REQUEST OF THE EUROPEAN DEVELOPMENT AND GLOBALIZATION: THE PAYMENT BASED ON SHARES (IFRS 2)

The share-based payment represents, for sure, a challenge for thebusiness world in Romania and will certaintly gain ground. The initialacknowledgement is made in compliance with the rules provided in the GeneralFrame for drawing up and presentation of the financial positions. In case that thepayment is effected before the reception of the goods or services, the entity willacknowledge an advance payment granted. Depending on the manner in which thesettlement will be done, the entity will acknowledge in counter-trade of the receivedgoods or services either an increase of capital, or a debt. The problem of accountingthe share options, especially those issued for the executive staff and for otheremployees of a company, in direct compensation for their efforts, has been disputedfor a long time.balance sheet, opening IFRS, previous GAAP, shares, financial instruments, fairvalue

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS - A MEASURE OF OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE ON AN ACCRUAL BASIS

Statement of cash flows presents useful information about changing the company's financial position, allowing to assess the enterprise’s ability to generate future cash flows and cash equivalents in the operating, investing and financing activities and their appropriate use. Treasury of an economic entity can be considered its strong point. The manner in which they manage money and financial flows, the final outcome will depend on the respective entity. Treasury is also an essential and main restriction of the financial management of the enterprise. Treasury embodies the results of operations and how to achieve financial balance of compliance. Not always an entity that ends year with benefits, has a positive cash (cash at bank and in availability). And this, because the gap between the recording and accounting of revenue and expenditure receipts and payments as they fall due, that gap can be decisive for the fate of the enterprise. This is a major requirement of the accrual. Therefore, an efficient management of the economic entity comprises both the asset management flows (revenues / expenses) and cash management, i.e. the flows of receipts and payments. The statistical evidence shows that most of the failures are due to weaknesses in treasury management

Transparency in financial statements (IAS/IFRS)

The provision of transparent and useful information on market participants and their transaction is essential for an orderly and efficient market, and it is one of the most important preconditions for imposing market discipline. Left to themselves, markets may not generate sufficient levels of disclosure. Market forces would normally balance the marginal benefits and marginal costs of additional information disclosure and the end result may not be what the market participants really need.peer-reviewe

Corporate Governance And International Financial Reporting Reference (Ifrs)

Between corporate governance and IFRS there is a causal relationship. Financial reporting is basedon managerial accountability. Corporate governance is the economic branch who studies how companies canbecome more efficient through the use of institutional structures such as: incorporation, organization andlegal framework. This branch is limited, in most cases, to studies on how shareholders can motivateexecutives to benefit the company through their efforts, resulting - finally - dividends. Starting from theglobal nature of the current crisis, we have considered as being necessary to point out its effects on thefinancial reporting and, implicitly, on the requirements for the corporate governance consolidation in order toensure the economic and financial stability desired. The macro-economic context favored the start of thecrisis, but the analysis made by experts showed other reasons for this, out of which some of the mostimportant are the corporate governance weaknesses and the insufficient means for protection against risks.We consider that these are reasons which ask for an objective analysis and a correct assessment of theregulatory process but also of the practice in the area corroborated with an invitation for a responsiblebehavior both of the entities management but also of the representatives of the accounting profession so muchinvolved in the correctness of the accounting reporting and therefore in the financial health of the entities

Transparency in Financial Statements (IAS/IFRS)

The provision of transparent and useful information on market partici-pants and their transaction is essential for an orderly and efficient market, and it is one of the most important preconditions for imposing market discipline. Left to themselves, markets may not generate sufficient levels of disclosure. Market forces would normally balance the marginal benefits and marginal costs of addi-tional information disclosure and the end result may not be what the market par-ticipants really need.Financial statements, balance sheet, income statements, cash flow statement, IAS/IFRS

Isotactic polypropylene–vapor grown carbon nanofibers composites: Electrical properties

Nanocomposites have been obtained by dispersing various amounts of vapor grown carbon nanofibers within isotactic polypropylene. Thermal investigations done by differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis revealed the effect of the vapor grown carbon nanofibers on the melting, crystallization, α, and β relaxations. Direct current electrical features of these nanocomposites have been investigated and related to the thermal features of these nanocomposites. The effect of the loading with carbon nanofibers on the electrical properties of these nanocomposites is discussed within the percolation theory. The percolation threshold was estimated at about 5.5% wt carbon nanofibers. The temperature dependence of the direct current conductivity is analyzed in detail and it is concluded that the electronic hopping is the dominant transport mechanism. A transition from one-dimensional hopping towards a three-dimensional hopping was noticed as the concentration of carbon nanofibers was increased from 10% wt to 20% wt carbon nanofiber. The possibility of a differential negative resistivity is suggested