Strategi Pengembangan Perluasan Akses Lembaga Keuangan: Studi Kasus Di Provinsi Bali

Expanding nancial access is one among many ways in developing nancial sector. This study analyzed the connection of communities characteristics to the access of financial institution which can be used in establishing the accurate development strategy of financial inclusion. This study used three approaches: descriptive analysis, factorial analysis, and path analysis based on questionnaires distributed to 600 respondents across Province of Bali. The result of the study shows that the most important factor in developing financial access is quality, especially the speed of transaction. Moreover, individual quality improvement in either education or wealth stimulates the utilization of branchless banking services

Pembuatan dan Uji Efektivitas Chess Of Chemistry (Coc)sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Minat, Prestasi dan Kecepatan Berpikir Siswa dalam Pokok Bahasan Stoikiometri

Pembelajaran dibidang Kimia seringkali dianggap sulit bagi pelajar maupun mahasiswa terutama untuk bidang perhitungan kimia dan deskripsi objek yang dipelajari di kimia yang cenderung abstrak, kendala ini mesti dicari solusinya agar bidang kimia yang punya peranan penting di kehidupan dapat dipelajari dengan baik oleh pelajar ataupun mahasiswa, sehingga Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM) yang memahami kimia akan dapat termanfaatkan dengan baik demi kemajuan bangsa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dan efektivitas Chess of Chemistry (COC) sebagai Media Pembelajaran terhadap pembelajaran siswa pada pokok bahasan Stoikiometri khususnya dan perhitungan kimia pada umumnya, penelitian ini berjenis eksperimen (Experiment Research) yang melibatkan 2 kelas yang mengambil perwakilan dari kelas-kelas IPA yang dipilih berdasarkan homogenitas sebagai sampel. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah pelajar bidang IPA SMAN 8 Kota Bengkulu, pengujian efektivitas dari COC ini dilakukan dengan membandingkan rata-rata nilai dan kecepatan berpikir menggunakan tes yang singkat(dalam rentang waktu yang sempit), antara kelas yang menggunakan Chess of Chemistry (COC) dalam pembelajaran dan yang tidak, dengan membandingkan nilai rata-rata tes, waktu dan nilai rata-rata tes sebelumnya serta membandingkan nilai rata-rata kelas yang menggunakan COC dan kelas yang menggunakan metode konvensional, kesimpulan efektivitas positif diambil, jika nilai rata-rata kelas dengan metode menggunakan Chess of Chemistry (COC) > dari kelas yang menggunakan metode tanpa media Chess of Chemistry (COC)

Penerapan Analisis Regresi Logistik pada Pemakaian Alat Kontrasepsi Wanita

Pada tulisan ini akan diterapkan metode Analisis Regresi Logistik untukmengindentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pemakaian alat kontrasepsi pada wanita di desa Dolok Mariah. Model Regresi Logistik yang terbentuk adalah sebagai berikut:ln(p−1)= − 1,820 + 3,246 Umur Ibu + 2,167 Umur Anak Terakhir + 0,711 Jumlah Anak Hidup + 2,419 Pendidikan Suami (1) − 0,028 PendidikanSuami(2) − 4,865 Pendidikan Istri (1) − 2,633 Pendidikan Istri (2) − 0,971 Pendidikan Istri(3) + 0,868Jenis Pekerjaan Suami + 0,296 Jenis Pekerjaan Istri − 1,038 Rencana Kehamilan − 2,652 Penyuluhan KB.Salah satu cara yang digunakan untuk menginterpretasikan koefisien dalam regresi logistik adalah odds rasio. Dengan menggunakan odds ratio, maka variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pemakaian alat kontrasepsi adalah penyuluhan K

Ekstraksi Selulosa dari Kayu Gelam (Melaleuca Leucadendron Linn) dan Kayu Serbuk Industri Mebel

Ekstraksi selulosa dari kayu gelam (Melaleuca leucadendron Linn) dan kayu serbuk industri mebeldilakukan dengan proses maserasi menggunakan metanol dan dilanjutkan dengan pengasaman dengan asamklorida. Pengasaman dengan asam klorida dilakukan pada variasi konsentrasi 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9% dan 11%(v/v). Karakterisasi selulosa hasil ekstraksi dilakukan menggunakan spektroskopi FT-IR, penentuan kadar airdan kadar abu. Hasil penelitian yang dibandingkan dengan selulosa standar menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasiasam klorida optimum untuk ekstraksi selulosa dari kayu gelam dan kayu serbuk industri mebel adalah 5%(v/v). Kadar air masing-masing 2,35% (b/b) dan 2,74% (b/b) untuk selulosa dari kayu gelam dan kayu serbukindustri mebel. Kadar abu masing-masing yakni 1,26% (b/b) untuk selulosa dari kayu gelam dan 2,44% (b/b)untuk selulosa dari kayu serbuk serbuk industri mebel

