EDSC: data voor Erasmus

In de vorige aflevering van deze serie kwam de functie van de Data Librarian aan de orde. In dit nummer beschrijven twee medewerkers van het Erasmus Data Service Centre hoe de datadienstverlening daar vorm heeft gekregen

Efectos de un programa de eliminación de sujeciones físicas sobre personas mayores con demencia en residencias

Objetivo: Analizar los resultados de eliminar las sujeciones físicas en mayores con demencia que viven en residencias. Este objetivo se enmarca en un proceso más amplio de modificación del modelo de atención residencial. Método: Estudio cuasi experimental en dos residencias desde mayo de 2010 hasta mayo de 2012. Se recoge información en 7 momentos temporales y se efectúa un análisis longitudinal. Tras formar al personal se retiraron progresivamente las sujeciones físicas en el centro El Puig, mientras que en el centro Conarda se mantuvieron las sujeciones. Las variables principales medidas fueron: caídas, psicofármacos administrados, así como diversos indicadores de estado mental y funcional (Norton, NPI, Minimental,Tinetti, Barthel).Resultados: En el centro en el que se eliminan todas las sujeciones físicas (El Puig), se observa una ligera mejoría en el número de caídas y sus consecuencias mejoran levemente, aunque no son estadísticamente significativas. Los ANOVA mostraron mejoras significativas en el centro que ha eliminado las sujeciones respecto a la prescripción de psicofármacos, al deterioro cognitivo y a las alteraciones de conducta.Discusión: Se constata que retirar sujeciones físicas no repercute negativamente en las caídas y sin embargo mejora ciertos aspectos del bienestar y la autonomía de los mayores (alteraciones de conducta y deterioro mental). Además, se evidencia que este programa debe ser complementado con un programa de desatar químico (retirada de psicofármacos)

Short-term effects of an educational intervention on physical restraint use: a cluster randomized trial

BACKGROUND: Physical restraints are still frequently used in nursing home residents despite growing evidence for the ineffectiveness and negative consequences of these methods. Therefore, reduction in the use of physical restraints in psycho-geriatric nursing home residents is very important. The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of an educational intervention on the use of physical restraints in psycho-geriatric nursing home residents. METHODS: A cluster randomized trial was applied to 5 psycho-geriatric nursing home wards (n = 167 residents with dementia). The wards were assigned at random to either educational intervention (3 wards) or control status (2 wards). The restraint status was observed and residents' characteristics, such as cognitive status, were determined by using the Minimum Data Set (MDS) at baseline and 1 month after intervention. RESULTS: Restraint use did not change significantly over time in the experimental group (55%–56%), compared to a significant increased use (P < 0.05) in the control group (56%–70%). The mean restraint intensity and mean multiple restraint use in residents increased in the control group but no changes were shown in the experimental group. Logistic regression analysis showed that residents in the control group were more likely to experience increased restraint use than residents in the experimental group. CONCLUSION: An educational programme for nurses combined with consultation with a nurse specialist did not decrease the use of physical restraints in psycho-geriatric nursing home residents in the short term. However, the residents in the control group experienced more restraint use during the study period compared to the residents in the experimental group. Whether the intervention will reduce restraint use in the long term could not be inferred from these results. Further research is necessary to gain insight into the long-term effects of this educational intervention

PTSD and cognition in older adults: A systematic literature review

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disabling mental health disorder affecting psychosocial functioning and quality of life. This systematic review is the first to summarize existing global literature on the relationship between PTSD and specific domains of cognitive function in the general population of older adults. We searched PsycINFO, Medline and CINAHL up until November 1st 2024. Studies were included if they were longitudinal cohort or cross-sectional studies of adults aged 60 years and over with a clinical diagnosis of PTSD or subthreshold PTSD symptoms, reporting on any domain of cognitive functioning using a standardised measure. Eighteen good or satisfactory quality articles met criteria for this review, of which three were longitudinal cohort studies and fifteen were cross-sectional studies. PTSD was associated with significant accelerated general cognitive decline and possible accelerated decline in attention and memory over time. Older adults with PTSD additionally performed significantly worse on measures of global cognitive function and memory compared to those without PTSD. For executive function results were mixed; two studies showed significant negative associations, whereas four other studies showed no significant differences between individuals with and without PTSD. Proactive screening of individuals with PTSD for cognitive decline and an additional focus of PTSD treatment on cognitive functioning are needed

De weg naar een bandenloze zorg in Nederland

Vrijheidsbeperkende maatregelen worden vaak toegepast in de intramurale ouderenzorg. Tegelijkertijd weten we dat de toepassing van restrictieve vrijheidsbeperkende maatregelen zoals banden veel nadelige gevolgen heeft voor bewoners en hun gezondheid schade toe brengt. Toch leidt deze kennis niet tot een vermindering van het aantal maatregelen. Deze bijdrage beschrijft de zoektocht naar een interventie (EXBELT) om banden in verpleeghuizen veilig te verminderen en te voorkomen. EXBELT omvat een instellingsverbod op bandengebruik, een intensief scholingsprogramma, beschikbaarheid van alternatieve interventies en een gespecialiseerde verpleegkundige als consultant. In effectevaluaties blijkt EXBELT zowel op de korte, middellange als lange termijn effectief te zijn. Uit een procesevaluatie komt naar voren dat de interventie grotendeels volgens protocol is uitgevoerd en positief wordt gewaardeerd door medewerkers in verpleeghuizen en familie van bewoners. Tegelijkertijd wordt vastgesteld dat het reduceren van vrijheidsbeperkende maatregelen in Nederland traag verloopt en blijvende aandacht noodzakelijk is om bandengebruik in verpleeghuizen terug te dringen en in de thuiszorg te voorkomen

Belt restraint reduction in nursing homes: design of a quasi-experimental study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The use of physical restraints still is common practice in the nursing home care. Since physical restraints have been shown to be an ineffective and sometimes even hazardous measure, interventions are needed to reduce their usage. Several attempts have been made to reduce the use of physical restraints. Most studies used educational approaches and introduced a nurse specialist as a consultant. However, the success rate of these interventions has been inconsistent. We developed a new multi-component intervention (EXBELT) comprising an educational intervention for nursing home staff in combination with a policy change (belt use is prohibited by the nursing home management), availability of a nurse specialist and nursing home manager as consultants, and availability of alternative interventions. The first aim of this study is to further develop and test the effectiveness of EXBELT on belt restraint reduction in Dutch psychogeriatric nursing homes. However, the reduction of belts should not result in an increase of other restrictive restraints (such as a chair with locked tray table) or psychoactive drug use. The overall aim is an effective and feasible intervention that can be employed on a large scale in Dutch nursing homes.</p> <p>Methods and design</p> <p>Effects of EXBELT will be studied in a quasi-experimental longitudinal study design. Alongside the effect evaluation, a process evaluation will be carried out in order to further develop EXBELT. Data regarding age, gender, use of physical restraints, the number of falls and fall related injuries, psychoactive drug use, and the use of alternative interventions will be collected at baseline and after four and eight months of follow-up. Data regarding the process evaluation will be gathered in a period of eight months between baseline and the last measurement. Furthermore, changing attitudes will become an important addition to the educational part of EXBELT.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>A quasi-experimental study is presented to investigate the effects of EXBELT on the use of belts on wards in psychogeriatric nursing homes. The study will be conducted in 26 wards in 13 psychogeriatric nursing homes. We selected the wards in a manner that contamination between control- and intervention group is prevented.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>(NTR2140)</p