Performance, physiological, and oculometer evaluation of VTOL landing displays

A methodological approach to measuring workload was investigated for evaluation of new concepts in VTOL aircraft displays. Physiological, visual response, and conventional flight performance measures were recorded for landing approaches performed in the NASA Visual Motion Simulator (VMS). Three displays (two computer graphic and a conventional flight director), three crosswind amplitudes, and two motion base conditions (fixed vs. moving base) were tested in a factorial design. Multivariate discriminant functions were formed from flight performance and/or visual response variables. The flight performance variable discriminant showed maximum differentation between crosswind conditions. The visual response measure discriminant maximized differences between fixed vs. motion base conditions and experimental displays. Physiological variables were used to attempt to predict the discriminant function values for each subject/condition trial. The weights of the physiological variables in these equations showed agreement with previous studies. High muscle tension, light but irregular breathing patterns, and higher heart rate with low amplitude all produced higher scores on this scale and thus represent higher workload levels

Excision of damaged bases from transcription intermediates by FPG/NEI superfamily DNA glycosylases

Oxidative lesions are abundant due to constant presence of reactive oxygen species in living cells. Repair of oxidative base lesions is initiated by DNA glycosylases. For example, bacterial Fpg and Nei DNA glycosylases excise oxidized purines and pyrimidines, respectively, from DNA. Their human homologs, NEIL1 and NEIL2, have been reported to show preference towards oxidized lesions in DNA bubbles. From these observations, it had been hypothesized that NEIL proteins may be involved in the repair of lesions in DNA bubbles generated during transcription. However, it is not presently clear how NEILs would behave on bubbles more closely resembling transcription intermediates (e. g., containing the RNA strand), and bacterial homologs Fpg and Nei had never been investigated with bubble substrates. We have studied excision of either 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) or 5,6-dihydrouracil (DHU) by E. coli Fpg and Nei and human NEIL1 and NEIL2 from single-strand oligonucleotides, perfect duplexes, bubbles with different number of unpaired bases (6 to 30), Dloops with DNA or RNA and from complexes with RNA polymerase. Fpg, NEIL1 and NEIL2 efficiently excised DHU located inside a bubble. Fpg and NEIL1 was generally more active than NEIL2 in excision of 8-oxoG from ssDNA and bubbles. Nei, on the other hand, was active only on DHU located in dsDNA (either perfect duplex or DNA/DNA D-loop). Fpg and NEIL1 also have shown activity in D-loops with RNA. The activity of Fpg was observed in pre-assembled transcriptional complexes with E. coli RNA polymerase and depended on the position of the lesion in the transcription bubble, possibly reflecting local accessibility of the lesion within the elongation complex

Maternal encanta-se com o céu...

Este projeto surgiu com a realização do curso de Fundamentos Teóricos e Metodológicos para o Ensino-Aprendizagem em Astronomia: Formação de Educadores, ofertado pelo Polo Astronômico Casimiro Montenegro Filho do Parque Tecnológico Itaipu, Foz do Iguaçu, e foi aplicado na turma do Maternal “D”, com vinte e três crianças de três e quatro anos de idade, do Centro Municipal de Educação Infantil Pequeno Príncipe (CMEI), em Santa Helena, Paran

Strengthening the prevention support system in CDC's Rape Prevention and Education (RPE) program

Through the Rape Prevention and Education (RPE) program, the Center's for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides funding, translates research findings, provides technical assistance, develops tools and other products, and conducts program monitoring of state health agencies functioning as intermediary organizations within a prevention support system. (Wandersman et al., 2008) The aims of this dissertation were to 1. Create an assessment tool defining the capacities needed to support the implementation of priority, evidence-based sexual assault prevention strategies; 2. Assess select priority needs and capacities of intermediary organizations to support this implementation; and 3. Develop a strategy to enhance the prevention support system capacity of intermediary organizations. A systematic needs assessment, including pre-assessment, assessment and utilization phases, was conducted. (Witkin & Altschuld, 1995) The assessment focused on the capacity of state health agencies, functioning as intermediary organizations, to support knowledge exchange with and among the community-based organizations implementing sexual assault prevention priorities. Knowledge exchange involves interaction, and results in mutual learning through the process of planning, producing, disseminating and applying existing or new research or innovation in decision-making. ("Glossary of Knowledge Exchange Terms ") When priority, evidence based strategies are introduced, as new innovations, the knowledge exchange capacity within a system must be considered. (Bero et al., 1998) A multiple, holistic case study design was used to examine relevant constructs e.g., trust, organizational climate, organizational support, shared understanding and resources. This research identified gaps in organizational knowledge exchange capacity, resulting in specific recommendations related to the role and function of CDC and state health agencies as a part of the Rape Prevention and Education (RPE) Prevention Support System. The resulting plan would establish a National Rape Prevention and Education (RPE) Knowledge Exchange program policy. The recommended actions address organizational supports and system change within the CDC; build individual knowledge exchange capacity; build prevention support system knowledge exchange capacity; and build networks of peers and enhance communication. If successful, the improvements resulting from this policy may serve as an example of the organizational knowledge exchange capacity required to assure that public health advances are effectively implemented and lead to improvements in the lives of the American public

