L'aventure de la parole selon Jean-Louis Chrétien

L’oeuvre en cours de Jean-Louis Chrétien – une trentaine de volumes à ce jour – séduit par la beauté de son écriture et force l’admiration par la richesse de sa culture (philosophique, théologique et littéraire), mais il faut aussi la lire comme l’oeuvre d’un philosophe rigoureux. Dans L’Arche de la parole (1998) Chrétien se confronte au Heidegger d’Acheminement vers la parole en mobilisant des ressources à la fois poétiques, bibliques et phénoménologiques, notamment avec l’oeuvre très discrètement citée mais pour lui décisive d’Henri Maldiney. Comme Heidegger et Maldiney, sa phénoménologie de la parole est nourrie de poésie, l’horizon proprement chrétien est lui un apport original. The work in progress of Jean-Louis Chrétien –at this moment about thirty volumes– seduces by the beauty of its writing and forces the appraisal by the wealth of its culture (philosophical, theological and literary), but it is necessary to read it as the work of a rigorous philosopher. In L’Arche de la parole (1998) Chrétien confronts Heidegger’s Unterwegs zur Sprache mobilizing at the same time poetic, biblical and phenomenological resources, including the work of Henri Maldiney, which is most discreetly quoted by Chrétien, although it is decisive for him. As Heidegger and Maldiney, his phenomenology of the word is nurtured by poetry, whose properly Christian horizon is an original contribution

Mining for facts: PacRim Cayman LLC v. El Salvador

Responds to Perspective No. 23 by Gus Van Harten by briefly presenting Pacific Rim's case in Pacific Rim v. El Salvador and defends the international arbitration process by which this case is being adjudicated as fair, neutral and objective for both parties

STRATEGIC-1: A multiple-lines, randomized, open-label GERCOR phase III study in patients with unresectable wild-type RAS metastatic colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND: The management of unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a comprehensive treatment strategy involving several lines of therapy, maintenance, salvage surgery, and treatment-free intervals. Besides chemotherapy (fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, irinotecan), molecular-targeted agents such as anti-angiogenic agents (bevacizumab, aflibercept, regorafenib) and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor agents (cetuximab, panitumumab) have become available. Ultimately, given the increasing cost of new active compounds, new strategy trials are needed to define the optimal use and the best sequencing of these agents. Such new clinical trials require alternative endpoints that can capture the effect of several treatment lines and be measured earlier than overall survival to help shorten the duration and reduce the size and cost of trials. METHODS/DESIGN: STRATEGIC-1 is an international, open-label, randomized, multicenter phase III trial designed to determine an optimally personalized treatment sequence of the available treatment modalities in patients with unresectable RAS wild-type mCRC. Two standard treatment strategies are compared: first-line FOLFIRI-cetuximab, followed by oxaliplatin-based second-line chemotherapy with bevacizumab (Arm A) vs. first-line OPTIMOX-bevacizumab, followed by irinotecan-based second-line chemotherapy with bevacizumab, and by an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody with or without irinotecan as third-line treatment (Arm B). The primary endpoint is duration of disease control. A total of 500 patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to one of the two treatment strategies. DISCUSSION: The STRATEGIC-1 trial is designed to give global information on the therapeutic sequences in patients with unresectable RAS wild-type mCRC that in turn is likely to have a significant impact on the management of this patient population. The trial is open for inclusion since August 2013. TRIAL REGISTRATION: STRATEGIC-1 is registered at Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT01910610, 23 July, 2013. STRATEGIC-1 is registered at EudraCT-No.: 2013-001928-19, 25 April, 2013

Adjuvant therapies in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: moving forward from the STORM

ABSTRACT: Like other previous treatments and approaches, sorafenib, an antiangiogenic drug, failed to show any benefit in the adjuvant setting for hepatocellular carcinoma in a large clinical trial. We discuss reasons and implications of these negative results and the implications for clinical practice and future research. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00692770. Registered 5 June 2008. This study has been completed

STRATEGIC-1: A multiple-lines, randomized, open-label GERCOR phase III study in patients with unresectable wild-type RAS metastatic colorectal cancer

International audienceBackground: The management of unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a comprehensive treatment strategy involving several lines of therapy, maintenance, salvage surgery, and treatment-free intervals. Besides chemotherapy (fluoropyrimidine, oxaliplatin, irinotecan), molecular-targeted agents such as anti-angiogenic agents (bevacizumab, aflibercept, regorafenib) and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor agents (cetuximab, panitumumab) have become available. Ultimately, given the increasing cost of new active compounds, new strategy trials are needed to define the optimal use and the best sequencing of these agents. Such new clinical trials require alternative endpoints that can capture the effect of several treatment lines and be measured earlier than overall survival to help shorten the duration and reduce the size and cost of trials. Methods/Design: STRATEGIC-1 is an international, open-label, randomized, multicenter phase III trial designed to determine an optimally personalized treatment sequence of the available treatment modalities in patients with unresectable RAS wild-type mCRC. Two standard treatment strategies are compared: first-line FOLFIRI-cetuximab, followed by oxaliplatin-based second-line chemotherapy with bevacizumab (Arm A) vs. first-line OPTIMOX-bevacizumab, followed by irinotecan-based second-line chemotherapy with bevacizumab, and by an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody with or without irinotecan as third-line treatment (Arm B). The primary endpoint is duration of disease control. A total of 500 patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to one of the two treatment strategies.Discussion: The STRATEGIC-1 trial is designed to give global information on the therapeutic sequences in patients with unresectable RAS wild-type mCRC that in turn is likely to have a significant impact on the management of this patient population. The trial is open for inclusion since August 2013. Trial registration: STRATEGIC-1 is registered a

