Strategies for culturally safe research with Native American communities: an integrative review

Background: A history of unethical research and deficit-based paradigms have contributed to profound mistrust of research among Native Americans, serving as an important call to action. Lack of cultural safety in research with Native Americans limits integration of cultural and contextual knowledge that is valuable for understanding challenges and making progress toward sustainable change. Aim: To identify strategies for promoting cultural safety, accountability, and sustainability in research with Native American communities. Method: Using an integrative review approach, three distinct processes were carried out: (1) appraisal of peer-reviewed literature (Scopus, PubMed, and ProQuest), (2) review of grey literature (e.g. policy documents and guidelines), and (3) synthesis of recommendations for promoting cultural safety. Results: A total of 378 articles were screened for inclusion, with 55 peer-reviewed and grey literature articles extracted for full review. Recommendations from included articles were synthesised into strategies aligned with eight thematic areas for improving cultural safety in research with Native American communities

Fasting and postprandial plasma ghrelin levels are decreased in patients with liver failure previous to liver transplantation

[Abstract] Anorexia is a problem of paramount importance in patients with advanced liver failure. Ghrelin has important actions on feeding and weight homeostasis. Concentrations of ghrelin are controversial in liver cirrhosis. Our aim was to study fasting ghrelin and their response to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in liver failure patients and normal subjects. Methods We included 16 patients with severe liver failure prior to liver transplantation. As a control group we included 10 age- and BMI-matched healthy subjects. After an overnight fast, 75 g of oral glucose were administered; glucose, insulin, and ghrelin were obtained at baseline and at times 30, 60, 90, and 120 min, respectively. Results Fasting ghrelin (median and range) were statistically significantly lower for patients compared to the controls, 527 (377–971) pg/ml vs. 643 (523–2163) pg/ml, P = 0.045, for patients and controls, respectively. The area under the curve for total ghrelin post-OGTT were lower in end-stage liver failure patients than in the control group, 58815 (44730–87420) pg/ml min vs. 76560 (56160–206385) pg/ml min, for patients and controls, respectively, P = 0.027. Conclusions Ghrelin levels are significantly decreased both fasting and post-OGTT in patients with liver failure candidates for transplantation. Decreased ghrelin levels could contribute to anorexia in patients with cirrhosis.Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI051024Instituto de Salud Carlos III; PI070413Xunta de Galicia; PS07/12Xunta de Galicia; PGIDT05PXIC91605PNXunta de Galicia; INCITE08ENA916110E

Morphological and functional changes associated with a 12-week self-guided exercise programme of overweight adults: A pilot study

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E-bibliotherapy for improving the psychological well-being of informal caregivers of people with dementia: a randomized controlled trial protocol

Abstract Background Providing informal care for individuals with dementia is frequently a challenging and demanding experience that can have detrimental effects on the psychological well-being of caregivers. Regrettably, community-based caregiver services often prove inadequate, highlighting the necessity for innovative approaches to support caregivers. Aim To test the efficacy of e-bibliotherapy in improving the psychological well-being of informal caregivers of people with dementia. Method The study is divided into two phases. In phase 1, the research team will co-design the e-bibliotherapy app with caregivers. In phase 2, a randomized controlled trial will be conducted among 192 informal caregivers of people with dementia in Hong Kong. Caregivers will be randomly assigned to either the e-bibliotherapy group or the control group using simple randomization. Outcome measures will encompass caregivers’ psychological well-being, caregiving appraisal, mental health, saliva cortisol levels as an indicator of stress, and health-related quality of life for caregivers. Data will be collected at baseline, immediately post intervention, and 3 months and 6 months post intervention. General linear mixed model will be employed to analyze intervention effects. Qualitative interviews will be undertaken to explore caregiver experiences within this study and evaluate intervention acceptability using conventional content analysis methods. Discussion This study represents a pioneering effort in utilizing e-bibliotherapy to enhance the psychological well-being of informal caregivers of individuals with dementia, addressing the existing gap in caregiver services and facilitating knowledge dissemination within the community. Trial registration The trial has been registered on ClinicalTrial.gov (Ref: NCT05927805)

Strategies for culturally safe research with Native American communities: An integrative review.

