Comparación de resultados económicos entre una producción hortícola agroecológica vs una convencional

Frente a las discusiones sobre la problemática ambiental y la producción agropecuaria, muchos autores plantean que se requieren nuevos paradigmas para generar un desarrollo sustentable. En la actividad agropecuaria, una respuesta posible, especialmente en la agricultura familiar, puede ser la transición a enfoques agroecológicos. Un aspecto importante en esta transición es que el nuevo planteo genere resultados económicos positivos. Sin embargo, para una gran cantidad de cultivos aún no se conocen resultados económicos comparativos. El presente trabajo de intensificación evaluó el resultado económico de una producción de tomate bajo cubierta para venta en fresco, bajo un sistema de producción convencional comparado con uno de enfoque agroecológico. Se analizaron dos casos reales ubicados en el Cinturón Hortícola Bonaerense, Partido de La Plata. La metodología de análisis utilizada fue de corto plazo mediante el cálculo del Margen Bruto y Neto, y un análisis de riesgo. Se determinó que ambos sistemas tuvieron resultados positivos en un amplio rango de situaciones. El convencional logró mayores márgenes netos, aunque con un mayor rango de variación. El planteo convencional tuvo mayores rendimientos y costos, debido al alto uso de insumos externos, entre los que se encuentran distintos pesticidas.On the betrayal of discussions on environmental issuesand agricultural production, many authors suggest thatnew paradigmsare necessaryto generate sustainabledevelopment.In agricultural activity, a possible answer, especially on family agriculture situations, can be the transition to agroecological approaches. An important aspect in this transition is that agroecology has to generate positive economic results. Nevertheless, those economic results are not known yet for a wide range of crops. This work evaluated the economic performance of tomato production under a conventional production system compared to one of agroecological approach. Two real cases were analyzed in the “Cinturon Verde” of La Plata, Buenos Aires. The analysis methodology consisted in gross and net margin calculation, and a risk analysis. It was determined that both systems had positive results over a wide range of situations. However conventional created greatest benefits, although a greater range of variation. The conventional system generated increased revenue and costs, this due to the differences in performance and high external inputs, including high use of pesticides.Eje: A3: Economía y AgroecologíaFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Comparación de resultados económicos entre una producción hortícola agroecológica vs una convencional

Frente a las discusiones sobre la problemática ambiental y la producción agropecuaria, muchos autores plantean que se requieren nuevos paradigmas para generar un desarrollo sustentable. En la actividad agropecuaria, una respuesta posible, especialmente en la agricultura familiar, puede ser la transición a enfoques agroecológicos. Un aspecto importante en esta transición es que el nuevo planteo genere resultados económicos positivos. Sin embargo, para una gran cantidad de cultivos aún no se conocen resultados económicos comparativos. El presente trabajo de intensificación evaluó el resultado económico de una producción de tomate bajo cubierta para venta en fresco, bajo un sistema de producción convencional comparado con uno de enfoque agroecológico. Se analizaron dos casos reales ubicados en el Cinturón Hortícola Bonaerense, Partido de La Plata. La metodología de análisis utilizada fue de corto plazo mediante el cálculo del Margen Bruto y Neto, y un análisis de riesgo. Se determinó que ambos sistemas tuvieron resultados positivos en un amplio rango de situaciones. El convencional logró mayores márgenes netos, aunque con un mayor rango de variación. El planteo convencional tuvo mayores rendimientos y costos, debido al alto uso de insumos externos, entre los que se encuentran distintos pesticidas.On the betrayal of discussions on environmental issuesand agricultural production, many authors suggest thatnew paradigmsare necessaryto generate sustainabledevelopment.In agricultural activity, a possible answer, especially on family agriculture situations, can be the transition to agroecological approaches. An important aspect in this transition is that agroecology has to generate positive economic results. Nevertheless, those economic results are not known yet for a wide range of crops. This work evaluated the economic performance of tomato production under a conventional production system compared to one of agroecological approach. Two real cases were analyzed in the “Cinturon Verde” of La Plata, Buenos Aires. The analysis methodology consisted in gross and net margin calculation, and a risk analysis. It was determined that both systems had positive results over a wide range of situations. However conventional created greatest benefits, although a greater range of variation. The conventional system generated increased revenue and costs, this due to the differences in performance and high external inputs, including high use of pesticides.Eje: A3: Economía y AgroecologíaFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestale

Pupillary anomaly masquerading as a glaucomatous visual field defect: a case report

BACKGROUND: Patients are often referred to ophthalmologists with focal visual field defects on routine testing, possibly related to a potential diagnosis of glaucoma. However, examination of the individual patient's ocular characteristics as well as facial characteristics may often reveal a cause of the visual field defect. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a patient who was found to have a superior visual field defect on routine testing by the optician. Repeat perimetry with pharmacological dilatation of the pupil revealed that the cause of the field defect was related to an eccentric inferiorly displaced pupil, secondary to trauma some years previously. DISCUSSION: Individual patient characteristics, including both ocular, as well as facial, need to be considered, when interpreting any visual field defect

Diagnostic genetic screening for assisted reproductive technologies patients with macrozoospermia

International audienceMacrozoospermia is characterized by a high proportion of abnormal spermatozoa with enlarged heads. So far, it has been associated with mutations only in the Aurora Kinase C gene (AURKC) in some cases. Although many publications have reported failure to conceive in couples with macrozoospermia, a few others have described successful pregnancies, thus raising questions as to whether ICSI and AURKC genetic screening should be recommended in all patients with macrozoospermia. First, we report on two monozygotic twins presenting macrozoospermia for whom the genetic status was explored (Aurora Kinase C sequencing) and whole semen and gradient-selected spermatozoa were analyzed, using Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH), Electron Microscopy and flow cytometry. Additionally, FISH analysis was performed on individually selected uniflagellate spermatozoa with normal sized heads. Second, we also provide an updated review of patients with macrozoospermia gathering the percentage of enlarged head spermatozoa, the genetic status and pregnancy outcomes. Both twins carried a homozygous mutation of AURKC. Spermocytograms showed means of 86% and 83.5% of enlarged head forms. FISH analyses showed that normal head size, uniflagellate spermatozoa had an aneuploid or polyploid nucleus despite a high level of selection. SEM analysis also showed special intranuclear inclusions in enlarged head spermatozoa. Our data together with cases reported in the literature allowed us to recommend that the AURKC gene should be sequenced when the sperm contains 30% or more of enlarged head spermatozoa, and when a mutation is found, ART should not be performed. Our analyses provide information that could greatly help practitioners in their decision-making with regard to optimal care of patients with macrozoospermia

Is intracouple assisted reproductive technology an option for men with large-headed spermatozoa? A literature review and a decision guide proposal

Although the presence of spermatozoa with an abnormally large head is rare, it is associated with low fertility or even total infertility. We reviewed the literature on assisted reproductive technology (ART) strategies and outcomes for men with large-headed spermatozoa. We also discuss additional analyses that can usefully characterize sperm defects and help with the choice between intra-couple ART and insemination with donor sperm. Lastly, we propose a classification for cases of large-headed spermatozoa