Prognostic value of lymph node ratio and extramural vascular invasion on survival for patients undergoing curative colon cancer resection

There was no study funding. We are grateful to Tony Rafferty (Tailored Information for the People of Scotland, TIPs) for providing survival data.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Targeting cancer cell metabolism in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is expected to become the second leading cause of cancer death by 2030. Current therapeutic options are limited, warranting an urgent need to explore innovative treatment strategies. Due to specific microenvironment constraints including an extensive desmoplastic stroma reaction, PDAC faces major metabolic challenges, principally hypoxia and nutrient deprivation. Their connection with oncogenic alterations such as KRAS mutations has brought metabolic reprogramming to the forefront of PDAC therapeutic research. The Warburg effect, glutamine addiction, and autophagy stand as the most important adaptive metabolic mechanisms of cancer cells themselves, however metabolic reprogramming is also an important feature of the tumor microenvironment, having a major impact on epigenetic reprogramming and tumor cell interactions with its complex stroma. We present a comprehensive overview of the main metabolic adaptations contributing to PDAC development and progression. A review of current and future therapies targeting this range of metabolic pathways is provided

EVALUACIÓN DE COLOR DEL GARBANZO (Cicer arietinum L.) POR MÉTODOS INSTRUMENTALES Y SENSORIALES

Chickpea is a well recognized source of vegetable protein, especially in underdeveloped areas of the world. Mexican chickpea is highly priced in the international market due to its desired quality. The Northwest of Mexico, especially Sonora and Sinaloa, are also recognized for the quality of chickpea, where a high percentage of the annual production is placed in the international market. Among the various characteristics of high-quality chickpea, color is one of the most important, since it influences both: the selection of new improved varieties at the experimental research stations, and also the price at the international market. The purpose of this study was to evaluate two objective instrumental methods of color determination as related to sensory evaluation analysis, using a panel of trained judges. The color determination method with the highest correlation with sensory evaluation results could be used for the implementation of a color scale for chickpeas. Results from this study will help the improvement selection programs at the agriculture experimental stations for the selection of chickpea varieties with better color quality attributes and also it will increase the commercialization of chickpea produced in the Northwest of Mexico. Ten chickpea samples were selected for this study: seven were chickpea varieties and three were advanced lines, under improved selection programs. Samples were measured by the reflectometer, AGTRON (Md. M300A) and Hunter Lab. apparatus. Sensory evaluation analyses were conducted using a ranking test, where a trained panel of twelve judges ranked chickpea samples in their preference of color. Statistical analyses of variance showed a significantly high correlation between objective and subjective methodologies for color determination.Chickpeas, color, instrumental methods, sensory evaluation., Agribusiness,

Disseminated and circulating tumor cells in gastrointestinal oncology.

International audienceCirculating (CTCs) and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) are two different steps in the metastatic process. Several recent techniques have allowed detection of these cells in patients, and have generated many results using different isolation techniques in small cohorts. Herein, we review the detection results and their clinical consequence in esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, colorectal, and liver carcinomas, and discuss their possible applications as new biomarkers

Cytotoxic chemotherapy for incurable colorectal cancer: living with a PICC-line

<b>Aims.</b> (i) To determine which aspects of living with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) line cause Modified de Gramont (MdG) patients most difficulty. (ii) To explore MdG patients' views of the PICC-line experience. (iii) To determine if patients view PICC-lines as a benefit or a burden when receiving ambulatory MdG chemotherapy. <b>Design.</b> A two-stage, descriptive study. <b>Methods.</b> Phase 1 comprised semi-structured interviews. Phase 2 surveyed the MdG population. Phase 1 interview data informed the Phase 2 questionnaire. The setting was a West of Scotland Cancer Care Centre and the sample was: Phase 1, a convenience sample of 10 MdG patients; Phase 2, 62 consecutive patients. <b>Results.</b> A response rate of 93·9% for Phase 2. The majority of PICC-line patients held favourable views towards having a PICC-line and adapted well with minimal disruption to daily life. Concerns were evident regarding coping at home with a PICC-line, chemotherapy spillage, dealing with complex information and the responsibility of patients/carers regarding PICC-line management. Patients preferred ambulatory chemotherapy to in-patient treatment. <b>Conclusions.</b> PICC-lines should be considered for more chemotherapy patients but service development is necessary to ensure individual needs are addressed. <b>Relevance to clinical practice.</b> Contributes to the PICC-line literature by providing a national patient perspective on a range of daily living activities (DLAs). PICC-line patients prefer out-patient ambulatory chemotherapy rather than in-patient treatment. The longer a patient has a PICC-line, the more able they are to manage activities such as dressing. Concerns remain over chemotherapy spillage, partner/carer responsibility for PICC-line maintenance and the proper balance between required information and what the patient wants to know