How can Microsoft drive the adoption of its Low Code Solution (PowerApp) by Insurance Industry

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Effect of Knots and Related Grain Deviation on the Rolling Shear in Dimension Lumber Used in Cross-Laminated Timber Transverse Core Layers

Abstract Cross-laminated timber (CLT) technology has the potential for utilization of lower grades and underused species of lumber, because the core layers perpendicular to the principal loading direction transfer loads through shear, which is not correlated to the grade of lumber. Currently the product standard specifies the minimum grade requirements for all lumber to be used as CLT laminations. In this study, the effect of the presence of knots in the transverse core layer of CLT billets was examined in matched CLT samples where the heavy presence of knots and the related grain disturbance in the transverse core layer were the only variables compared with knot-free reference. All samples were tested as short beams in three-point bending and all failed in rolling shear in the transverse core layer. The presence of knots had no measurable effect on the shear capacity or stiffness of the tested CLT beam samples.</jats:p

New Insights into the Carrier-Mediated Transport of Estrone-3-sulfate in the Caco-2 Cell Model

The current studies were undertaken to gain new insights into the interplay and mechanism of membrane transporters involved in the permeability of estrone-3-sulfate (E1S) in Caco-2 cells cultured either on the bottom of multiwell plastic dishes or on filter support. We demonstrate that Caco-2 cells from the "Deutsche sammlung von mikroorganismen und zellkulturen" (DSMZ) exhibit extensive and consistent carrier-mediated uptake of [H-3]-E1S after a culture period of 11-13 days. The kinetic characterization, the inhibitory profile and the pH dependence for the initial linear uptake permeability (P-UP) of [H-3]-E1S suggest that the organic anion transporting. polypeptide (OATP) 2B1 is the Main transporter involved in the apical E1S P-UP in Caco-2 cells from the DSMZ. Furthermore, our results indicate that the efflux transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) affects E1S Pup, even when uptake is measured at the initial linear uptake phase. Although almost identical. results were Obtained for cells cultured on plastic dishes and on filter supports, the OATP2B1 stimulator dexamethasone did not affect the Pup for cells grown on dishes but increased [H-3]-E1S P-UP by more than 2-fold for filter grown cells. The basolateral P-UP of [H-3]-E1S of filter grown cells was inhibited by several inhibitors of the bidirectional, transporter organic solute transporter alpha/beta (OST alpha/beta). Efflux studies were performed by loading the cells with either [H-3]-E1S or [H-3]-taurocholic acid (TCA) and subsequently measuring the efflux of radio labeled' substance in the absence or presence of BCRP or OST alpha/beta inhibitors. Similar effluxes of [H-3]-E1S was observed across the apical and basolateral membrane, and the apical efflux was greatly decreased in the presence of the BCRP inhibitor fumitremorgin C. In contrast, efflux of [H-3]-TCA to the basolateral compartment was clearly larger than to the apical compartment. Trans-stimulation of basolateral [H-3]-E1S efflux was observed in the presence of taurolithocholic acid (TLC), although none of the applied OST alpha/beta inhibitors were able to confirm the existence of carrier mediated efflux at the basolateral membrane, neither for [H-3]-E1S nor for [H-3]-TCA. These results highlight the importance of transporter interplay for EIS and drug compounds in Caco-2 cells and emphasize the importance of identifying the basolateral transporters in these cells

New insight into carrier-mediated transport of estrone-3-sulfate in the Caco-2 cell model

The current studies were undertaken to gain new insights into the interplay and mechanism of membrane transporters involved in the permeability of estrone-3-sulfate (E1S) in Caco-2 cells cultured either on the bottom of multiwell plastic dishes or on filter support. We demonstrate that Caco-2 cells from the "Deutsche sammlung von mikroorganismen und zellkulturen" (DSMZ) exhibit extensive and consistent carrier-mediated uptake of [H-3]-E1S after a culture period of 11-13 days. The kinetic characterization, the inhibitory profile and the pH dependence for the initial linear uptake permeability (P-UP) of [H-3]-E1S suggest that the organic anion transporting. polypeptide (OATP) 2B1 is the Main transporter involved in the apical E1S P-UP in Caco-2 cells from the DSMZ. Furthermore, our results indicate that the efflux transporter, breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) affects E1S Pup, even when uptake is measured at the initial linear uptake phase. Although almost identical. results were Obtained for cells cultured on plastic dishes and on filter supports, the OATP2B1 stimulator dexamethasone did not affect the Pup for cells grown on dishes but increased [H-3]-E1S P-UP by more than 2-fold for filter grown cells. The basolateral P-UP of [H-3]-E1S of filter grown cells was inhibited by several inhibitors of the bidirectional, transporter organic solute transporter alpha/beta (OST alpha/beta). Efflux studies were performed by loading the cells with either [H-3]-E1S or [H-3]-taurocholic acid (TCA) and subsequently measuring the efflux of radio labeled' substance in the absence or presence of BCRP or OST alpha/beta inhibitors. Similar effluxes of [H-3]-E1S was observed across the apical and basolateral membrane, and the apical efflux was greatly decreased in the presence of the BCRP inhibitor fumitremorgin C. In contrast, efflux of [H-3]-TCA to the basolateral compartment was clearly larger than to the apical compartment. Trans-stimulation of basolateral [H-3]-E1S efflux was observed in the presence of taurolithocholic acid (TLC), although none of the applied OST alpha/beta inhibitors were able to confirm the existence of carrier mediated efflux at the basolateral membrane, neither for [H-3]-E1S nor for [H-3]-TCA. These results highlight the importance of transporter interplay for EIS and drug compounds in Caco-2 cells and emphasize the importance of identifying the basolateral transporters in these cells