Constraints on mass matrices due to measured property of the mixing matrix

It is shown that two specific properties of the unitary matrix $V$ can be expressed directly in terms of the matrix elements and eigenvalues of the hermitian matrix $M$ which is diagonalized by $V$. These are the asymmetry $\Delta(V)= |V_{12}|^2- |V_{21}|^2$, of $V$ with respect to the main diagonal and the Jarlskog invariant $J(V)= {\rm Im}(V_{11}V_{12}^* V_{21}^* V_{22})$. These expressions for $\Delta(V)$ and $J(V)$ provide constraints on possible mass matrices from the available data on $V$.Comment: 5 pages, Late

Culture, Intermarriage, and Differentials in Second-Generation Immigrant Women's Labor Supply

We examine the impact of culture on the work behavior of second-generation immigrant women in Canada. We contribute to the current literature by analyzing the role of intermarriage in intergenerational transmission of culture and its subsequent effect on labor market outcomes. Using relative female labor force participation and total fertility rates in the country of ancestry as cultural proxies, we find that culture matters for the female labor supply. Cultural proxies are significant in explaining number of hours worked by second-generation women with immigrant parents. More importantly, we show that the impact of cultural proxies is significantly larger for women with immigrant parents who share same ethnic background than for those with intermarried parents. The fact that the effect of culture is weaker for women who were raised in intermarried families stresses the importance of intermarriage in assimilation process. Our results are robust to different specifications and estimation strategies.immigrant women, labor supply, culture, intermarriage

Specific heat at constant volume in the thermodynamic model

A thermodynamic model for multifragmentation which is frequently used appears to give very different values for specific heat at constant volume depending upon whether canonical or grand canonical ensemble is used. The cause for this discrepancy is analysed.Comment: Revtex, 7 pages including 4 figure

Toward improved streamflow forecasts: Value of semidistributed modeling

The focus of this study is to assess the performance improvements of semidistributed applications of the U.S. National Weather Service Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting model on a watershed using radar-based remotely sensed precipitation data. Specifically, performance comparisons are made within an automated multicriteria calibration framework to evaluate the benefit of "spatial distribution" of the model input (precipitation), structural components (soil moisture and streamflow routing computations), and surface characteristics (parameters). A comparison of these results is made with those obtained through manual calibration. Results indicate that for the study watershed, there are performance improvements associated with semidistributed model applications when the watershed is partitioned into three subwatersheds; however, no additional benefit is gained from increasing the number of subwatersheds from three to eight. Improvements in model performance are demonstrably related to the spatial distribution of the model input and streamflow routing. Surprisingly, there is no improvement associated with the distribution of the surface characteristics (model parameters)

Contrast Interferometry Using Bose-Einstein Condensates to Measure h/m and the Fine Structure Constant

The kinetic energy of an atom recoiling due to absorption of a photon was measured as a frequency using an interferometric technique called ``contrast interferometry''. Optical standing wave pulses were used as atom-optical elements to create a symmetric three-path interferometer with a Bose-Einstein condensate. The recoil phase accumulated in different paths was measured using a single-shot detection technique. The scheme allows for additional photon recoils within the interferometer and its symmetry suppresses several random and systematic errors including those from vibrations and ac Stark shifts. We have measured the photon recoil frequency of sodium to $7$ppm precision, using a simple realization of this scheme. Plausible extensions should yield a sufficient precision to bring within reach a ppb-level determination of $h/m$ and the fine structure constant $\alpha$

Probing the QCD Critical Point with Higher Moments of Net-proton Multiplicity Distributions

Higher moments of event-by-event net-proton multiplicity distributions are applied to search for the QCD critical point in the heavy ion collisions. It has been demonstrated that higher moments as well as moment products are sensitive to the correlation length and directly connected to the thermodynamic susceptibilities computed in the Lattice QCD and Hadron Resonance Gas (HRG) model. In this paper, we will present measurements for kurtosis ($\kappa$), skewness ($S$) and variance ($\sigma^{2}$) of net-proton multiplicity distributions at the mid-rapidity ($|y|<0.5$) and $0.4<p_{T}<0.8$ GeV/$c$ for Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=19.6, 39, 62.4, 130 and 200 GeV, Cu+Cu collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=22.4, 62.4 and 200 GeV, d+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=200 GeV and p+p collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=62.4 and 200 GeV. The moment products $\kappa \sigma^{2}$ and $S \sigma$ of net-proton distributions, which are related to volume independent baryon number susceptibility ratio, are compared to the Lattice QCD and HRG model calculations. The $\kappa \sigma^{2}$ and $S \sigma$ of net-proton distributions are consistent with Lattice QCD and HRG model calculations at high energy, which support the thermalization of the colliding system. Deviations of $\kappa \sigma^{2}$ and $S \sigma$ for the Au+Au collisions at low energies from HRG model calculations are also observed.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figures, Proceedings of 27th Winter Workshon on Nuclear Dynamics. Feb. 6-13 (2011

Nuclear Chemical and Mechanical Instability and the Liquid-Gas Phase Transition in Nuclei

The thermodynamic properties of nuclei are studied in a mean field model using a Skryme interaction. Properties of two component systems are investigated over the complete range of proton fraction from a system of pure neutrons to a system of only protons. Besides volume, symmetry, and Coulomb effects we also include momentum or velocity dependent forces. Applications of the results developed are then given which include nuclear mechanical and chemical instability and an associated liquid/gas phase transition in two component systems. The velocity dependence leads to further changes in the coexistence curve and nuclear mechanical and chemical instability curves.Comment: 21 pages, 9 figures, Results are changed due to error in progra

A study of the phase transition in the usual statistical model for nuclear multifragmentation

We use a simplified model which is based on the same physics as inherent in most statistical models for nuclear multifragmentation. The simplified model allows exact calculations for thermodynamic properties of systems of large number of particles. This enables us to study a phase transition in the model. A first order phase transition can be tracked down. There are significant differences between this phase transition and some other well-known cases

Possible textures of the fermion mass matrices

Texture specific fermion mass matrices have played an important role in understanding several features of fermion masses and mixings. In the present work, we have given an overview of all possible cases of Fritzsch-like as well as non Fritzsch-like texture 6 and 5 zero fermion mass matrices. Further, for the case of texture 4 zero Fritzsch-like quark mass matrices, the issue of the hierarchy of the elements of the mass matrices and the role of their phases have been discussed. Furthermore, the case of texture 4 zero Fritzsch-like lepton mass matrices has also been discussed with an emphasis on the hierarchy of neutrino masses for both Majorana and Dirac neutrinos.Comment: 21 pages, 3 figure

Culture, intermarriage, and differentials in second-generation immigrant women's labor supply

We examine the impact of culture on the work behavior of second-generation immigrant women in Canada. We contribute to the current literature by analyzing the role of intermarriage in intergenerational transmission of culture and its subsequent effect on labor market outcomes. Using relative female labor force participation and total fertility rates in the country of ancestry as cultural proxies, we find that culture matters for the female labor supply. Cultural proxies are significant in explaining number of hours worked by second-generation women with immigrant parents. More importantly, we show that the impact of cultural proxies is significantly larger for women with immigrant parents who share same ethnic background than for those with intermarried parents. The fact that the effect of culture is weaker for women who were raised in intermarried families stresses the importance of intermarriage in assimilation process. Our results are robust to different specifications and estimation strategies