Introduction..

In committing itself to providing a 30-year framework for air transport policy, the government recognised that the existing approach of ad hoc interventions, delayed decisions and the consequent congestion could not be allowed to continue indefinitely. A ten-year transport strategy had been set out for the railways (DETR, 2000); a new energy policy was eventually produced at the end of a lengthy consultation period (DTI, 2003); and a longer-term framework for water published too (Defra, 2002). The government recognised that markets and competition, though important, would not be sufficient for the development of core infrastructure.

Climate change: Sustainable growth, markets, and institutions

human development, climate change

\u201cImprovisation is not allowed in a second language\u201d: A survey of Italian lecturers\u2019 concerns about teaching their subjects through English

English Medium Instruction (EMI) is increasingly being introduced across European universities in countries where English is not a commonly-used language, such as Italy and other central and southern European countries. However the competences and concerns of the lecturers involved are not always considered when such developments are introduced and support or training may not be offered. This paper reports on a survey on English-Medium Instruction (EMI) to which 115 lecturers in a public university in northern Italy responded. The survey was carried out by the university\u2019s Language Centre as part of the LEAP (Learning English for Academic Purposes) Project which was developed to support lecturers in EMI. The survey sought to identify what the lecturers perceived as their strengths and weakness in English, their concerns and also their evaluations of the experience of teaching through English if they had had any. The findings discussed in this paper shed light on the needs of lecturers that are involved in EMI, which relate to methodology as well as language issues. The implications of this for European Language Centres intending to support EMI at their universities are discussed in the conclusions

A linear Wegner estimate for alloy type Schroedinger operators on metric graphs

We study spectra of alloy-type random Schr\"odinger operators on metric graphs. For finite edge subsets of general graphs we prove a Wegner estimate which is linear in the volume (i.e. the number of edges) and the length of the considered energy interval. The single site potential of the alloy-type model needs to have fixed sign, but the considered metric graph does not need to have a periodic structure. The second result we obtain is an exhaustion construction of the integrated density of states for ergodic random Schr\"odinger operators on metric graphs with a \ZZ^{\nu}-structure. For certain models the two above results together imply the Lipschitz continuity of the integrated density of states

Microscopic theory of the coupling of intrinsic Josephson oscillations and phonons

A microscopic theory for the coupling of intrinsic Josephson oscillations and dispersive phonon branches in layered superconductors is developed. Thereby the effect of phonons on the electronic c-axis transport enters through an effective longitudinal dielectric function. This coupling provides an explanation of recently observed subgap resonances in the $I_{dc}$-$V_{dc}$- curve of anisotropic cuprate superconductors forming a stack of short Josephson junctions. Due to the finite dispersion these resonances can appear at van-Hove-singularities of both optical and acoustical phonon branches, explaining low-voltage structures in the I-V-characteristic, which are not understood in phonon models without dispersion. In long junctions the dispersion of collective electron-phonon modes parallel to the layers is investigated.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, espcrc2.sty, invited contribution to "Materials and Mechanisms of Superconductivity and High Temperature Superconductors VI - M2S-HTSC-VI", Houston, Texas, 20-25 Feb 2000, to appear in Physica