Non enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant activities in aqueous extract of different Ficus deltoidea accessions

Ficus deltoidea was used in this study due to its reputation in reducing risk of cancer, diabetes and heart diseases. In this study 13 accessions of F. deltoidea were selected and they were divided into two groups, generally named as, female and male plants based on leaf sizes and the spots present. The signature of F. deltoidea is that this plant has black spots representing the female leaf while red spots for the male leaf. For non enzymatic antioxidants, several methods were used, they were 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay for total antioxidant content. In addition, total polyphenol, flavonoid, phenolic acid and vitamin C content were also analyzed. Enzymatic antioxidants of F. deltoidea leaf extracts were assayed; ascorbate oxidase, peroxidase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase. For DPPH assay, F1 has 99.87% of inhibition while the lowest is in M10 (32.86 %). F13 has the highest total percentage of antioxidant for FRAP method and the lowest is in M4. Total polyphenol content showed F13 has the highest (1.30 mg/g FW) and M10 the lowest (0.49 mg/g FW). Similar trend was observed for total phenolic acid and flavonoid content. For both assays, F1 has the highest content while M10 is the lowest. For total vitamin C content, F8 and F7 have the highest and lowest content with 6.78 and 0.61 mg/g FW, respectively. Ascorbate oxidase, peroxidase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase were calculated using respective coefficient extinction and expressed as mg/g FW protein content. This study suggested that the extracts of the female leaves are better than male leaves in most of the assays. This is the first documented report on the antioxidants of F. deltoidea

Antioxidative properties of leaf extracts of a popular Malaysian herb, Labisia pumila.

A study was undertaken to examine the presence of antioxidative activities of two varieties of Labisia pumila; L. pumila var. Alata and L. pumila var. Pumila using DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene bleaching methods. In addition, ascorbic acid, β-carotene, anthocyanin, total flavonoid and total phenolic content were also analyzed. In eight methods studied, six of them showed high activities of antioxidant in L. pumila var. Alata compared to that of L. pumila var. Pumila. The results obtained showed that L. pumila var. Alata contained higher antioxidative activities in all three methods applied compared to var. Pumila. In DPPH, FRAP and β-carotene bleaching methods, L. pumila var. Alata had high antioxidant activities with 299.84 µM trolox/g db, 164.16 µM trolox/g db and 89.22%,respectively. The same pattern of antioxidant activities also can be observed in ascorbic acid, β-carotene and anthocyanin in L. pumila var. Alata compared to var. Pumila with 0.022, 3.175 and 0.328 mg/g FW, respectively. L. pumila var. Pumila had higher total flavonoid content than L. pumila var. Alata with 1.281 mg/g FW. For total phenolic content, no significant different was observed because the amount of total phenolic content ranging from 2.53 to 2.55 mg/g FW. There is a positive correlation between antioxidant capacities and individual antioxidative compounds in the following order β-carotene>flavonoid>vitamin C>total anthocyanins >phenolics

Instructional Methods Applied by Visually Impaired Teachers in Teaching Students with Intellectual Disability

AbstractThis study aims at investigating the instructional methods applied by the Islamic religious education teacher with visual impairment in teaching the students with mild and moderate intellectual disability.This study is a qualitative descriptive research. The data were collected through in-depthinterview, observation and documentation techniques. Triangulation is used as the technique to facilitate the validation of data, including the methods, sources and theories. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique includes data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing.The findings of this study reveal that in the learning activities, the visual impaired teacher uses several methods, including lecture method, discussion method, demonstration method, and assignment method on students with mild intellectual disability. Meanwhile, the methods used on students with moderate intellectual disability include lecture method, discussion method, storytelling method, demonstration method and drilling method. The process is equipped with learning media, including audio-visual media, screen reader technology, printouts in which self-helped students also provide assistance to the teacher.This study describes the learning process of Islamic religiouseducation conducted by visually impaired teacherand it is expected that the findings will provide insight and input for teachers in teaching students with intellectual disabilities both in schools for special needs and similar inclusive schools. Keywords: Methods, Visually Impaired Teachers, Intellectually Disability, Islamic Religious Educatio

Instructional Methods Applied by Visually Impaired Teachers in Teaching Students with Intellectual Disability

AbstractThis study aims at investigating the instructional methods applied by the Islamic religious education teacher with visual impairment in teaching the students with mild and moderate intellectual disability.This study is a qualitative descriptive research. The data were collected through in-depthinterview, observation and documentation techniques. Triangulation is used as the technique to facilitate the validation of data, including the methods, sources and theories. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique includes data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing.The findings of this study reveal that in the learning activities, the visual impaired teacher uses several methods, including lecture method, discussion method, demonstration method, and assignment method on students with mild intellectual disability. Meanwhile, the methods used on students with moderate intellectual disability include lecture method, discussion method, storytelling method, demonstration method and drilling method. The process is equipped with learning media, including audio-visual media, screen reader technology, printouts in which self-helped students also provide assistance to the teacher.This study describes the learning process of Islamic religiouseducation conducted by visually impaired teacherand it is expected that the findings will provide insight and input for teachers in teaching students with intellectual disabilities both in schools for special needs and similar inclusive schools. Keywords: Methods, Visually Impaired Teachers, Intellectually Disability, Islamic Religious Educatio

