Observations of a ^3He-rich SEP Event over a Broad Range of Heliographic Longitudes: Results from STEREO and ACE

Observations of energetic ions and electrons from STEREO and ACE have been used to investigate the longitudinal extent of particle emissions from 3He ‐rich solar energetic particle (SEP) events. In the event of 3–4 Nov 2008, ions and electrons were detected 20° ahead and behind the nominal connection from the source region to 1 AU, and electrons were also detected 60° ahead. The results are consistent with those of earlier studies that correlated data from near‐Earth spacecraft with Helios data or with observations of source regions on the Sun

Diverse ecological responses of foraminifera to the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO) in shallow-water settings (Provençal Domain, NW Italy)

The Bartonian sedimentary succession of the drowning ramp of the Provençal-Dauphinois Domain records the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum (MECO), the prominent global warming event, centered at ~40 Ma and lasting ~400–600 kyr. In this work, we study the response of foraminifera (planktic, smaller benthic and larger benthic foraminifera) as one of the main groups of marine calcifiers, highlighting their ecological behavior across the MECO climatic perturbation. Herein we present new data on the Olivetta San Michele section (NW Italy) across the MECO perturbance. We compare our findings with previous data from a wider geographic realm encompassing a large portion of the Provençal-Dauphinois ramp. The palaeoenvironmental reconstruction consists of slightly different depositional conditions in terms of riverine input, water depth, and distance from the mainland, which are reflected in faunal distribution. Nonetheless, the main part of the successions is interpreted as deposited within the photic zone and with a relatively high hydrodynamic regime. Planktic foraminiferal assemblages differ in the investigated successions both in abundance and diversity, suggesting major differences in the studied shallow-water setting. The variations in abundance of Subbotina and Acarinina appear to be controlled by both the MECO warming and a moderate increase of eutrophic conditions, related to an enhanced hydrological cycle. Shallow benthic communities, being already adapted to seasonal variations in salinity and temperature, proved to be resilient to long-term climatic perturbation. Their population shifts appear indeed directly impacted by changes in sedimentary rates and nutrient input modulated by the new hydrological cycle, in turn largely triggered by the warming

The Satisfaction of Higher Education Students with Sex Education Training: A Cross-Sectional Study

To maximize the potential of sex education, it is essential to optimize aspects related to the environment, the trainer-trainee interaction, and the quality of training. The objective of the present study was to identify and describe the satisfaction of higher education students with sex education training. An exploratory, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was carried out using the Student Satisfaction with Higher Education questionnaire, which was applied to a sample of 132 higher education students from several countries. In the statistical analysis using the SPSS software version 28, non-parametric tests were used, namely, the Mann-Whitney test and the Kruskal-Wallis test, in addition to Spearman's correlation coefficient. Overall, the participants considered themselves very satisfied with the sex education training provided (chi = 4.77). The largest contribution to the satisfaction of the higher education students with the sex education training was the "quality of the training organization (environment and content)" (chi = 4.79). Educators and policymakers have the role of designing, implementing, and evaluating programs that satisfy college students and encourage them to strive for more sex education training aimed at promoting well-being, happiness, and sexual health

Molecular detection of Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus in mosquitoes from La Pintada (Antioquia)

ABSTRACT Objective. The detection of emerging and re-emerging arboviruses in mosquitoes from urban and rural areas, is fundamental for predict possible epidemic outbreaks in human populations. The Municipality of La Pintada (Antioquia), is characterized by the presence of dry tropical forest relicts, fishing, tourism, farms and mining. An entomological research was performed for explore the possible circulation of arboviruses of public health importance. Materials and methods. Mosquitoes were captured in urban and rural sites in February-April of 2012. The specimens were stored in liquid nitrogens tanks and were grouped using taxonomic keys for genera. RNA extraction from pools and generic/nested RT-PCR was performed for Flavivirus, Alphavirus, Orthobunyavirus (Group Bunyamwera) and Phlebovirus. Results. 1274 mosquitoes were collected, mainly belonging to Culex and Aedes genera. RNA extracts of 64 pools were tested by RT-PCR and one pool was positive for Alphavirus. Sequencing of the RT- PCR product and the analysis with sequences storage in GenBank designate the presence of Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV). Conclusions. This is the first record of natural infection from EEEV in mosquitoes from La Pintada (Antioquia), an area with ecological elements that favor the emergence of emerging and re-emerging arboviruses of medical and veterinarian importance

Tricyclic Pyrazoles. Part 8. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Modelling of Tricyclic Pyrazole Carboxamides as Potential CB2 Receptor Ligands with Antagonist/Inverse Agonist Properties.

