Neural Network-Based Approach for Analysis of Rigid Pavement Systems Using Deflection Data

This paper focuses on the development of backcalculation models based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) for predicting the layer moduli of the jointed plain concrete pavements, that is, the elastic modulus of the portland cement concrete (PCC) layer and the coefficient of subgrade reaction for the pavement foundation. The ANN-based models were trained to predict the layer moduli by using the falling-weight deflectometer (FWD) deflection basin data and the thickness of the concrete pavement structure. The ISLAB2000 finite element program, extensively tested and validated for more than 20 years, has been employed as an advanced structural model for solving the responses of the rigid pavement systems and generating a knowledge database. ANN-based backcalculation models trained with the results from the ISLAB2000 solutions have been found to be viable alternatives for rapid assessment (capable of analyzing 100,000 FWD deflection profiles in a single second) of the rigid pavement systems. The trained ANN-based models are capable of predicting the concrete pavement parameters with very low

Uji Adaptasi Teknologi Budidaya Bawang Merah di Kabupaten Enrekang Sulawesi Selatan

Application of Shallot Cultivation Technology in Enrekang, South Sulawesi. Shallot is one of the important vegetable crops in South Sulawesi, but the level of productivity is still low at 6 t / ha. This is caused partly by the lack of specific location technology. The purpose of the assessment is to to get a package of shallot cultivation technology appropriate and in accordance with local conditions. Assessments conducted at Tominawa Village, Baraka Sub-district, Enrekang District from March to December 2008, using a paired plot design, with two treatments: (1) The application of cultivation technology and (2) Cultivation of farmer ways. The assessment indicated that the application of cultivation technology as recommended giving shallot growth better than the way farmers plant growth. In this treatment of tuber fresh weight per 10 groves of shallots, tubers and higher tuber diameter of each 937 g, 3.86 cm and 4.20 cm. Furthermore, the number of tubers per hill and tuber dry weight per 10 clusters each tuber and 810 g. 7.28 While the yield obtained on the recommendation technology is 2772 kg/ha, equivalent 0.35 7.92 t/ha. Acceptance of farmers on the application of technology recommended treatment is USD. 30,492,000 as of 0.35 ha with RC ratio of 2.45

Neural Network-based Backcalculation Models for Non-Destructive Evaluation of Rigid Airfield Pavement Systems

Heavy Weight Deflectometer (HWD) tests were routinely conducted on three Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) test items in the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA\u27s) National Airport Pavement Test Facility (NAPTF) to verify the uniformity of the test pavement structures and to measure pavement responses during full-scale traffic testing. A six-wheel aircraft landing gear with dual-tridem configuration was trafficked on the north side of the test pavement while the south side was trafficked by a four-wheel landing gear with dual tandem configuration. HWD tests were conducted before and during traffic testing at slab center, at longitudinal joints and at transverse joints. Substantial corner cracking occurred in all three of the rigid pavement test items after 28 passes of traffic had been completed. Trafficking continued until the rigid items were deemed failed. This paper presents an Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) based approach for backcalculating the NAPTF rigid pavement properties. The study findings illustrate the complexity of backcalculating properties of rigid pavements subjected to full-scale dynamic traffic testing. Apart from other complicating factors such as the slab curling and warping behavior, the test pavements exhibited corner cracks within few passes of traffic loading which further complicated the interpretation of HWD test results

Study of Dissimilar Welding AA6061 Aluminium Alloy and AZ31B Magnesium Alloy with ER5356 Filler Using Friction Stir Welding

This paper is to study of dissimilar welding AA6061 aluminium alloy and AZ31B magnesium alloy with ER5356 filler using friction stir welding. 2 mm thick plates of aluminium and magnesium were used. Friction stir welding operations were performed at different rotation and travel speeds and used the fixed tilt angle which is 3°. The rotation speeds varied from 800 to 1100 rpm, and the travel speed varied from 80 to 100 mm/min. In the range rotation speed of 800 to 1000 rpm and welding speed of 80 to 100 mm/min there are no defect at the weld. Tensile test show the higher tensile strength is 198 MPa and the welding efficiency is about 76%

