Zero-Group-Velocity acoustic waveguides for high-frequency resonators

The propagation of the Lamb-like modes along a silicon-on-insulator (SOI)/AlN thin supported structure was theoretically studied in order to exploit the intrinsic zero group velocity (ZGV) features to design electroacoustic resonators that do not require metal strip gratings or suspended edges to confine the acoustic energy. The ZGV resonant conditions in the SOI/AlN composite plate, i.e. the frequencies where the mode group velocity vanishes while the phase velocity remains finite, were investigated in the frequency range from few hundreds of MHz up to 1900 MHz. Some ZGV points were found that show up mostly in low-order modes. The thermal behaviour of these points was studied in the -30 to 220 {\deg}C temperature range and the temperature coefficients of the ZGV resonant frequencies (TCF) were estimated. The behaviour of the ZGV resonators operating as gas sensors was studied under the hypothesis that the surface of the device is covered with a thin polyisobutylene (PIB) film able to selectively adsorb dichloromethane (CH2Cl2), trichloromethane (CHCl3), carbontetrachloride (CCl4), tetrachloroethylene (C2Cl4), and trichloroethylene (C2HCl3). at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. The sensor sensitivity to gas concentration in air was theoretically estimated for the first four ZGV points of the inhomogeneous plate. The feasibility of high-frequency, low TCF electroacoustic micro-resonator based on SOI and piezoelectric thin film technology was demonstrated theoretically

One dimensional heavy ion beam transport: Energy independent model

Attempts are made to model the transport problem for heavy ion beams in various targets, employing the current level of understanding of the physics of high-charge and energy (HZE) particle interaction with matter are made. An energy independent transport model, with the most simplified assumptions and proper parameters is presented. The first and essential assumption in this case (energy independent transport) is the high energy characterization of the incident beam. The energy independent equation is solved and application is made to high energy neon (NE-20) and iron (FE-56) beams in water. The numerical solutions is given and compared to a numerical solution to determine the accuracy of the model. The lower limit energy for neon and iron to be high energy beams is calculated due to Barkas and Burger theory by LBLFRG computer program. The calculated values in the density range of interest (50 g/sq cm) of water are: 833.43 MeV/nuc for neon and 1597.68 MeV/nuc for iron. The analytical solutions of the energy independent transport equation gives the flux of different collision terms. The fluxes of individual collision terms are given and the total fluxes are shown in graphs relative to different thicknesses of water. The values for fluxes are calculated by the ANASTP computer code

A Hierarchy of Transport Approximations for High Energy Heavy (HZE) Ions

The transport of high energy heavy (HZE) ions through bulk materials is studied neglecting energy dependence of the nuclear cross sections. A three term perturbation expansion appears to be adequate for most practical applications for which penetration depths are less than 30 g per sq cm of material. The differential energy flux is found for monoenergetic beams and for realistic ion beam spectral distributions. An approximate formalism is given to estimate higher-order terms

Pelaksanaan Manajemen Kewirausahaan Sosial Melalui Peternakan Generasi Lestari Farm Dalam Perspektif AlQur’an

Implementation (Actuating) as one of the functions and stages of management, is often interpreted as an effort to move or carry out. In an institution, organization or company, actuating can be interpreted as moving or giving direction to theresourcesin theinstitution,whether human resources or otherresources. Mobilizinghuman resources is a process that goes through starting from human resource planning, recruitment, education and training of human resources, as well as themotivation provided by those resources. while mobilizing otherresourcesis an effortto maximize the use of existing resources or mobilize organizational elements tocarry out all planned activities. In the context of implementing this management,the author discusses social entrepreneurship carried out by Generasi Lestari Farmwhich focuses on animal husbandry, namely sheep and goats. Socialentrepreneurship is a community-based alternative that hasthe potential to perfect the development process. combining innovative ideas for social change, carried out by applying business strategies and skills. And of course seeing how the social entrepreneurship journey process contains Islamic values as in the verses of theKoran which provide direction to Muslims to carry out a business or buying and selling (livestock) that is halal and good.&nbsp

Kajian Motivasi Tematik Perspektif Al Quran

This study aims to describe how the study of thematic motivation of the Qur'an, The data collection technique is using library research or library study research with data collection techniques carried out by examining literature, documents, and other sources of information related to the topic of researchers. The results of this study Motivation in the perspective of the Qur'an has a very strong foundation, where all forms of encouragement and human intentions to take an action must be based on the pleasure of Allah. In Islamic teachings, true motivation is not only to pursue worldly success, but also to achieve happiness and safety in the hereafter. The Qur'an emphasizes the importance of sincerity in every action, as reflected in verses that motivate humans to do good and be pious. Keywords: Al Quran, Motivation, Thematic Interpretation

Endowment libraries in the Ottoman empire the library of sheikh ul-islam Mustafa Asher Afandi as a model

