The organization of 2,3-iron-naphthalocyanine molecules on substrate as revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy

Surface morphology of thin molecular layer of 2,3-Iron-naphthalocyanine (2,3 FeNPc) was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) at the ambient conditions. Organic layer with thickness of 40 nm was vapour phase deposited on amorphous carbon substrate. The STM images have revealed the pecularities of surface molecular organization from large range (hundreds of nm) down to atomic scale. Arrays of locally ordered linear stuctures have been distinguished as the main morphological features of the examined surface. At several places the well-ordered STM patterns have been distinguished at the atomic scale. They can be described as stacks of periodicity approximatelly 0.4 nm in a row and 1.5 nm between stacks. These results can be explained by arrangement of 2,3-FeNPh molecules in stacks with a main plane being perpendicular to the substrate surface

Total and Partial Sleep Deprivation in Clomipramine-Treated Endogenous Depressives

Improvement in depression after total sleep deprivation (TSD) is, as a rule, followed by relapse after subsequent ad libitum sleep. This study is addressed to the question of how nocturnal partial sleep following TSD affects this relapse. Thirty endogenously depressed patients participated in the study. During the night after TSD, subjects were allowed sleep during one of three periods, i.e., unlimited sleep (11:00 p.m.-8:00 a.m.), early partial sleep (11:00 p.m.-3:00 a.m.), or late partial sleep (4:00 a.m.-8:00 a.m.). The hypothesis that partial sleep deprivation on the night following TSD prevents relapse has to be rejected. Relapse was inversely related to a drop in minimum rectal temperature during the night with unlimited or partial sleep, compared with minimum rectal temperature on the previous night.

Regression sampling in statistical auditing

Auditing;Regression Analysis;accountancy