Distribution of zooplankton in the southern Caspian Sea

The zooplanktons were studied in spring, autumn and winter in the southern Caspian Sea in 1996. Sampling carried out in four season. In each season, 180 specimens were identified and their frequency calculated per m^3. 55 species of zooplanktons were identified including 55% Cladocera, 15% Copepoda and 11 % Rotatoria, 9% other groups such as meroplanktons. The maximum species diversity was observed for Cladocera and the maximum frequency were observed for Copepoda. The Copepoda affected on abundance of zooplanktons as this frequency included in spring, summer, autumn and winter that were 38% to 97%, 22% to 92%, 71 % to 99% and 31 % to 92%, respectively. In summer, the Copepoda and lamellibranchiata larvae had main role in formation of zooplankton population in western region of the southern Caspian Sea, but in autumn, 70% of zooplankton population were copepods. The frequency of zooplanktons in spring, summer, autumn and winter were calculated 4081 to 20143; 7812 to 65741; 10850 to 34406 and 4510 to 20576 inch/m^3, respectively. The maximum biomass was observed during summer with 200 mg/m^3

Hydrology and hydrobiology of Chaloos River

The Chaloos River originates from Alborz Mountain and enters into the Caspian Sea in Chaloos city. Five stations were chosen in different areas for the study during 1371 to 1372 (1992-93). Total variation range of hardness decreased 1 to 5 station, but measure NH4 and NO3 increased. 45 genera belongs to 4 phyla of phytoplankton as follows: Chrysophyta, Chlorophyta, Euglenophyta and Cyanophyta. Zooplankton existing in this river belong to animal classes, which had more abundance in Sarcodina and Monogononta. The benthos river establish Insecta larvae of Ephemeroptera, Coleoptera, Diptera, Plecoptera and Odonata (Orders). Chaloos fishes included to 4 families, 10 genera and 12 species. Cyprinidac consisted 66.7% of total fish and had maximum diversity at the various stations

Fabrication of Perovskite-type Oxide BaPbO3 Nanoparticles and their Efficiency in Photodegradation of Methylene Blue

BaPbO3 perovskite was prepared by the sol-gel method. The physical and chemical properties of catalyst were characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM, EDX and IR techniques. The photocatalytic activity of the sample was evaluated by photocatalytic decomposition of methylene blue (MB) dye under UV irradiation. The results of XRD indicate that the perovskite-type oxide (BaPbO3) is crystal at 700 °C. The XRD, TEM and SEM revealed that BaPbO3 particles are prepared in the nano-size regime. The results show that the degradation efficiency of methylene blue (MB) by BaPbO3 is higher than rutile under similar conditions.Keywords: Perovskite-type oxide, nanopowder, dye removal, methylene blue

Fabrication and Antibacterial Performance of Nano-silver-Doped Monoliths by the Sol-Gel Method

The organic-inorganic hybrids of glycine, tetraethylortho silicate (TEOS) and triethylphosphate (TEP) doped with silver ions were prepared by the sol-gel method. After moulding and heating at 600 °C to remove organic compound, porous Ag/P2O5-SiO2 monoliths were obtained. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrum, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) were used to structurally study monoliths. Surface area, pore volume and swelling degree of the samples were adjusted with different contents of TEP in the starting composition. Ag ions were stably released into the water at 30 °C for 28 days. Antibacterial experimentation revealed that such materials, treated at 600 °C, could restrain Escherichia coli effectively.KEYWORDS Antibacterial effect, nano-silver, phosphorous, organic–inorganic hybrid, sol-gel.

Lassa hemorrhagic shock syndrome‐on‐a‐chip

Analytical BioScience

A tile model of circuit topology for self-entangled biopolymers

Building on the theory of circuit topology for intra-chain contacts in entangled proteins, we introduce tiles as a way to rigorously model local entanglements which are held in place by molecular forces. We develop operations that combine tiles so that entangled chains can be represented by algebraic expressions. Then we use our model to show that the only knot types that such entangled chains can have are 3(1), 4(1), 5(1), 5(2), 6(1), 6(2), 6(3), 7(7), 8(12) and connected sums of these knots. This includes all proteins knots that have thus far been identified.Pharmacolog

Circuit topology analysis of cellular genome reveals signature motifs, conformational heterogeneity, and scaling

Analytical BioScience

Fabrication of arrays of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanodots via block copolymer self-assembly

This Article presents a simple methodology for the fabrication of two-dimensional arrays of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) nanodots on n-doped Si substrates via the directed self-assembly of PS-b-PEO block copolymer templates. The approach produces highly ordered PZT nanodot patterns, with lateral widths and heights as small as 20 and 10 nm, respectively, and a coverage density as high as ∼68 × 109 nanodots cm–2. The existence of a perovskite phase in the nanodots was confirmed by X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The piezo-amplitude and ferroelectric domain response obtained from the nanodots, through piezoresponse force microscopy, confirmed the presence of ferroelectricity in the PZT arrays. Notably, PZT nanodots with a thickness ∼10 nm, which is close to the critical size limit of PZT, showed ferroelectric behavior. The presence of a multi-a/c domain structure in the nanodots was attributed to their polycrystalline nature