Modern approaches to formation of marketing strategies in agricultural enterprises

The article considers the scientific basis for forming the directions marketing services and proposes the creation of agricultural and marketing center in the Department of Agricultural Development Kamenets-Podolsky district administrations that have developed actionable strategies of agricultural enterprises Khmelnitsky region and ensure effectiveness of their activities in the future. Suggestions in effective enterprise development based on modern research are offered – justified strategies for a matter of choice of strategy is determined by different factors that might affect in the future

Effect of goserelin and leuprolide added to the semen on reproductive performance in rabbits — Short communication

The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of two synthetic GnRH analogues, goserelin and leuprolide, to induce ovulation in rabbit does using intravaginal administration. A total of 252 primiparous lactating does were randomly divided into five groups that, at the time of insemination, received the following treatments for ovulation induction: 1 µg of buserelin administered intramuscularly (control group), 5 µg of goserelin added to the semen dose (Group G5), 10 µg of goserelin added to the semen dose (Group G10), 5 µg of leuprolide added to the semen dose (Group L5), and 10 µg of leuprolide added to the semen dose (Group L10). The kindling rate was 80.5% in Group G10 and 75.0% in Group L10; these values are comparable to the kindling rate obtained in the control group (85.9%). The kindling rates in Groups G5 and L5 were significantly lower than in the control group (60.0%, 54.2% and 85.9%, respectively). The number of live-born rabbits was not significantly affected by the ovulation induction treatment. As regards the total number of rabbits born the only significant difference was observed between Groups G5 and L5. This study shows the possibility of inducing ovulation in rabbits by adding goserelin and leuprolide directly to the semen dose

Accounting and reporting in small businesses: managerial aspect Учет и отчетность на предприятиях малого бизнеса: управленческий аспект

The article states that development of small businesses envisages formation and use of a wide spectrum of economic information for providing managerial structure with timely and quality information, which requires creation of a system of managerial accounting and reporting, which should not contradict to the principle of expenses – benefits relation, when expenses on introduction of such a system would exceed the effect obtained from its functioning. It adds that the main requirements of building the system of managerial accounting in a small business should be simplicity, accessibility and clearness. The author studies interconnection of the system of managerial accounting in small businesses with the system of book-keeping and reporting on the basis of a simplified mechanism of accounting of economic operations. The article proceeds that formation of a limited volume of information in the system of accounting and analytical provision does not give a possibility to carry out timely and quality control and analysis of financial and economic state of activity and negatively influences planning and forecasting activity of a company in general. The article marks main components for formation of a subsystem of managerial accounting and reporting, develops methods of formation of reporting in the system of managerial accounting in a small business and also analyses units of managerial information in accordance with requirements of users and develops an organisational scheme of formation of economic information about production, realisation and financial flows in the system of accounting and analytical provision of activity of a small business (using example of an industrial enterprise).Развитие малых предприятий предполагает формирование и использование широкого спектра экономической информации для обеспечения управленческой структуры своевременной и качественной информацией, что требует создания системы управленческого учета и отчетности, которая не должна противоречить принципу соотношения «затраты – выгоды», когда затраты на внедрение такой системы будут превышать эффект, полученный от ее функционирования. Главными требованиями построения системы управленческого учета на небольшом предприятии должны стать простота, доступность и понятность. Автором была исследована взаимосвязь системы управленческого учета на малых предприятиях с системой бухгалтерского учета и отчетности на основе упрощенного механизма учета хозяйственных операций. Формирование ограниченного объема информации в системе учетно-аналитического обеспечения не дает возможности проведения своевременного и качественного контроля и анализа финансово-хозяйственного состояния деятельности и негативно влияет на планирование и прогнозирование деятельности предприятия в целом. В статье автором выделены основные составляющие для формирования подсистемы управленческого учета и отчетности, разработана методика формирования отчетности в системе управленческого учета на малом предприятии, а также проанализированы блоки управленческой информации в соответствии с потребностями пользователей и разработана организационная схема формирования экономической информации о производстве, реализации и финансовых потоках в системе учетно-аналитического обеспечения деятельности малого предприятия (на примере промышленного предприятия)

Design of metallic nanoparticles gratings for filtering properties in the visible spectrum

Plasmonic resonances in metallic nanoparticles are exploited to create efficient optical filtering functions. A Finite Element Method is used to model metallic nanoparticles gratings. The accuracy of this method is shown by comparing numerical results with measurements on a two-dimensional grating of gold nanocylinders with elliptic cross section. Then a parametric analysis is performed in order to design efficient filters with polarization dependent properties together with high transparency over the visible range. The behavior of nanoparticle gratings is also modelled using the Maxwell-Garnett homogenization theory and analyzed by comparison with the diffraction by a single nanoparticle. The proposed structures are intended to be included in optical systems which could find innovative applications.Comment: submitted to Applied Optic

Developmental Dynamics of General and School-Subject-Specific Components of Academic Self-Concept, Academic Interest, and Academic Anxiety

The present study investigated the developmental dynamics of general and subject-specific (i.e., mathematics, French, and German) components of students' academic self-concept, anxiety, and interest. To this end, the authors integrated three lines of research: (a) hierarchical and multidimensional approaches to the conceptualization of each construct, (b) longitudinal analyses of bottom-up and top-down developmental processes across hierarchical levels, and (c) developmental processes across subjects. The data stemmed from two longitudinal large-scale samples (N = 3498 and N = 3863) of students attending Grades 7 and 9 in Luxembourgish schools. Nested-factor models were applied to represent each construct at each grade level. The analyses demonstrated that several characteristics were shared across constructs. All constructs were multidimensional in nature with respect to the different subjects, showed a hierarchical organization with a general component at the apex of the hierarchy, and had a strong separation between the subject-specific components at both grade levels. Further, all constructs showed moderate differential stabilities at both the general (0.42 < r < 0.55) and subject-specific levels (0.45 < r < 0.73). Further, little evidence was found for top-down or bottom-up developmental processes. Rather, general and subject-specific components in Grade 9 proved to be primarily a function of the corresponding components in Grade 7. Finally, change in several subject- specific components could be explained by negative effects across subjects

Wear resistance of some elements of the drill string during drilling

The article is concerned with questions of wearing capacity of some elements of the drill string, including the abrasive drilling of hard-alloy insert rolling cutter drilling bits. The given basic dependencies on probably wear property and damage determining characteristics of drilling tools are determined its wearing capacity during boring

Nonlinear optical properties of interconnected gold nanoparticles on silicon

International audienceWe report second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements in reflectivity from chains of gold nanoparticles interconnected with metallic bridges. We measured more than 30 times a SHG enhancement when a surface plasmon resonance was excited in the chains of nanoparticles, which was influenced by coupling due to the electrical connectivity of the bridges. This enhancement was confirmed by rigorous coupled wave method calculations and came from high localization of the electric field at the bridge. The introduction of 10% random defects into the chains of nanoparticles dropped the SHG by a factor of 2 and was shown to be very sensitive to the fundamental wavelengt