Siklus Pemecahan Masalah dalam Implementasi Desa dan Kelurahan Siaga Aktif di Kota Tidore Kepulauan

Autonomy within the framework of active alert village is one of the obligatory functions of the City/ District Government, which was then handed over to the village implementation. This study aimed to analyze the implementation of problem solving cycle of the active alert village in Tidore Islands City. This type of research was a qualitative research with a case study approach. Data was collected with the method of triangulation in-depth interviews, review of documents, diaries, and observation. The result shows that on the case of introduction of villages condition on the active alert village, most informants declare that there is a village forum, there are cadres of health and there is an easy access to basic health services. On the case of identification of health problems and healthy behaviour of PHBS, most informants could identify health problems and there is a priority to solve the health problem, informants could identify the causes of health problems and the resources to solve the health problems. On the case of village-meeting, most informants declare that there is a socialization on the topic of health problems, an agreement on priority-order to solve health problems, and there is an agreement to organize UKBM. On the case of participatory planning, most informants declare that there will be UKBM to be formed, the facilities that need to be built, and the activities that need to be implemented. On the case of implementation of activities, most informants declare that there is a willingness to organize UKBM, the appointment of health-cadre, and the implementation of activities. On the case of regular meeting, most informants declare that there is a regular meeting and refresher courses for cadres .It is expected that village cadres would get a training or courses to be more skillful. Keywords: Problem Solving Cycle, Implementation, Active Alert Villag

الأحكا الفقهية اب٤ستفادة من غزكة خيبر بُ اب٤عاملات )دراسة مقارنة( بٕث مقد لنيل د رجة اب٤اجستبّ بُ الشريعة الإسلامية ب رنامج اب٤اجستبّ بُ الشريعة الإسلامية جامعة سوراكرتا ا﵀مدية Al ahkam Al fiqqiyah Al mustafaadah Min Gozwati Khaibar Fil Muamalh

Khaibar is a battle whom Prophet Sallallaahu Alaihi Wasallam is involved to fight against the accursed Jews. This war has a great position in Islamic history whereas Allah azza wa jalla distinguishes between the truth and the falsehood. Beside Allah cuts the roots of Kufur, Khaibar battle has also taught Moslem about some Fiqh laws related with multiple discourses in Islam. They are associated with the cleansing from impurities, worship, human relationship, eating and drinking manner. This thesis discussed about Fiqh law which is related Muamalah/Human relationship as the main subject discussion, citing the opinions from some scholars about the subject, and concludes by mentioning the most preferable opinion according to the author. In writing this thesis the author applied “Istiqro” and “Istimbathy” method, in which the author explored and used some Fiqh law related with human relationship and then gathers and compared all scholar’ opinions of Fiqh, includes their evidences. The author also applied At-Tahlily method, where the author described and explaind Fiqh problem and its postulate related with human relationship. And then the author also stated some corrections for the postulate if exists. In the conclusion the author will mention the most preferable opinions and their evidences. Based in the theory that has been written, the author can conclud these following results: “Musaaqoh” and “Muzaaro'ah” are legal or permissible, the illegitimacy of “Riba Fadl” and temporary marriages, the suggestion to conduct wedding party, then the illegitimacy of initiating combat (attacking) against the infidels in particular months (Zulqoidah, Zulhijjah, Muharram, Rojab), the permissible of conducting a truce with the enemy on certain condition which gives benefit for Moslems, the necessity of removing “Ahlul-Zimmah” from Arabian peninsula, and the permissible to fight the infidels without preceded by persuading them to islam if they have got the message of “Da’wah

Distribution, frequency and occurrence of cereal nematodes on the Central Anatolian Plateau in Turkey and their relationship with soil physicochemical properties