¿Qué significa "saber" una lengua extranjera? : análisis de los conceptos teóricos que respaldan el EPI-examen de proficiencia internacional

Las personas, de todas las edades, que toman exámenes internacionales de proficiencia en Lenguas Extranjeras (LE) en la actualidad, optan entre hacerlo por un tema de status o como requisito indispensable en su currículum. Evaluar proficiencia en una LE es un proceso muy complejo que exige objetivos y parámetros claros y una fundamentación teórica que respalde lo que se propone certificar. Igualmente importante es la preparación de los examinadores que llevarán a cabo tanto las entrevistas en el proceso de evaluación oral como la corrección de las pruebas escritas. El examen de proficiencia en Lengua Portuguesa para extranjeros de la Universidad Luterana de Brasil- ULBRA, denominado EPI, evalúa alumnos de liceo que aún no terminaron sus estudios en secundaria, así como adultos que buscan una certificación internacional para sus estudios en el idioma. El examen certifica tres niveles de proficiencia: básico, intermedio y avanzado. El objetivo de esta investigación consiste en, por un lado, analizar la estructura del examen para identificar los conceptos subyacentes sobre qué significa saber una lengua extranjera, qué base teórica utiliza y qué definiciones de lengua y lenguaje tiene y, por otro lado, verificar las características del examen en cuanto a lo que pretende evaluar y certificar como proficiente. Los resultados del presente trabajo pueden contribuir para que los elaboradores del examen revean la propuesta y eventualmente realicen cambios en la misma y también para que el alumno sepa con claridad qué habilidades estará certificando con este examen. Así como para rever el efecto que el mismo tiene en las prácticas docentes y reflexionar sobre las mismas.Nowadays, people of all ages sitting for international proficiency examinations in Foreign Languages (FE) decide to sit for it as a means of gaining status or as an indispensable element for their CVs. The evaluation of proficiency in a FE is a very complex process which demands clear parameters and objectives, as well as a theoretical base supporting whatever is to be certified. The proficiency of educational evaluators both conducting the interviews and grading the written tests of the examinations is also an important matter. ULBRA’s (Universidad Luterana de Brasil - Brasilian Lutheran Church University) proficiency examination for Portuguese - named EPI –destined to foreigners assesses secondary school students’ language proficiency that have not obtained their Secondary School Promotion Certificate yet as well as adults seeking for an international certification in foreign language. The exam validates the three following levels of proficiency: primary, intermediate and advance. The objectives of this research are, on one side, to analyze the structure of the examination to identify the underlying concepts related to knowing a foreign language, its theoretical foundations and its tongue and language definitions and, on the other side, to establish the exam characteristics in relation to the issues in need of evaluation and certification to achieve proficiency. The results arising from this research can be used as an input for educational exam evaluators to review their exam design and, eventually, both make the necessary changes and allow students to have an exact knowledge of the skills under the process of certification by this examination beforehand. Additionally, they are an important tool in reviewing the impact of such exam design on teachers’ performance to improve it

Da Segurança Internacional à Segurança Humana: Implicações do instituto jurídico do Refúgio e o caso da política externa bilateral Brasil ”“ Haiti na questão imigratória

The article aims to analyze the approaching between the concepts of Human Security and International Security in situations of Failed States, the Responsibility to Protect and the implications on the legal principle of Refuge to conclude about the Brazilian's bilateral foreign policy in the Haitian immigration issue.O artigo analisa a aproximação do conceito de Segurança Humana ao da Segurança Internacional nas situações de failed States, a polêmica normativa emergente da “Responsabilidade de Proteger”, e sua repercussão no instituto do Refúgio, para então refletir sobre a política externa bilateral brasileira na questão imigratória haitiana

Contribuições do Peer Instruction para o ensino de Ciências: uma revisão sistemática da literatura

