Coming Out about Pre-service Teachers: Knowledge and Attitudes of Pre-service Teacher Toward Lesbian, Gay and Bisexual People

The Commission on Teacher Credentialing (CTC) charges pre-service teacher credential candidates with the expectation of providing equitable access to core curriculum by maximizing academic achievment for all students, including those who are from lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB) and other diverse backgrounds. (Commission on Teacher Credentialing, 2014). Based on facts reported by The Trevor Project and the findings of the 2013 National School Climate Survey of the Gay, Lesbian, and Straight Education Network (GLSEN), students who are LGB experience a much higher rate of both bullying and suicide in their developmental years compared to others in their age group. As such, these students are at a disadvantage in the classroom. Without the knowledge, support, and acceptance of their teachers, LGB youth will continue having a hard time succeeding during their K-12 educational careers. How are pre-service teacher credential candidates being prepared to equitably and inclusively educate students who are sexual minorities? The literature reveals the following: bullying and harassment of LGB students are serious problems in the public school setting as reported by the Harris Interactive and the Gay, Lesbian, and Straight Education Network (GLSEN) in 2005, pre-service teachers\u27 understandings of and abilities to create safe spaces for LGB youth is needed if the pre-service teachers are to be allies for LGB youth (Kearns, Mitton-Kukner, & Tompkins, 2014), pre-service teacher development of culturally responsive, equity-focused pedagogy and developing cultural knowledge and sensitivity are critical components in teaching diverse students (Athanases & Martin, 2006), and pre-service teacher education should equip potential educators with knowledge, awareness, and competencies about inequities to work with diverse populations. (Wyatt, Oswalt, White, & Peterson, 2008). The purpose of this study is to survey pre-service teacher credential candidates at a small, private, university in Northern California in order to analyze their attitudes and knowledge of LGB people and make appropriate recommendations as necessary

Pre-Service Teacher Candidates’ Knowledge and Attitudes of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual People

The California Commission on Teacher Credentialing (CTC) mandates teachers to provide equitable access to the core curriculum by maximizing academic achievement for all students, including those who are lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB), (Commission on Teacher Credentialing, 2014). Without the knowledge, support, and acceptance of their teachers, LGB youth will experience multiple challenges during their K-12 educational careers. Scholarly literature reveals that the understanding and abilities of pre-service teachers to create safe spaces for LGB youth needs to be developed if pre-service teachers are eventually to become allies for LGB youth (Kearns, Mitton-Kukner, & Tompkins, 2014). Pre-service teacher education bears the responsibility of equipping potential educators with the knowledge, awareness, and competencies to address the educational inequities of both access and success for diverse populations (Wyatt, Oswalt, White, & Peterson, 2008). The following quantitative study surveyed a sample of the pre-service teacher population in California to examine their knowledge of, and attitudes toward LGB people. The results indicated that the attitudes of pre-service teacher candidates toward LGB people were not significantly different from the general population, showing that pre-service teachers do tend to hold personal biases which may affect their interation with LGB students. Additionally, the results from this study also indicated that the knowledge of pre-service teacher candidates regarding LGB people is limited, and suggest that there may be opportunities for improvement

Report on the relation between malarial fever among Her Majesty's white troops at Port Louis, Mauritius, and the meteorological elements of temperature, rainfall, and relative humidity for the year 1889, with a preliminary sketch of the medical topography of the island and the epidemic of malarial fever in 1866-67

Malaria probably exists at Port Louis during the whole year, but it is especially abundant in the hot, damp, rainy season. Ever since the first outbreak of malarial fever in 1866 this disease has been endemic in Mauritius, and every year it has caused a very large amount of sickness and invaliding among the troops quartered in the command. Since the first outbreak among the troops in 1866, the Army Medical Officers stationed in Mauritius have uniformly recommended the construction of new barracks on the elevated central plateau of the island, and the transfer thereto of the whole garrison, as the only effectual method of preventing the occurrence of malarial fever among the troops. New barracks to accommodate all the white troops have been quite recently constructed at Curepipe Camp, 1,880 feet above sea level. If all the troops are kept there throughout the whole year, and proper care taken of the sanitary arrangements of the barracks, it is most probable that in future years the health of the troops quartered in the Mauritius command will compare favourably with that of the troops in the United Kingdom. In time of war the whole garrison will be transferred to Port Louis for the purpose of manning the forts which defend the harbour 25 and coaling station ; and in time of peace the troops will probably be stationed there annually for a few months in the cool season for drill purposes. In the latter case, the months of July, August, and September would be the best time of the year, when the weather is cool and little malaria prevails.I think that there is little doubt but that the high sick rate from malarial fever in Port Louis is due to the malaria produced in the soil of the town itself and its immediate neighbourhood, and not to malaria carried from any great distance by the wind. I am, therefore, of opinion that the health of the town could be much improved by constructing a complete system of water-sewerage and drainage for the town, combined with subsoil drainage of the town itself and the surrounding country within a mile of the outskirts of the town. In this area all marshy and swampy land should be reclaimed, pools of brackish water should be drained and filled up with earth, undergrowth of rank vegetation should be cleared away and permanently kept under, and selected species of trees planted in suitable localities. Subsoil drainage, by lowering the level of the underground water, and thereby diminishing the relative humidity of the atmosphere, is the improvement most likely to lead to the greatest reduction of malaria. Trees also, by absorbing moisture through their roots, would contribute to the drainage of the soil and the lowering of the level of the underground wate

