Attitudes and Beliefs of Pig Farmers and Wild Boar Hunters Towards Reporting of African Swine Fever in Bulgaria, Germany and the Western Part of the Russian Federation

This study investigated the attitudes and beliefs of pig farmers and hunters in Germany, Bulgaria and the western part of the Russian Federation towards reporting suspected cases of African swine fever (ASF). Data were collected using a web-based questionnaire survey targeting pig farmers and hunters in these three study areas. Separate multivariable logistic regression models identified key variables associated with each of the three binary outcome variables whether or not farmers would immediately report suspected cases of ASF, whether or not hunters would submit samples from hunted wild boar for diagnostic testing and whether or not hunters would report wild boar carcasses. The results showed that farmers who would not immediately report suspected cases of ASF are more likely to believe that their reputation in the local community would be adversely affected if they were to report it, that they can control the outbreak themselves without the involvement of veterinary services and that laboratory confirmation would take too long. The modelling also indicated that hunters who did not usually submit samples of their harvested wild boar for ASF diagnosis, and hunters who did not report wild boar carcasses are more likely to justify their behaviour through a lack of awareness of the possibility of reporting. These findings emphasize the need to develop more effective communication strategies targeted at pig farmers and hunters about the disease, its epidemiology, consequences and control methods, to increase the likelihood of early reporting, especially in the Russian Federation where the virus circulate

Transmission routes of African swine fever virus to domestic pigs: current knowledge and future research directions

African swine fever (ASF) is a major threat to the pig industry in Europe. Since 2007, ASF outbreaks have been ongoing in the Caucasus, Eastern Europe and the Baltic countries, causing severe economic losses for many pig farmers and pork producers. In addition, the number of ASF cases in wild boar populations has dramatically increased over the past few years. Evidence supports direct contact with infectious domestic pigs and wild boars, and consumption of contaminated feed, as the main transmission routes of ASF virus (ASFV) to domestic pigs. However, significant knowledge gaps highlight the urgent need for research to investigate the dynamics of indirect transmission via the environment, the minimal infective doses for contaminated feed ingestion, the probability of effective contacts between infectious wild boars and domestic pigs, the potential for recovered animals to become carriers and a reservoir for transmission, the potential virus persistence within wild boar populations and the influence of human behaviour for the spread of ASFV. This will provide an improved scientific basis to optimise current interventions and develop new tools and strategies to reduce the risk of ASFV transmission to domestic pigs.ISSN:0042-490

Apuntes sobre el paisaje social y natural

From the knowledge on the Physical and Social Capital Recovery of lomas de Pachacamac project, the present article develops the attitude of respect towards Nature implicitly transmitted through propaganda campaigns, a comprehensive and consistent theoretical framework building, supporting the projects related to the environment and the importance of ecology education in universities. In the present article, the indigenous population is revaluated, since their presence in the world has  allowed the preservation of many ecosystems of great significance to humanity. Finally, the communicator is advised to reflect on his own knowledge, the emergency of mass education in ecological issues and the need to legislate regarding to the use of natural resources.El artículo desarrolla, a partir del conocimiento del proyecto de Recuperación del Capital Físico y Social de las lomas de Pachacámac, la actitud de respeto hacia el paisaje social y la naturaleza que transmiten, tácitamente, las campañas de propaganda, la construcción de un marco teórico amplio y sólido que sustenten los proyectos relacionados al medio ambiente y la importancia de la enseñanza de la ecología en las universidades. En el texto se revalora a la población indígena, porque su presencia en el mundo ha permitido la conservación de muchos ecosistemas de enorme significación para la humanidad. Finalmente, se propone, al comunicador, la reflexión sobre su propio conocimiento, la urgencia de una educación masiva en temas ecológicos y la necesidad de legislar respecto al uso de los recursos naturales

De las nuevas religiosidades urbanas : La Divina Revelación Alfa y Omega : Cristo vivió en Lima

La investigación que presentamos a continuación se ubica en el ámbito que se conoce como "Antropología de la Religión". Se trata del estudio de un grupo religioso de origen peruano, al que se le conoce como "La Hermandad del Cordero de Dios" o "La Divina Revelación Alfa y Omega". Este es pues nuestro Objeto de Estudio

An iterative method for mixed finite element schemes

An iterative method with a saddle preconditioner is proposed for solving a system of nonlinear equations that arises in the approximation of a quasilinear second-order elliptic equation with a mixed scheme of finite elements of Raviart-Thomas type. The ways of choosing the iteration parameter are pointed out that ensure the convergence of the method. The results of numerical experiments are presented. © 2012 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

STATE LEGAL CONCEPTS XIX - EARLY XX CENTURIES. IN MODERN SCIENTIFIC DISCOURSE THE WORK WAS EXECUTED WITH THE FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF THE RFBR GRANT NO. 17-33-00034 (A1)

Abstract: The paper examines the problem of searching for an effective methodology for identifying,systematizing and analyzing state legal concepts of Russian political scientists of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Despite the available studies to date on individual state-legal concepts in the Russian Empire, their comprehensive research, general theoretical analysis and systematization is required, what is possible only if there is a proven methodological basis. The aim of the work is to present the stages and results of the authors' approach to the identification, systematization and evaluation of state-legal concepts in Russia in the 19th and early 20th centuries, which can be used as a basis for conducting similar studies in relation to other sectoral legal exercises. The paper substantiates the algorithm for obtaining systematic knowledge about the entire complex of state-legal concepts of the designated period showing the features of dissertational and monographic studies, the specifics of work with articles in the periodical legal press. The issues on the effectiveness of state-legal exercises are separately touched upon and a mechanism for using the forms of scientific knowledge obtained in the past is proposed to determine the novelty andrelevance of the studies conducted today.Keywords: state-legal concepts, state law science, thesis, monograph, scientific paper, a form of scientificknowledge, the Russian Empire

Riesgos ergonómicos en trabajadores agrícolas de tambo de mora, chincha, 2017

La agricultura representa uno de los principales e importantes sectores económicos a nivel mundial, pero a su el ambiente en donde laboran representan muchos riesgos que afectan su salud, pero existe un factor al cual no se le da la debida importancia como es el riesgo ergonómico, por lo cual es importante realizar un estudio para determinar cuales el nivel de riesgos. Cuyo objetivo fue determinar el nivel de riesgos ergonómicos que existen en los trabajadores Agrícolas. El diseño fue descriptivo, observacional. El lugar en el que se realizó fue en los campos agrícolas de Tambo Mora-Chincha, se trabajó con 40 agricultores que laboran en el distrito de Tambo de Mora. Se utilizó el método REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment), método para evaluar el nivel de riesgo ergonómico. Los resultados mostraron que el nivel de riesgo ergonómico al cual están expuestos los agricultores es medio con un 65%; se puede observar que de la muestra tomada, 40 agricultores, el 2.5% de los agricultores tiene un nivel de riesgo bajo (este nivel se observó en el agricultor que realizaba trabajo con maquinaria, es decir con tractor) y el 32,6% se observa que el nivel de riesgos es alto; ninguno de los agricultores toman medidas para cuidar de sus posturas, las mayor parte del tiempo ellos paran con la espalda doblada, lo cual al acabar sus faenas hace que se produzcan dolores al momento de estar en sus hogares, el 60% de los encuestados refirió que sentían dolores en las zonas de la espalda baja, en las piernas y brazos, pero lo que ellos hacían para calmar estos malestares era auto medicarse o dejar que pase con un descanso