This research aimed to map articles on the Scielo and Google Scholar platforms, between 2010 and March 2021, which sought to identify and analyze the contributions of the Peer Instruction teaching methodology in Science Education. It is an exploratory research based on a Systematic Literature Review, with analysis of the level of education; region; subject; content covered; technological tools and resources; evaluation and contributions. The results of the research indicate that most of the articles had as target audience the High School, but it is affirmed that the Peer Instruction is on the rise, mainly in the Higher Education. We conclude that it is necessary to invest in the initial training of the teacher, so that the teacher changes a whole chain of teaching and learning that has long been training the teacher in his training. In view of this, Peer Instruction was able to act in favor of promoting scientific attitudes and conceptual learning.Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo mapear artículos en las plataformas Scielo y Google Scholar, entre 2010 y marzo de 2021, que buscaban identificar y analizar los aportes de la metodología de enseñanza Peer Instruction en la Educación Científica. Se trata de una investigación exploratoria basada en una Revisión Sistemática de la Literatura, con análisis del nivel de educación; región; sujeto; contenido cubierto; herramientas y recursos tecnológicos; evaluación y contribuciones. Los resultados de la investigación indican que la mayoría de los artículos tenían como público objetivo el Bachillerato, pero se afirma que la Peer Instruction está en alza, principalmente en la Educación Superior. Concluimos que es necesario invertir en la formación inicial del docente, para que el docente cambie toda una cadena de enseñanza y aprendizaje que desde hace tiempo viene formando al docente en su formación. Ante esto, Peer Instruction pudo actuar a favor de promover actitudes científicas y aprendizajes conceptuales.Esta pesquisa objetivou mapear artigos nas plataformas Scielo e Google Acadêmico, no período entre 2010 e março de 2021, o qual buscou identificar e analisar as contribuições da metodologia de ensino Peer Instruction no ensino de Ciências. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória a partir de uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura, com análise do nível de ensino; região; disciplina; conteúdo abordado; ferramentas e recursos tecnológicos; avaliação e, contribuições. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que a maioria dos artigos tiveram como público-alvo o Ensino Médio, mas afirma-se que o Peer Instruction está em ascensão, principalmente no Ensino Superior. Conclui-se que é necessário investir na formação inicial do professor para que este mude toda uma cadeia de ensino e aprendizagem que a muito tempo vem formatando o professor na sua formação. Diante disso, o Peer Instruction se mostrou capaz de agir em prol da promoção de atitudes científicas e de uma aprendizagem conceitual

A guerra dos tronos: Elisabeth e Mary Stuart

By means of literature research, this article seeks to analyze the historical time of Queen Elisabeth regarding, in particular, the clash with the Scottish queen Mary Stuart. We selected - as cutouts for analysis - conflicts, paradoxes and tensions that underlie the search for legality and legitimacy. In the eternal struggle for power, the characters are faced with political life and death, the rise and decay, the glory and failure, which are inevitable and constitutive stages of the game of thrones. In this study, under a realistic bias, we discuss the triad - conquest maintenance and fall from power - about the shocking and devastating meaning of politic as tragedy in the pursuit of order and harmony in the face of chaos and instability is always present.Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica, o presente artigo busca analisar o tempo histórico da rainha Elisabeth no que concerne, em específico, ao embate com a rainha escocesa Mary Stuart. Foram selecionados — como recortes para análise — os conflitos, os paradoxos e as tensões que perpassam a busca pela legalidade e pela legitimidade. Na eterna disputa pelo poder, os personagens políticos se deparam com a vida e a morte, a ascensão e a decadência, a glória e o fracasso, que são etapas inevistáveis e constitutivas do jogo dos tronos. O presente estudo, sob um viés realista, problematiza o trinômio — conquista, manutenção e a queda do poder — acerca do impactante e devastador significado de política como tragédia em que a busca pela ordem e pela harmonia em face do desequilíbrio e caos está sempre presente

Ludicidade em foco: jogo didático sobre a origem e evolução da vida para o ensino médio

Playful games are useful resources and facilitators in the educational process, as they promote the understanding of content, argumentation and socialization among students. Characterized as an action research, this study aimed to develop, apply and analyze a game produced for high school students, about the origin and evolution of life on Earth along the geological time scale. The application of the material took place in a class of 17 students from the 3rd year of high school, in a public school in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul. From a questionnaire carried out with the class, it was possible to see that the didactic model developed contributed to the review of concepts in an interactive and fun way. After applying the activity, it was noted that it could be developed over a longer period, with more specific and complex issues, in addition to modifying some illustrations for better understanding.Los juegos lúdicos son recursos útiles y facilitadores en el proceso educativo, ya que promueven la comprensión del contenido, la argumentación y la socialización entre los estudiantes. Caracterizado como una investigación-acción, este estudio tuvo como objetivo desarrollar, aplicar y analizar un juego producido para estudiantes de secundaria, sobre el origen y evolución de la vida en la Tierra a lo largo de la escala de tiempo geológico. La aplicación del material se llevó a cabo en una clase de 17 estudiantes del 3er año de secundaria, en una escuela pública del interior de Rio Grande do Sul. A partir de un cuestionario realizado con la clase, se pudo constatar que el El modelo didáctico desarrollado contribuyó a la revisión de conceptos de forma interactiva y divertida. Luego de aplicar la actividad, se observó que se podría desarrollar en un período más largo, con temas más específicos y complejos, además de modificar algunas ilustraciones para una mejor comprensión.Jogos lúdicos são recursos úteis e facilitadores no processo educativo, uma vez que promovem a compreensão de conteúdos, a argumentação e a socialização entre os alunos. Caracterizada como uma pesquisa-ação, este estudo teve como objetivo elaborar, aplicar e analisar um jogo produzido para estudantes de Ensino Médio, sobre a origem e evolução da vida na Terra ao longo da escala de tempo geológica. A aplicação do material ocorreu em uma turma com 17 alunos do 3º ano do Ensino Médio, em uma escola pública do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. A partir de um questionário realizado com a turma, foi possível perceber que o modelo didático elaborado contribuiu na revisão dos conceitos de uma forma interativa e divertida. Após a aplicação da atividade, notou-se que esta poderia ser desenvolvida em um período maior, com questões mais específicas e complexas, além da modificação de algumas ilustrações para melhor compreensão