Previous studies have investigated the relevance and structure-activity relationships (SARs) of pyrazole derivatives in relation with cannabinoid receptors, and the series of tricyclic 1,4-dihydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazoles emerged as potent CB2receptor ligands. In the present study, novel 1,4-dihydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazole and 1H-benzo[g]indazole carboxamides containing a cyclopropyl or a cyclohexyl substituent were designed and synthesized to evaluate the influence of these structural modifications towards CB1and CB2receptor affinities. Among these derivatives, compound 15 (6-cyclopropyl-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-N-(adamantan-1-yl)-1,4-dihydroindeno[1,2-c]pyrazole-3-carboxamide) showed the highest CB2receptor affinity (Ki= 4 nM) and remarkable selectivity (KiCB1/KiCB2= 2232), whereas a similar affinity, within the nM range, was seen for the fenchyl derivative (compound 10: Ki= 6 nM), for the bornyl analogue (compound 14: Ki= 38 nM) and, to a lesser extent, for the aminopiperidine derivative (compound 6: Ki= 69 nM). Compounds 10 and 14 were also highly selective for the CB2receptor (KiCB1/KiCB2> 1000), whereas compound 6 was relatively selective (KiCB1/KiCB2= 27). The four compounds were also subjected to GTPγS binding analysis showing antagonist/inverse agonist properties (IC50for compound 14 = 27 nM, for 15 = 51 nM, for 10 = 80 nM and for 6 = 294 nM), and this activity was confirmed for the three more active compounds in a CB2receptor-specific in vitro bioassay consisting in the quantification of prostaglandin E2 release by LPS-stimulated BV2 cells, in the presence and absence of WIN55,212-2 and/or the investigated compounds. Modelling studies were also conducted with the four compounds, which conformed with the structural requirements stated for the binding of antagonist compounds to the human CB2receptor

Planck early results V : The Low Frequency Instrument data processing

Peer reviewe

GEMC1 and MCIDAS interactions with SWI/SNF complexes regulate the multiciliated cell-specific transcriptional program

Multiciliated cells (MCCs) project dozens to hundreds of motile cilia from their apical surface to promote the movement of fluids or gametes in the mammalian brain, airway or reproductive organs. Differentiation of MCCs requires the sequential action of the Geminin family transcriptional activators, GEMC1 and MCIDAS, that both interact with E2F4/5-DP1. How these factors activate transcription and the extent to which they play redundant functions remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the transcriptional targets and proximal proteomes of GEMC1 and MCIDAS are highly similar. However, we identified distinct interactions with SWI/SNF subcomplexes; GEMC1 interacts primarily with the ARID1A containing BAF complex while MCIDAS interacts primarily with BRD9 containing ncBAF complexes. Treatment with a BRD9 inhibitor impaired MCIDAS-mediated activation of several target genes and compromised the MCC differentiation program in multiple cell based models. Our data suggest that the differential engagement of distinct SWI/SNF subcomplexes by GEMC1 and MCIDAS is required for MCC-specific transcriptional regulation and mediated by their distinct C-terminal domains

Commodity risk assessment of Prunus cerasus × Prunus canescens hybrid plants from Ukraine

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as 'High-risk plants, plant products and other objects'. This Scientific Opinion covers plant health risks posed by plants of hybrids of Prunus cerasus x Prunus canescens imported from Ukraine, taking into account the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by Ukraine. All pests that may be associated with the hybrids of P. cerasus x P. canescens were evaluated against specific criteria for their relevance for this opinion. None of the pests fulfilled all relevant criteria due to the production method and risk mitigation measures carried out by the nursery; therefore, none were selected for further evaluation