From digital learning to artificial intelligence: Enhancing autonomy among students of Islamic education

The digitalization of education has significantly broadened access to diverse learning resources, including Artificial Intelligence (AI)-powered tools, thereby offering new avenues for students to cultivate greater autonomy in their learning. This study investigates the level of learner autonomy, the contributing factors, and the potential of AI in supporting autonomous learning among undergraduate students of Islamic Religious Education in the digital learning era. Employing an explanatory mixed-methods design, the research integrates quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative data were collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to 103 students and analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative insights were obtained through semi-structured interviews with four participants. Quantitative findings reveal a high overall level of learner autonomy (mean = 3.66), particularly in students’ ability to access learning materials independently (mean = 4.07), utilize digital resources effectively (mean = 4.02), and select appropriate learning strategies (mean = 3.91). However, limitations persist in students’ reliance on lecturers for digital resource utilization (mean = 2.92) and moderate digital proficiency (mean = 3.56). Key contributing factors include the accessibility of digital learning resources (mean = 3.96) and lecturer guidance (mean = 3.76). Qualitative results highlight the promising potential of AI tools, such as chatbots, intelligent tutoring systems, and adaptive learning platforms, in providing personalized support, instant feedback, and motivation for independent learning. These findings underscore the importance of integrating AI technologies and tailored instructional strategies to foster learner autonomy. The study offers empirical evidence to inform curriculum development and policy initiatives that strengthen self-directed learning in Islamic higher education

Pendidikan Jasmani dalam Kitab At-Tahliyyah Wa At-Targhib dan Implikasinya dalam Pendidikan Islam

This study aims to find and describe the form of physical education in the book at-tahliyyah wa at-targhib by Sayyid Affandi Muhammad and its implications in Islamic education. This research is a library research with primary data from books and supported by secondary data to deepen this research. The data collection technique uses documentation, while the analysis uses content analysis. The results showed that physical education in the book at-tahliyyah wa at-targhib is following health rules in dressing, following health rules about housing, maintaining cleanliness, treating disease, getting used to exercise and regulating eating and drinking patterns. And the implication in Islamic education is that the goal of Islamic education is to form Insan al-kamil. These goals can be internalized in the curriculum. Meanwhile, educators can use the motion method as a learning method in PAI. Then for students is to pay attention and apply it such as maintaining cleanliness and maintaining their diet in everyday life

DESIGN OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IMPLEMENTATION IN ISLAMIC UNIVERSITIES

Purpose: The objective of the present study is to investigate the design of knowledge management (KM) implementation in State Islamic Universities, which possess the status of a Public Service Agency (BLU) and have implemented the remuneration system. KM is an approach to understand how knowledge is produced, stored, and distributed to improve the academic productivity. Methodology: It is a qualitative research with a phenomenological approach, which is conducted to reveal the KM implementation by exploring the knowledge management-related activities in Islamic universities in Indonesia. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, documentation and focus group discussions (FGDs). Data analysis was done through data reduction, data display, conclusions, and verification. Main Findings: The present study indicates that KM is designed by including: First, knowledge production sourced from the outcomes of research carried out by lecturers and academic staff members with various research schemes; Second, knowledge storage is done in offline and online modes (Offline storage includes printouts, journals, and proceedings while online storage is in the form of repositories, websites, and online journals); Third, knowledge distribution is done through printouts, electronic systems, conventional lectures, and references. The KM implementation will be optimal with the support of relevant policies from the top management. Applications: The present study provides an overview of KM design that can be used as a framework by the actors and policy makers in educational institutions. Novelty / Originality: The novelty of the present study is on the description and the KM flow design in State Islamic Universities in Indonesia

Oil Palm Frond Juice as Future Fermentation Substrate: A Feasibility Study

Oil palm frond (OPF) juice is a potential industrial fermentation substrate as it has high sugars content and the OPF are readily available daily. However, maximum sugars yield and storage stability of the OPF juice are yet to be determined. This study was conducted to determine the effect of physical pretreatment and storage duration of OPF petiole on sugars yield. Storage stability of OPF juice at different storing conditions was also investigated. It was found that OPF petiole squeezed by hydraulic pressing machine gave the highest sugars recovery at almost 40 g/kg, accounting for a recovery yield of 88%. Storage of OPF petiole up to 72 hrs prior to squeezing reduced the free sugars by 11 g/kg. Concentrated OPF juice with 95% water removal had the best storage stability at both 4 and , when it was stored for 10 days. Moreover, concentrated OPF syrup prepared by thermal processing did not give any Maillard effect on microbial growth. Based on our results, OPF juice meets all the criteria as a good fermentation substrate as it is renewable, consistently available, and easy to be obtained, it does not inhibit microbial growth and product formation, and it contains no impurities