Asymptotic expansions and fast computation of oscillatory Hilbert transforms

In this paper, we study the asymptotics and fast computation of the one-sided oscillatory Hilbert transforms of the form $$H^{+}(f(t)e^{i\omega t})(x)=-int_{0}^{\infty}e^{i\omega t}\frac{f(t)}{t-x}dt,\qquad \omega>0,\qquad x\geq 0,$$ where the bar indicates the Cauchy principal value and $f$ is a real-valued function with analytic continuation in the first quadrant, except possibly a branch point of algebraic type at the origin. When $x=0$, the integral is interpreted as a Hadamard finite-part integral, provided it is divergent. Asymptotic expansions in inverse powers of $\omega$ are derived for each fixed $x\geq 0$, which clarify the large $\omega$ behavior of this transform. We then present efficient and affordable approaches for numerical evaluation of such oscillatory transforms. Depending on the position of $x$, we classify our discussion into three regimes, namely, $x=\mathcal{O}(1)$ or $x\gg1$, $0<x\ll 1$ and $x=0$. Numerical experiments show that the convergence of the proposed methods greatly improve when the frequency $\omega$ increases. Some extensions to oscillatory Hilbert transforms with Bessel oscillators are briefly discussed as well.Comment: 32 pages, 6 figures, 4 table

On the optimal rates of convergence of Gegenbauer projections

In this paper we present a comprehensive convergence rate analysis of Gegenbauer projections. We show that, for analytic functions, the convergence rate of the Gegenbauer projection of degree $n$ is the same as that of the best approximation of the same degree when $\lambda\leq0$ and the former is slower than the latter by a factor of $n^{\lambda}$ when $\lambda>0$, where $\lambda$ is the parameter in Gegenbauer polynomials. For piecewise analytic functions, we demonstrate that the convergence rate of the Gegenbauer projection of degree $n$ is the same as that of the best approximation of the same degree when $\lambda\leq1$ and the former is slower than the latter by a factor of $n^{\lambda-1}$ when $\lambda>1$. The extension to functions of fractional smoothness is also discussed. Our theoretical findings are illustrated by numerical experiments.Comment: 30 pages; 8 figure