Finite temperature phase transition for disordered weakly interacting bosons in one dimension

It is commonly accepted that there are no phase transitions in one-dimensional (1D) systems at a finite temperature, because long-range correlations are destroyed by thermal fluctuations. Here we demonstrate that the 1D gas of short-range interacting bosons in the presence of disorder can undergo a finite temperature phase transition between two distinct states: fluid and insulator. None of these states has long-range spatial correlations, but this is a true albeit non-conventional phase transition because transport properties are singular at the transition point. In the fluid phase the mass transport is possible, whereas in the insulator phase it is completely blocked even at finite temperatures. We thus reveal how the interaction between disordered bosons influences their Anderson localization. This key question, first raised for electrons in solids, is now crucial for the studies of atomic bosons where recent experiments have demonstrated Anderson localization in expanding very dilute quasi-1D clouds.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure

Primerjava incidence črevesnih tumorjev povzročenih z 1,2-dimetilhidrazinom med sevoma podgan Wistar in Fischer

Background. Many investigators have observed differences in the susceptibilityto induce intestinal tumors by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) between various strains of rodents. The results are difficult to compare because of the different regimes used for induction. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the influence of strain on DMH-induced intestinal tumors between Wistar and Fischer rats. Materials and rreethods. We used 29 Fischer and 30 Wistar male rats that were injected subcutaneously DMH, weekly, at a dosage of 25 mg/kg-body weight for 20 weeks. After 25 weeks from the beginningof the experiment, the animals were sacrificed and autopsied. The complete length of colorectum and all macroscopic changes were examined histologically. Results. The induction of intestinal tumors was 97% in Fischerrats and 100% in Wistar rats. In Wistar rats 184 tumors were found: 133adenomas, 50 tubular adenocarcinomas and 1 signet-cell carcinoma. 77% of careinamas were found in colorectum and 23% in the small intestine. In Fiseherrats, 126 tumors were found: 94 adenomas, 26 tubular adenocarcinomas, 5signet-cell carcinomas and 1 mucinous carcinoma42% of carcinomas were foundin the colorectum and 58% in the small intestine. The strain difference in the incidence of all induced tumors was statistically significant (P=0.001). The differences in the occurrence of the malignant and benign tumors was also significant (P<0.001P=0.011). Extra intestinal tumors were not found. Conclusions. Wistar rats showed greater percentage of colorectal tumors, and also the distribution of tumors in colorectum resembled more the distribution found in human pathology. That is why we reeommend Wistar rat rather than Fischer rat for the research work on the colorectal tumors.Izhodišče. Pri eksperimentalni indukciji intestinalnih tumorjev z 1,2-dimetilhidrazinom (DMH) so raziskovalci opazovali različno občutljivost posameznih sevov podgan. Rezultate je težko primerjati zaradi uporabe različnih režimov indukcije. Naš namen je bil oceniti vpliv sevov Wistar in Fischer podgan na indukcijo intestinalnih tumorjev z DMH. Materiali in metode.Uporabili smo 29 samcev seva Fischer in 30 samcev seva Wistar. Crevesnetumorje smo inducirali s podkožno aplikacijo DMH v dozi 25 mg/kg, enkrat tedensko, 20 tednov zapored. Po 25 tednih smo živali žrtvovali in jih obducirali. Histološko smo ovrednotili vse makroskopske najdbe ter celotno dolžino debelega črevesa. Rezultati. Indukcija črevesnih tumorjev je uspela pri 97% živali seva Fischer in 100% seva Wistar. Pri sevu Wistar smo našli 184tumorjev, od tega 133 adenomov, 50 tubulnih adenokarcinomov in 1 pečatnocelični karcinom77% karcinomov smo našli v kolorektumu, 23% pa v tankem črevesu. Pri sevu Fischer smo našli 126 tumorjev, od tega 94 adenomov, 26 tubulnih adenokarcinomov, 5 pečatnoceličnih karcinomov in 1 mucinozni karcinom. V tankem črevesu smo našli 58% karcinomov, 42% pa v kolorektumu. Zunajčrevesnih tumorjev nismo našli pri nobenem sevu. Razlika med sevoma v pojavnosti vseh črevesnih tumorjev je bila statistično značilna (P=0,001). Značilni sta bili tudi razliki v pojavnosti malignih (P<0,001) in benignih (P=0,011) tumorjev. Zaključki. Pri živalih seva Wistar smo ugotovili statistično značilno večjo pojavnost tumorjev debelega črevesa. Tudi razporeditev tumorjev v debelem črevesu pri sevu Wistar je bila bolj podobna razporeditvi pri človeku. Zato se nam zdi sev Wistar primernejši kot sev Fischer za eksperimentalni model za študije tumorjev debelega črevesa

