STUDI KELAYAKAN USAHA PRODUKSI IKAN AIR TAWAR DI DAERAH GONDANG REJO KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui potensi peluang usaha Agrobisnis dalam usaha Produksi Ikan Air Tawar di Kabupaten Karanganyar. Metode analisa yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, dan Payback periode. Adapun data yang yang digunakan adalah data perkembangan penduduk di daerah Gondangrejo tahun 2003-2007, data perkembangan jumlah lahan kolam ikan air tawar di daerah Gondangrejo tahun 2003-2007, data perkembangan jumlah ikan air tawar di daerah Gondangrejo tahun 2003-2007, dan data yang diperoleh secara langsung melalui wawancara langsung dengan petani ikan air tawar di daerah Gondangrejo Kabupaten karanganyar. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan maka hasilnya dapat di ketahui sebagai berikut, dari hasil perhitungan diketahui bahwa NPU yang dihasilkan bernilai positif, maka usulan investasi usaha produksi ikan air tawar layak dilaksanakan. perhitungan dengan Metode Internal Rate of Return sebesar 38,4 %, Sedangkan biaya modal yang dianggap sebagai discounrate sebesar 18 % maka usaha produksi ikan air tawar di Gondangrejo layak dilaksanakan. pada hasil pengolahan data berdasarkan aspek keuangan, diperoleh pay back periode selama 2 tahun 4 bulan. Artinya usaha ini berdasarkan modal yang di investasikan kembali dalam jangka dua tahun empat bulan

Temporally Resolved Intensity Contouring (TRIC) for characterization of the absolute spatio-temporal intensity distribution of a relativistic, femtosecond laser pulse

Today's high-power laser systems are capable of reaching photon intensities up to $10^{22}$ W/cm^2, generating plasmas when interacting with material. The high intensity and ultrashort laser pulse duration (fs) make direct observation of plasma dynamics a challenging task. In the field of laser-plasma physics and especially for the acceleration of ions, the spatio-temporal intensity distribution is one of the most critical aspects. We describe a novel method based on a single-shot (i.e. single laser pulse) chirped probing scheme, taking nine sequential frames at framerates up to THz. This technique, to which we refer as temporally resolved intensity contouring (TRIC) enables single-shot measurement of laser-plasma dynamics. Using TRIC, we demonstrate the reconstruction of the complete spatio-temporal intensity distribution of a high-power laser pulse in the focal plane at full pulse energy with sub picosecond resolution.Comment: Daniel Haffa, Jianhui Bin and Martin Speicher are corresponding author

Proton acceleration by irradiation of isolated spheres with an intense laser pulse

We report on experiments irradiating isolated plastic spheres with a peak laser intensity of 2-3 x 10(20) W cm(-2). With a laser focal spot size of 10 mu m full width half maximum (FWHM) the sphere diameter was varied between 520 nm and 19.3 mu m. Maximum proton energies of similar to 25 MeV are achieved for targets matching the focal spot size of 10 mu m in diameter or being slightly smaller. For smaller spheres the kinetic energy distributions of protons become nonmonotonic, indicating a change in the accelerating mechanism from ambipolar expansion towards a regime dominated by effects caused by Coulomb repulsion of ions. The energy conversion efficiency from laser energy to proton kinetic energy is optimized when the target diameter matches the laser focal spot size with efficiencies reaching the percent level. The change of proton acceleration efficiency with target size can be attributed to the reduced cross-sectional overlap of subfocus targets with the laser. Reported experimental observations are in line with 3D3V particle in cell simulations. They make use of well-defined targets and point out pathways for future applications and experiments.DFG via the Cluster of Excellence Munich-Centre for Advanced Photonics (MAP) Transregio SFB TR18NNSA DE-NA0002008Super-MUC pr48meIvo CermakCGC Instruments in design and realization of the Paul trap systemIMPRS-APSLMUexcellent Junior Research FundDAAD|ToIFEEuropean Union's Horizon research and innovation programme 633053Physic

I-BEAT: New ultrasonic method for single bunch measurement of ion energy distribution

The shape of a wave carries all information about the spatial and temporal structure of its source, given that the medium and its properties are known. Most modern imaging methods seek to utilize this nature of waves originating from Huygens' principle. We discuss the retrieval of the complete kinetic energy distribution from the acoustic trace that is recorded when a short ion bunch deposits its energy in water. This novel method, which we refer to as Ion-Bunch Energy Acoustic Tracing (I-BEAT), is a generalization of the ionoacoustic approach. Featuring compactness, simple operation, indestructibility and high dynamic ranges in energy and intensity, I-BEAT is a promising approach to meet the needs of petawatt-class laser-based ion accelerators. With its capability of completely monitoring a single, focused proton bunch with prompt readout it, is expected to have particular impact for experiments and applications using ultrashort ion bunches in high flux regimes. We demonstrate its functionality using it with two laser-driven ion sources for quantitative determination of the kinetic energy distribution of single, focused proton bunches.Comment: Paper: 17 Pages, 3 figures Supplementary Material 16 pages, 7 figure

Fostering environmental awareness through ecological art to enhance creativity in primary school students

The escalating environmental challenges, such as climate change and biodiversity loss, highlight the urgent need for education systems to foster environmental awareness and action in younger generations. This study investigates the integration of Ecological Art into the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5) in two Indonesian primary schools in contrasting ecological settings: a mountainous region and a coastal area. Employing a qualitative approach, the research examines how local ecological contexts influence students’ creativity, environmental awareness, and collaboration. Data were collected through observations, interviews, and document analysis to evaluate the role of Ecological Art in addressing local and global ecological concerns. Findings demonstrate that using natural materials such as bamboo and clay in the mountainous school reinforced connections to cultural heritage and sustainability. Conversely, the coastal school’s focus on recycling plastic waste underscored the urgency of combating pollution. Ecological art engages students emotionally and socially, fostering environmental consciousness and creative problem-solving skills. However, limited resources and insufficient teacher training were identified as barriers to broader implementation. This research highlights the potential of Ecological Art as a pedagogical tool to enhance sustainability education through place-based learning and community engagement. Recommendations are provided for educators and policymakers to adapt curricula to local ecological and cultural contexts, contributing to the broader discourse on transformative education for sustainability