Profit Function Analysis of Dairy Cattle Farming in Getasan and West Ungaran Districts, Semarang Regency

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of the production factors on the profit of thedairy cattle farming business in Semarang regency. The research was conducted during July-September2012. The method used was a survey method. The sampling technique used multistage random samplingmethod. The selected locations (Getasan and West Ungaran District) were deliberately selected becausethey had the highest population of dairy cattle. Respondents were dairy cattle farmers who were drawnrandomly as many as 80 respondents. The measured variables were profit, cost of forage, cost ofconcentrate, cost of labor, capital and farm experience. The data were analyzed descriptively andstatistically. Data were analyzed using the profit function Output Unit Price Cobb-Douglas. Multiplelinear regression was used in the study. The research showed that the factors of production inputssimultaneously significantly affected farmers profit (P<0.05). Forage cost, concentrate feed cost, andcapital partially affected on farmer profit (P<0.05). The average production cost was IDR1,661,827/year. The average profit was IDR 2,399,453/month. The average revenue was IDR737.625/month with an average of lactation cattle scale ownership was 2.4 head/farmer. According tothe result, dairy cattle\u27s farming in Semarang Regency was profitable

Panduan kuesioner pengumpulan data mutu pendidikan

Pedoman ini berisi mengenai kuesioner yang disusun dengan mengacu pada turunan Standar Nasional Pendidikan dalam bentuk indikator-indikator yang ditetapkan dalam peraturan dan perundangan terkait SNP

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Global economic burden of unmet surgical need for appendicitis

Background: There is a substantial gap in provision of adequate surgical care in many low-and middle-income countries. This study aimed to identify the economic burden of unmet surgical need for the common condition of appendicitis. Methods: Data on the incidence of appendicitis from 170 countries and two different approaches were used to estimate numbers of patients who do not receive surgery: as a fixed proportion of the total unmet surgical need per country (approach 1); and based on country income status (approach 2). Indirect costs with current levels of access and local quality, and those if quality were at the standards of high-income countries, were estimated. A human capital approach was applied, focusing on the economic burden resulting from premature death and absenteeism. Results: Excess mortality was 4185 per 100 000 cases of appendicitis using approach 1 and 3448 per 100 000 using approach 2. The economic burden of continuing current levels of access and local quality was US $92 492 million using approach 1 and$73 141 million using approach 2. The economic burden of not providing surgical care to the standards of high-income countries was $95 004 million using approach 1 and$75 666 million using approach 2. The largest share of these costs resulted from premature death (97.7 per cent) and lack of access (97.0 per cent) in contrast to lack of quality. Conclusion: For a comparatively non-complex emergency condition such as appendicitis, increasing access to care should be prioritized. Although improving quality of care should not be neglected, increasing provision of care at current standards could reduce societal costs substantially

Pooled analysis of who surgical safety checklist use and mortality after emergency laparotomy

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist has fostered safe practice for 10 years, yet its place in emergency surgery has not been assessed on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate reported checklist use in emergency settings and examine the relationship with perioperative mortality in patients who had emergency laparotomy. Methods: In two multinational cohort studies, adults undergoing emergency laparotomy were compared with those having elective gastrointestinal surgery. Relationships between reported checklist use and mortality were determined using multivariable logistic regression and bootstrapped simulation. Results: Of 12 296 patients included from 76 countries, 4843 underwent emergency laparotomy. After adjusting for patient and disease factors, checklist use before emergency laparotomy was more common in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI) (2455 of 2741, 89⋅6 per cent) compared with that in countries with a middle (753 of 1242, 60⋅6 per cent; odds ratio (OR) 0⋅17, 95 per cent c.i. 0⋅14 to 0⋅21, P &lt; 0⋅001) or low (363 of 860, 42⋅2 percent; OR 0⋅08, 0⋅07 to 0⋅10, P &lt; 0⋅001) HDI. Checklist use was less common in elective surgery than for emergency laparotomy in high-HDI countries (risk difference −9⋅4 (95 per cent c.i. −11⋅9 to −6⋅9) per cent; P &lt; 0⋅001), but the relationship was reversed in low-HDI countries (+12⋅1 (+7⋅0 to +17⋅3) per cent; P &lt; 0⋅001). In multivariable models, checklist use was associated with a lower 30-day perioperative mortality (OR 0⋅60, 0⋅50 to 0⋅73; P &lt; 0⋅001). The greatest absolute benefit was seen for emergency surgery in low-and middle-HDI countries. Conclusion: Checklist use in emergency laparotomy was associated with a significantly lower perioperative mortality rate. Checklist use in low-HDI countries was half that in high-HDI countries

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p<0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p<0·001). Interpretation Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication. Funding DFID-MRC-Wellcome Trust Joint Global Health Trial Development Grant, National Institute of Health Research Global Health Research Unit Grant