Antibody Mediated Rejection in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Antibody mediated rejection (ABMR) presents a significant challenge for long term graft survival in kidney transplantation. New technologies, including genomic studies and assays to detect and define donor-specific antibodies, have provided important insights into the pathophysiology and diagnosis of ABMR. Unfortunately, this progress has not yet translated into better outcomes for patients, as in the absence of a drug able to suppress antibody generation by plasma cells, available therapies can only slow down graft destruction. This chapter reviews the current understanding of ABMR, and details its diagnosis, and treatments, both those established in current routine clinical practice and those on the horizon

Viral Infections after Kidney Transplantation: CMV and BK

Opportunistic infections commonly occur during the first 6 months after kidney transplant, including cytomegalovirus (CMV) and polyomaviruses. Viral pathogens such as CMV and polyomaviruses, JC or BK virus (BKV), are able to replicate in the kidney and/or cause systemic disease, and symptomatic infection with these agents can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised host. While BK virus usually replicates in kidney transplant causing BK virus nephropathy (BKN) with characteristic decoy cells in the urine, CMV infection more often leads to systemic infection involving the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), lungs, or liver and can only sporadically be detected in renal transplant. In both cases, the disease is most often due to reactivation of a latent virus. Prevention and early treatment of posttransplant infection are therefore crucial with kidney transplant recipients. Since BKV viruria and viremia can be seen without renal injury and viral nephropathy, a diagnosis of BKN must be confirmed by renal biopsy. To date, preemptive treatment is the best strategy for CMV infection, while no available standard therapy, except for reduction of immunosuppression, is available for BKV infection

BUSINESS USE OF VIRTUAL AND AUGMENTED REALITY

Glavna tema ovog završnog rada je primjena virtualne i proširene stvarnosti u poslovanju. Virtualna stvarnost, ponekad još naziva virtualnim okruženjem je privukla mnogo pozornosti posljednjih nekoliko godina. Virtualna stvarnost i virtualno okruženje se koristi u računalnoj zajednici naizmjenično. Virtualna stvarnost je moćna tehnologija koja obećava promjenu naših života za razliku od bilo koje druge. Zahvaljujući umjetnom poticanju naših osjetila, naše tijelo postaje primorano prihvatiti drugu verziju stvarnosti. Proširena stvarnost je među najbržim rastućim tehnologijama i implementirana je u različita područja života. Korisnicima omogućuje da vide i percipiraju fizički svijet oko sebe na drugačiji privlačniji i interaktivniji način upotrebe svojih mobilnih uređaja. Cilj rada je otkriti potencijal virtualne i proširene stvarnosti tehnologije za poboljšanje tvrtke aktivnosti i kampanja te ih učiniti više interaktivnim i kreativnim.The main theme of this final work is the application of virtual and expanded business realities. Virtual reality, sometimes called a virtual environment has attracted a lot of attention over the last few years. The virtual reality and the virtual environment are used in the computer community alternately. Virtual reality is a powerful technology that promises to change our lives as opposed to any other. Thanks to the artificial stimulation of our senses, our body becomes forced to accept a different version of reality. The expanded reality is among the fastest growing technologies and has been implemented in different areas of life. It enables users to see and perceive the physical world around them in a different, more attractive and interactive way to use their mobile devices. The goal of the paper is to discover the potential of virtual and extended reality technology to improve the company's activities and campaigns and make them more interactive and creativ

