog solution of the Boltzman equation. The law of corresponding states based on the experimental-transport reduced collision integral is used to verify the validity of a LJ(15-6) hybrid potential in describing the transport properties. LJ(8.5-4) potential function and a simple thermodynamic argument with the input PVT data of liquid metals provide the required molecular potential parameters. Values of the predicted viscosity of monatomic alkali metals vapor are in agreement with typical experimental data with the average absolute deviation 2.97% for K in the range 700-1500 K, 1.69% for Rb, and 1.75% for Cs in the range 700-2000 K. In the same way, the values of predicted thermal conductivity are in agreement with experiment within 2.78%, 3.25%, and 3.63% for K, Rb, and Cs, respectively. The LJ(15-6) hybrid potential with a hard-wall repulsion character conclusively predicts best transport properties of the three alkali metals vapor.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figures, 41 reference

Plain concrete linearized stiffness diminution modeling subjected to different stresses-srain relationship models.

Linearized stiffness diminution, which is correlated with material damage characteristic, is the major parameters due to modeling of granular material behavior such as plain concrete subjected to cyclic loading. Many damage equations in tension and compression states are proposed in the literatures, however, they produces different damages considering the concepts of the equation's development without any capability of fitting and calibration of produced damages curves with any arbitrary test records. In the present paper, the new equations of concrete damages in the tension and compression state with calibration capability based on the two separated damage indices are developed based on linear interpolation hypothesis. In the result, it is shown that the present equations can be produced the damage parameters close to experimental data