Utilization of Synthesized Nano-Zinc Oxide in Yellow Basic Dye Decontamination from Industrial Wastewater

ZnO nanorod has been successfully synthesized through the reduction of Zinc chloride salt with ammonia solution in the presence of triethanolamine (TEA) as surfactant agent via hydrothermal technique. The properties of the produced material were determined using different characterization techniques such as X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum (FTIR). The results showed that the asprepared ZnO are rod- like morphologies at pH equal to 10. The synthesized nano rod-zinc oxide was employed asadsorbent agent for basic yellow 28 dye decolorization from polluted industrial wastewater. The synthesized nano-ZnO was achieved 93.26% dye decolorization affinity with in 60minutes. The variation in the different processing parameters on the dye sorption process was elucidated using batch technique. The increment in both the dye solution pH and its  temperature was association with decline in the decolourization process. The optimum nano-zinc oxide dosage was recorded to be equal to 10 g/L. The adsorption data at equilibrium were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin equilibrium isotherms. The experimental results confirmed the applicability of synthesized nano-zinc oxide as adsorbent agent for dye decontamination from polluted wastewater.Keywords: nano-zinc oxide, dye decolourization, sorption parameters

Band assignments in the Raman spectra of celluloses

"January, 1987.""Portions of this work were used by JHW as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Ph.D. degree at The Institute of Paper Chemistry.""This paper has been submitted for consideration for publication in Carbohydrate research.

Modeling of negative Poisson’s ratio (auxetic) crystalline cellulose Iβ

Energy minimizations for unstretched and stretched cellulose models using an all-atom empirical force field (Molecular Mechanics) have been performed to investigate the mechanism for auxetic (negative Poisson’s ratio) response in crystalline cellulose Iβ from kraft cooked Norway spruce. An initial investigation to identify an appropriate force field led to a study of the structure and elastic constants from models employing the CVFF force field. Negative values of on-axis Poisson’s ratios nu31 and nu13 in the x1-x3 plane containing the chain direction (x3) were realized in energy minimizations employing a stress perpendicular to the hydrogen-bonded cellobiose sheets to simulate swelling in this direction due to the kraft cooking process. Energy minimizations of structural evolution due to stretching along the x3 chain direction of the ‘swollen’ (kraft cooked) model identified chain rotation about the chain axis combined with inextensible secondary bonds as the most likely mechanism for auxetic response

Long Term Strength and Durability of Clayey Soil Stabilized With Lime

This study deals with durability characteristics and unconfined compressive strength of clayey soil stabilized with lime. The tests comprises of unconfined compressive strength for samples stabilized with the optimum lime percent (4%), and subjected to cycles of the wet-dry, dry-wet and freeze-thaw durability tests as well as, long-term soaking and slake tests. The results indicated that, the efficiency of the lime in the improvement of unconfined compressive strength of clayey soil is of negative effect in the long term durability periods The wetting-drying cycles showed greater reduction in unconfined compressive strength than drying-wetting cycles, while the volume change of samples which subjected to drying at first, was greater than those conducted with wetting. On the other hand, freezing-thawing cycles causes a decreasing in the unconfined compressive strength values, and the reduction ratio was greater than wetting and drying cases. But, during soaking tests it was found that at early soaking periods, the lime stabilized samples continuously gaining strength, but beyond this the strength decreased with increasing soaking period. Finally, the stabilized samples with (4 and 6%) lime becomes more durable against the cycles of wetting and drying

Strength and Consolidation Characteristics of Compacted Clayey Soil Having a Special Case of Standard Compaction Curve

This paper deals with the results of an experimental study carried out on compacted clayey soil, to investigate the strength and consolidation characteristics of this soil. This soil having special case of standard compaction curve contain two values of maximum dry unit weight and two values of optimum moisture content between these point minimum dry unit weight was occurred.The results show that the maximum compressive and tensile strength lies on point near the point of second peak on standard compaction curve. Also the maximum bearing capacity and minimum settlement at the same point on standards compaction curve. Finally the preferred zone to conducted the compaction in field at this point where the dry unit weight at this point was 16.5kN/m3 while the moisture content was 18%