Pathophysiological Changes and Systemic Inflammation in Brain Dead Organ Donors: Effect on Graft Quality

Transplantation is the definitive treatment of end-stage organ disease. As the shortage of suitable organs poses its main limitation, the active management of potential organ donors becomes increasingly more important. The majority of solid organs are still obtained from donors after confirmed brain death. Brain death is the complete and irreversible cessation of all brain functions, and triggers a variety of severe pathophysiological changes in cardiovascular, hormonal and metabolic status that can result in organ damage. Moreover, brain death is associated with massive inflammatory response with a cytokine storm and complement activation that increases graft immunogenicity and adversely affects graft survival. Organs from brain-dead donors are more prone to graft dysfunction and rejection when compared to organs obtained from living donors. Brain death is thus believed to be an important risk factor influencing the quality of organs before procurement

Insights on the Atmospheric-Pressure Plasma-Induced Free-Radical Polymerization of Allyl Ether Cyclic Carbonate Liquid Layers

Plasma-induced free-radical polymerizations rely on the formation of radical species to initiate polymerization, leading to some extent of monomer fragmentation. In this work, the plasma-induced polymerization of an allyl ether-substituted six-membered cyclic carbonate (A6CC) is demonstrated and emphasizes the retention of the cyclic carbonate moieties. Taking advantage of the low polymerization tendency of allyl monomers, the characterization of the oligomeric species is studied to obtain insights into the effect of plasma exposure on inducing free-radical polymerization. In less than 5 min of plasma exposure, a monomer conversion close to 90% is obtained. The molecular analysis of the oligomers by gel permeation chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (GPC-HRMS) further confirms the high preservation of the cyclic structure and, based on the detected end groups, points to hydrogen abstraction as the main contributor to the initiation and termination of polymer chain growth. These results demonstrate that the elaboration of surfaces functionalized with cyclic carbonates could be readily elaborated by atmospheric-pressure plasmas, for instance, by copolymerization

BUSINESS USE OF VIRTUAL AND AUGMENTED REALITY

Glavna tema ovog završnog rada je primjena virtualne i proširene stvarnosti u poslovanju. Virtualna stvarnost, ponekad još naziva virtualnim okruženjem je privukla mnogo pozornosti posljednjih nekoliko godina. Virtualna stvarnost i virtualno okruženje se koristi u računalnoj zajednici naizmjenično. Virtualna stvarnost je moćna tehnologija koja obećava promjenu naših života za razliku od bilo koje druge. Zahvaljujući umjetnom poticanju naših osjetila, naše tijelo postaje primorano prihvatiti drugu verziju stvarnosti. Proširena stvarnost je među najbržim rastućim tehnologijama i implementirana je u različita područja života. Korisnicima omogućuje da vide i percipiraju fizički svijet oko sebe na drugačiji privlačniji i interaktivniji način upotrebe svojih mobilnih uređaja. Cilj rada je otkriti potencijal virtualne i proširene stvarnosti tehnologije za poboljšanje tvrtke aktivnosti i kampanja te ih učiniti više interaktivnim i kreativnim.The main theme of this final work is the application of virtual and expanded business realities. Virtual reality, sometimes called a virtual environment has attracted a lot of attention over the last few years. The virtual reality and the virtual environment are used in the computer community alternately. Virtual reality is a powerful technology that promises to change our lives as opposed to any other. Thanks to the artificial stimulation of our senses, our body becomes forced to accept a different version of reality. The expanded reality is among the fastest growing technologies and has been implemented in different areas of life. It enables users to see and perceive the physical world around them in a different, more attractive and interactive way to use their mobile devices. The goal of the paper is to discover the potential of virtual and extended reality technology to improve the company's activities and campaigns and make them more interactive and creativ