Chopped cereal straw as broiler floor litter

Published June 1978. Facts and recommendations in this publication may no longer be valid. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo

Deposition of Amorphous Carbon Films by Laser Induced CVD

ABSTRACTAmorphous carbon (a-C) films were prepared by photodissociation of C2H3Cl or CCl4 gas using a pulsed ArF excimer laser (193nm). An increase in the substrate teiperature decreased the deposition rate. For C2H3Cl4 the maximum deposition rate of 10Å/min was attained at a partial pressure of 0.1 Torr and room temperature. In contrast, for CCl4, the maximum deposition rate of 10Å/Min was obtained at a partial pressure of 3 Torr and room temperature. This difference may be attributed to the different absorption cross sections for the two gases. The structural and mechanical properties were leasured. An Auger analysis showed the chlorine content in the a-C film deposited at room temperature to be 1% for C2H3Cl and 8% for CCl4. The Mohs hardnesses of the a-C filis deposited at room teiperature were 7 and 2 for C2H3Cl and CCl4, respectively. It was concluded that both sp2 and sp3 bonds existed between neighboring C atoms at low temperatures, whereas SP2 bond was predominant at temperatures higher than 300°C.</jats:p

EFFECT OF DIET ON THE REPRODUCTIVE PARAMETERS OF WHITE LEGHORN COCKS

Seventy-two Single Comb White Leghorn (SCWL) roosters were fed for 24 28-day periods with 13 and 15 percent crude protein diets containing soybean meal (SBM) and cottonseed meal (CSM) ratios of 100:0, 50:50 and 0:100 la each protein diet to determine the look-term effects of protein levels and cottonseed meal on the reproductive traits. The statistical analyses of the data indicated no Henicabt differences among the protein levels for each ratio of SBM:CSM in mean body weight, daily feed consumption, semen volume, fertility, batchability, percent dead embryo at 18 and 21 days of Incubation, percent chicks pipped, semen concentrations, testicular Weight, hematocrit and testosterone level. The reproductive traits of the roosters were not affected by either feeding the two protein levels in the diet or the sources of the vegetable protein for 24 28-day periods.</jats:p

FEED PREFERENCE RESPONSES OF SEVERAL AVIAN SPECIES FED ALFALFA MEAL, HIGH- AND LOW-SAPONIN ALFALFA, AND QUININE SULFATE

The response of male geese, turkeys, Japanese quail and chickens to dietary levels of 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 30% alfalfa meal was measured, using a two-choice feed preference test. At each alfalfa level, the birds were given a choice between the alfalfa-containing diet and an alfalfa-free diet. At levels of 10% or more alfalfa meal, all species showed a significant (P &lt; 0.05) preference for the alfalfa-free diet. At a dietary level of 5% alfalfa meal, all species except chickens discriminated against the alfalfa-containing diet and preferred the alfalfa-free diet. Geese discriminated against the alfalfa-containing diet at 2.5% alfalfa, while no species showed discrimination at alfalfa levels of 0.5 and 1%. The birds did not discriminate between low- saponin and high- saponin alfalfa-containing diets, each compared at alfalfa levels of 1, 5, 10 and 20%. Quinine sulfate was included at levels of 0.01, 0.05 and 0.1% of the diet; discrimination against the quinine-containing diets was noted, indicating that poultry can detect substances in the diet perceived as bitter by humans. Key words: Poultry, quinine, alfalfa saponins, feed preferences </jats:p