The distribution of important plant-parasitic and free-living nematodes in the cereal production areas of the Central Anatolian Plateau (CAP) of Turkey was investigated with systematic surveys. Two important plant-parasitic nematode groups were found widely distributed; cereal-cyst nematodes (78.3%) and root-lesion nematodes (42.6%). Cereal cyst nematodes (CCN) were identified as Heterodera filipjevi in 18 provinces. Heterodera latipons was found in only one province. Pratylenchus thornei and P. neglectus were the most widely distributed species of root-lesion nematodes. Other frequently recorded plant-parasitic nematodes belonged to the genera Geocenamus (52.4%), Pratylenchoides (35.6%), Helicotylenchus (29.7%) and Paratylenchus (19.2%). Konya on the southern CAP had a significantly high incidence of P. neglectus as well as free-living nematodes. The incidence of CCN was greatest in areas of sandy soils on the CAP, with densities of up to 95 cysts (100 g soil)-1. Population densities of Geocenamus, Pratylenchus and Pratylenchoides were high in some locations. Soil physicochemical properties were investigated for their relationship to nematode distribution. There was a slight positive correlation of P. thornei and clay content; conversely, there was a significant negative correlation of P. neglectus with clay and a positive correlation with sand. Electrical conductivity (EC) was positively correlated with P. neglectus. Nematodes in the genera Helicotylenchus, Paratylenchus, Trophurus and Tylenchorhynchus were only recorded at low population densities in the sampled area. By contrast, nematodes in the genera Aphelenchus, Aphelenchoides, Ditylenchus, Dorylaimus, Tylenchus and bacterivorous genera had relatively high populations. Total free-living nematodes were positively correlated with EC and zinc (Zn) concentration. The Zn content of soil was generally at a level deficient for plant growt

The Effect of the Pairing Interaction on the Energies of Isobar Analog Resonances in 112−124^{112-124}Sb and Isospin Admixture in 100−124^{100-124}Sn Isotopes

In the present study, the effect of the pairing interaction and the isovector correlation between nucleons on the properties of the isobar analog resonances (IAR) in $^{112-124}$Sb isotopes and the isospin admixture in $^{100-124}$Sn isotopes is investigated within the framework of the quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA). The form of the interaction strength parameter is related to the shell model potential by restoring the isotopic invariance of the nuclear part of the total Hamiltonian. In this respect, the isospin admixtures in the $^{100-124}$Sn isotopes are calculated, and the dependence of the differential cross section and the volume integral $J_{F}$ for the Sn($^{3}$He,t)Sb reactions at E($^{3}$He)$=200$ MeV occurring by the excitation of IAR on mass number A is examined. Our results show that the calculated value for the isospin mixing in the $^{100}$Sn isotope is in good agreement with Colo et al.'s estimates $(4-5$, and the obtained values for the volume integral change within the error range of the value reported by Fujiwara et al. (53$\pm$5 MeV fm$^{3}$). Moreover, it is concluded that although the differential cross section of the isobar analog resonance for the ($^{3}$He,t) reactions is not sensitive to pairing correlations between nucleons, a considerable effect on the isospin admixtures in $N\approx Z$ isotopes can be seen with the presence of these correlations.Comment: 16 pages, 5 EPS figures and 2 tables, Late

Leaf-applied sodium chloride promotes cadmium accumulation in durum wheat grain

Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in durum wheat grain is a growing concern. Among the factors affecting Cd accumulation in plants, soil chloride (Cl) concentration plays a critical role. The effect of leaf NaCl application on grain Cd was studied in greenhouse-grown durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. durum, cv. Balcali-2000) by immersing (10 s) intact flag leaves into Cd and/or NaCl-containing solutions for 14 times during heading and dough stages. Immersing flag leaves in solutions containing increasing amount of Cd resulted in substantial increases in grain Cd concentration. Adding NaCl alone or in combination with the Cd-containing immersion solution promoted accumulation of Cd in the grains, by up to 41%. In contrast, Zn concentrations of grains were not affected or even decreased by the NaCl treatments. This is likely due to the effect of Cl complexing Cd and reducing positive charge on the metal ion, an effect that is much smaller for Zn. Charge reduction or removal (CdCl2 0 species) would increase the diffusivity/lipophilicity of Cd and enhance its capability to penetrate the leaf epidermis and across membranes. Of even more significance to human health was the ability of Cl alone to penetrate leaf tissue and mobilize and enhance shoot Cd transfer to grains, yet reducing or not affecting Zn transfer