BACKGROUND: A history of unethical research and deficit-based paradigms have contributed to profound mistrust of research among Native Americans, serving as an important call to action. Lack of cultural safety in research with Native Americans limits integration of cultural and contextual knowledge that is valuable for understanding challenges and making progress toward sustainable change. AIM: To identify strategies for promoting cultural safety, accountability, and sustainability in research with Native American communities. METHOD: Using an integrative review approach, three distinct processes were carried out: 1) appraisal of peer-reviewed literature (Scopus, PubMed, and ProQuest), 2) review of grey literature (e.g., policy documents and guidelines), and 3) synthesis of recommendations for promoting cultural safety. RESULTS: A total of 378 articles were screened for inclusion, with 55 peer-reviewed and grey literature articles extracted for full review. Recommendations from included articles were synthesised into strategies aligned with eight thematic areas for improving cultural safety in research with Native American communities. CONCLUSIONS: Research aiming to understand, respect, and acknowledge tribal sovereignty, address historical trauma, and endorse Indigenous methods is essential. Culturally appropriate, community-based and -engaged research collaboration with Native American communities can signal a reparative effort, re-establish trust, and inform pragmatic solutions. Rigorous research led by Native American people is critical to address common and complex health challenges faced by Native American communities. IMPACT STATEMENT: : Respect and rigorous methods ensure cultural safety, accountability, and sustainability in research with Native Americans

Avoiding Irrelevance: The manifestation and impacts of technophobia in psychological science

New technologies continue to provide new opportunities for social science. However, psychology has predominantly focused its attention on how new technologies may harm large sections of the population. Despite these efforts, history has repeatedly demonstrated that as a technology becomes mass-adopted, early concerns are shown to be overinflated and then inaccurate. Here, we argue that psychological science has become a victim of its own biases. This has led to a cycle of theoretical development built on poor conceptual and methodological foundations. Ironically, while psychological science is best posed to understand, and potentially mitigate the impacts of new technology, it has comparatively little to contribute compared to analogous disciplines. We conclude by providing some recommendations on how the discipline can become more productive, break free of current research cycles, and make stronger theoretical and applied contributions in the future

E-bibliotherapy for improving the psychological well-being of informal caregivers of people with dementia: a randomized controlled trial protocol

Background: Providing informal care for individuals with dementia is frequently a challenging and demanding experience that can have detrimental effects on the psychological well-being of caregivers. Regrettably, community-based caregiver services often prove inadequate, highlighting the necessity for innovative approaches to support caregivers. Aim: To test the efficacy of e-bibliotherapy in improving the psychological well-being of informal caregivers of people with dementia. Method: The study is divided into two phases. In phase 1, the research team will co-design the e-bibliotherapy app with caregivers. In phase 2, a randomized controlled trial will be conducted among 192 informal caregivers of people with dementia in Hong Kong. Caregivers will be randomly assigned to either the e-bibliotherapy group or the control group using simple randomization. Outcome measures will encompass caregivers’ psychological well-being, caregiving appraisal, mental health, saliva cortisol levels as an indicator of stress, and health-related quality of life for caregivers. Data will be collected at baseline, immediately post intervention, and 3 months and 6 months post intervention. General linear mixed model will be employed to analyze intervention effects. Qualitative interviews will be undertaken to explore caregiver experiences within this study and evaluate intervention acceptability using conventional content analysis methods. Discussion: This study represents a pioneering effort in utilizing e-bibliotherapy to enhance the psychological well-being of informal caregivers of individuals with dementia, addressing the existing gap in caregiver services and facilitating knowledge dissemination within the community. Trial registration: The trial has been registered on ClinicalTrial.gov (Ref: NCT05927805)