Study of on-board compression of earth resources data

The current literature on image bandwidth compression was surveyed and those methods relevant to compression of multispectral imagery were selected. Typical satellite multispectral data was then analyzed statistically and the results used to select a smaller set of candidate bandwidth compression techniques particularly relevant to earth resources data. These were compared using both theoretical analysis and simulation, under various criteria of optimality such as mean square error (MSE), signal-to-noise ratio, classification accuracy, and computational complexity. By concatenating some of the most promising techniques, three multispectral data compression systems were synthesized which appear well suited to current and future NASA earth resources applications. The performance of these three recommended systems was then examined in detail by all of the above criteria. Finally, merits and deficiencies were summarized and a number of recommendations for future NASA activities in data compression proposed

Islam and Democracy. Prospects and Possibilities. A Critical Analysis of the Theory of the Religious Democracy of Dr Abdulkarim Soroush

This research is about Islam and democracy and the political theory of ‘democratic religious government’ of Dr Abdulkarim Soroush, an Iranian scholar and one of the leading figures in the debate on Islam and democracy in the Islamic world. The research endeavours to answer several questions: How far has the debate on Islam and democracy developed? Was the Islamic revolution in Iran an Islamic revolution and has it been a step forward for democracy there and an example of the compatibility of Islam and democracy? What are the specificities of Soroush’s political theory and how far are they sustainable? Is he successful in offering, at least in theory, a political model that can accommodate Islam and democracy? The research puts Soroush’s political theory into context and begins by exploring the background of the debate on Islam and democracy and the debate concerning Shia political thought and the legacy of the Iranian revolution. My research finding in the first chapter is that the political challenges posed by democracy as a political system based on the rule of people, regardless of their faith or gender, have been the most serious challenges Islam and Muslims have faced, especially in the past few decades. It also demonstrates how immature the debate is. The second chapter reveals how the Iranian revolution puts Shia Islam on a new track so that it can neither go back to its isolationist position nor resist the trend of secularisation and democratisation. A religion that, I will argue, was an impediment for democracy and open society, has become a force for reconciliation of the faithful’s spiritual needs and their human rights. In the third chapter I explore Soroush’s religious beliefs and development in his religious thoughts. I will try to establish in this chapter how he has found Islam to be exposed to scholarly debate and an easy target for modern Muslim scholars and intellectuals equipped with modern methodology to rehearse it, adjust it and rationalise it in order for it to become compatible with modern forms of life and human rights. I also demonstrate in this chapter that whatever the contents of Soroush’s political theory, he is a faithful Muslim and his religious beliefs do not support a democratic political system. Soroush’s political theory is the topic of the fourth chapter. In this chapter I have discovered how Soroush removes religious hurdles through his religious theory in order to present his political theory. It appears that Soroush believes what we have in the name of religion is nothing more than our knowledge and interpretations of religion. Since these are human understandings, they are like other human knowledge and, therefore, they are historical products that are timely and open to critical analysis and adjustable to humans’ socially evolving demands. I also explain in the fourth chapter why Soroush feels the existence of religion in public life is under threat and therefore endeavours to reconcile religion with the realities of the modern era to secure a space for religion. In doing this, Soroush loses theoretical consistency because he makes every effort, though unsuccessfully, to become the champion of all across the political spectrum, whether religious or liberal. Soroush’s contribution to the debate on Islam and democracy is significant, but he fails, as it will be argued, to offer a viable political theory on the compatibility of Islam and democracy. The research concludes with an assessment of the prospects and possibilities of the ideas of compatibility of Islam and democracy and highlights the contradictions and challenges of the idea. The conclusion sets the steps and prerequisites for a serious debate on Islam and democracy and illuminates the tenability of the debate by raising serious doubts about the authenticity of the debate on Islam and democracy

Design of a digital compression technique for shuttle television

The determination of the performance and hardware complexity of data compression algorithms applicable to color television signals, were studied to assess the feasibility of digital compression techniques for shuttle communications applications. For return link communications, it is shown that a nonadaptive two dimensional DPCM technique compresses the bandwidth of field-sequential color TV to about 13 MBPS and requires less than 60 watts of secondary power. For forward link communications, a facsimile coding technique is recommended which provides high resolution slow scan television on a 144 KBPS channel. The onboard decoder requires about 19 watts of secondary power

Hubungan Daya Ledak Otot Lengan dan Bahu dengan Kemampuan Pukulan Lob Atlet Bulutangkis Club Gempars Fc Bhayangkara Bagan Siapi-api Kabupaten Rokan Hilir

, Background problem in this research is the lob badminton ability not optimal yet of being owned Gempars FC athletes. This problem can be seen from the observation of researchers during a match or training, it is suspected because of the explosive power arms and shoulders muscle. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a corelation explosive power arms and shoulders muscle with lob badminton ablitiy Gempars FC athletes. This type of research is correlational comparing the measurement results of two different variables in order to determine the degree of correlation between these variables. As independent variables (X1) is the explosive power arms and shoulders muscles, while the dependent variable (Y) is lob badminton ability. This research data obtained from two hand medicine ball put test, and lob badminton ability test. Based on the research results can be concluded as follows: There is a significant corelation between the explosive power arm and shoulders muscles (X1) to lob badminton ability (Y) Club Gempars Bhayangkara Siapi Bagan Api, obtained rhitung = 0,579> rtabel = 0.361

Peran Negara Dalam Implementasi Program Pembinaan Narapidana Wanita (Studi Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Wanita Kelas IIA Malang)

The role of the State is to run and care political, economic, security, social, and cultural. It also to give prosperity for its citizens fair and equitable. not exception inmates inside the prisons. in Indonesia problem of coaching in the penitentiary often neglected, even less attention from central and local government. The purpose of this study is to know the role of the State in implementation of prisoners development program, support and inhibiting Women in Prison Class IIA Malang. Meanwhile Research Methods used is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The result of this research is role of the State in the implementation of development programs in Women Prison Class IIA Malang already well underway and is in accordance with regulation applicable in Indonesia. development in Women Prison Class IIA Malang can run well because officers working with inmates called tamping