Thermal Imagery in Plant Phenotyping: Assessing Stomatal Conductance through Energy Balance Modelling

The importance of temperature data in plant phenotyping applications is well known as is the difficulty of correlating temperature to plant behaviours. This work investigates the emission of thermal radiation from plant leaves to validate non-contact temperature measurements as well as modelling approaches to extend the use of temperature data obtained continuously from outdoor field crops. Temperature data and weather data are combined to calculate a stomatal resistance to water loss to satisfy an energy balance. Several approaches to modelling an energy balance and their results are compared and contrasted

Safe Zone: 101 Training Manual

Goals of the DUOC Safe Zone Program: • To increase the overall campus community’s understanding and awareness of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender issues • To provide a greater sense of safety for the gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender student community • To offer information to straight allies in positions where they may be in contact with lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender people (as classmates, roommates, friends, residents, students, staff, faculty, etc.) • To act as a resource of information regarding homophobia, heterosexism, transphobia and LGBTQ issues on the DUOC campus

Stakeholders: a source of competitive advantage? An analysis of the influence of stakeholders on the strategies of independent, rural, Scottish museums during their organisational life cycle.

Data indicates that Scottish museum attendance is rising annually, yet anecdotal comments appear to contradict this evidence. Explanations for this dichotomy are inevitably complex and varied, but variations in organisational performance have been explained by the Resource-Based View, which argues an organisation's competitive advantage stems from its ability to access and use resources. This perspective is examined through the concept of stakeholder theory. This thesis investigates the influence stakeholders have on independent, rural Scottish museums during the organisational life cycle, and whether this is a source of competitive advantage. The research involved an exploratory survey to scope the characteristics and environment in which Scotland's museums were operating, but also a typology for further research. The outcome was to adopt a phenomenological approach to investigate fourteen independent, rural, museums strategies during the organisational life cycle, drawing on stakeholder models proposed by Mitchell, Agle & Wood (1997) and Jawahar & McLaughlin (2001). This process involved interviewing 141 stakeholders to discuss their experiences in shaping these museums' strategies. Using narrative analysis, it emerged that these museums' strategies were influenced by different stakeholders during the organisational life cycle and this is reflected in a model developed from these findings. Growth museums were characterised by either an entrepreneurial leader or a board of trustees working in collaboration with key paid staff to access resources, particularly funding. By contrast, mature stage museums were dominated by a definitive stakeholder centred on a group of trustees who also occupied other stakeholder groups, notably volunteers and the community. This definitive stakeholder provided these museums with many of their resources, which proved to be an organisational strength, but also a weakness. The museum in decline and which ceased trading during this study, closed as a result of losing the definitive stakeholder's confidence and withdrawing funding. It was evident that stakeholders did influence museum strategy, but the definitive stakeholder explained a museum's competitive advantagesub_behunpub99_ethesesunpu

Project-oriented strategic management of UK construction firms – towards corporate diversification: critical literature review

Purpose: The paper analyses the strategic management strategies of UK Construction Contracting Firms (CCFs) and their impact on the industry, highlighting their fragmentation, high-risk, low-profit nature and low profit returns. It suggests proactive strategies for sustainable growth and explores the potential of corporate diversification. Design/methodology/approach: Utilising a thematic critical literature review, specific inclusion/exclusion criteria are used to select relevant literature together with a thematic qualitative synthesis data analysis approach to identify trends and challenges. Findings: UK CCFs primarily use reactive and project-based strategic management, which may not align with long-term success due to market volatility, reactive supply, fragmentation, high competition and lack of differentiation. The short-term business cycle makes medium- to long-term strategy development difficult. It is recommended that CCFs adopt proactive strategic management and consider corporate diversification for enhanced competitiveness, stability and performance. Although there are conflicting findings on the impact of diversification on firm performance, this research suggests that it is a viable strategy for achieving enhanced firm performance and competitive advantage. Research limitations/implications: The importance of proactive corporate strategies for CCFs is emphasised to overcome industry challenges, promote sustainable growth and enhance competitiveness. Corporate diversification, cultural transformation, management qualifications promotion and talent development collaboration are advocated, providing valuable insights for practitioners, policymakers and researchers. Practical implications: The practical implications of this research involve fostering a shift towards proactive and dynamic strategic management in the UK construction industry, addressing the historical neglect of broader strategic perspectives and empowering practitioners and academics to drive positive change and innovation within the sector. Social implications: The social implications of this research encompass the potential to enhance the overall efficiency, sustainability and collaborative dynamics within the UK construction industry, which can ultimately contribute to improved infrastructure development and the well-being of communities. Originality/value: Project-driven strategic management in the UK construction industry is explored, questioning the reactive approach used by CCFs. It provides insights, best practices and improvement areas, emphasising diversification, proactive corporate strategies, cultural shifts and industry improvement, spanning theory, practice and theory.</p