إن لشخصية الوقف المعنوية مكانة عظيمة في الخلافة العثمانية حيث ازدهرت الأوقاف و مؤسساتها فى هذه الدولة العظيمة إلى درجة أقرب للخيال ووصلت إمكانياتها في هذا العصر إلى مستوى رفيع لم تر الأوقاف نظيراً له في عصور التاريخ الإسلامي، وكان الوقف جزءاً لا يتجزأ، في كل جوانب الحياة والمعيشة، وعلى هذا الأساس إن الأوقاف تمتعت بمكانة رفيعة ومرموقة لدى الدولة العثمانية، وأصبحت جزءاً أساسياً من حضارتها وباختصار،لم تترك الأوقاف لدى الدولة العثمانية، ميداناً من الميادين الاجتماعية، ولا أرضاً من الأراضي العثمانية، إلا ودخلتها وقدمت الخدمات لأهلها، في كل جوانب الحياة لأدق تفاصيلها، وإن المكتبات الوقفية بعددها الكبير جزءٌ مهم من هذه الأوقاف الموروثة من الدولة العثمانية العظيمة، حيث خدمت على مر العصور بكل سخاء وعطاء، وما زالت تخدم العلم والمعرفة والثقافة بكل أصنافِها، كُلَّ فئات المجتمع من غير تفكيك ولا تعصب، واستمرّت خدماتها من غير خلل أو تقصير، حتى في فترات المِحَن والأزمات الداخلية والخارجية للدولة، حيث أسست مدارس ومكتبات لا عد لها ولا حصر، والكل كان يتنافس في جمع الكتب وتأسيس المكتبات وتقديم الخدمات فيها للعلماء والطلاب والقراء بكل شغف وحب، وفي ذلك كانوا يتنافسون بداية من الخليفة والسلطان إلى عامة الناس، القادرين على الوقف ولو بشكل بسيط. وفي هذا الإطار تأتي هذه الدراسة للوقوف على "المكتبات الوقفية في الدولة العثمانية" مع ذكر أنواعها وخدماتها ومحتوياتها بقدر تحمل حجم الدراسة.The moral value of endowments had a great status in the Ottoman Caliphate, where the endowments and their institutions flourished in that era to a degree beyond imagination, and its capabilities reached a level that the endowments had not seen during the ages of Islamic history. The endowment was an indivisible part in all aspects of life and livelihood, and on that basis, it enjoyed a high and prestigious position in the Ottoman Empire and became an essential part of its civilization. The endowment libraries in their large numbers are valuable inheritance from the great Ottoman Empire, as they have served throughout the ages with generosity and are still serving science, knowledge and culture, and the society without discrimination or intolerance, and it continued its services without defect or shortcoming. Even during periods of internal and external ordeals and crises of the state, countless schools and libraries were founded, and everyone were competing in collecting books, establishing libraries, and providing services. It facilitated to engage scholars, students and readers with all passion and love, and in that they were competing from the caliph and the Sultan to the common people to contribute to the endowments as much as possible. In this context, this research aims to find out about the "endowment libraries in the Ottoman Empire" with a focus of their types, services and contents, to the extent that the capacity of this research allows.Özetle osmanlı devletinde vakıflar sosyal hayatın her alanına devletin bütün sınırları içerisinde yayılmış ve bu yerlerde nüfusun ve toplulukların yaşam ve hayatlarının en ince detaylarına kadar dokunmuş hizmet vermiştir

Zero group velocity Lamb waves in diamond/AlN-based layered structures

The propagation of the Lamb-like modes along a diamond/AlN thin supported structure was simulated in order to exploit the intrinsic zero group velocity (ZGV) features to design high frequency electroacoustic resonators. As the ZGV points are associated with an intrinsic energy localization under the metal electrodes, acoustic micro-resonators can be designed that employ only one interdigital transducer (IDT) and no reflectors, thus reducing both the device size and technological complexity. The ZGV resonant conditions in the diamond/AlN composite plate, i.e., the frequencies where the mode group velocity vanishes while the phase velocity remains finite, were investigated in the frequency range from few hundreds of MHz up to 3500 MHz. Thin film bulk acoustic resonators (TFBARs) based on c-AlN and on 45° c-axis tilted AlN film on diamond suspended membrane were simulated that operate in longitudinal and shear mode: the former is a thickness-extensional mode, while the latter is a thickness-in plane-shear mode that is suitable for liquid sensing applications. A smart structure based on diamond/AlN composite suspended membrane was modelled that provides several integrated functions including sensing in gaseous and liquid environment, and stable frequency source

Effects of Adolescent Cannabis and Alcohol Co-Use on Reward, Mood and Cognition

Cannabis and alcohol co-use is prevalent in adolescence but its long-term effects on cognition and reward-related behaviours remain largely unexplored. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of adolescent alcohol and Δ9-tetrahydracannabinol (THC) vapour co-exposure on cognitive- and reward-related behaviours. Male adolescent Sprague-Dawley rats received vapourized THC (10mg/pad) or vehicle every other day and had continuous voluntary access to alcohol (10% volume/volume) to assess the effects of THC on alcohol consumption. In adulthood, rats underwent behavioural testing. Adolescent rats showed higher alcohol preference in the two-bottle choice test, on days on which they were not exposed to THC vapour. In adulthood, rats treated with alcohol as adolescents exhibited short-term memory deficits and decreased alcohol preference; while rats exposed to THC vapour showed learning impairments. Our results indicate that although adolescent THC acutely affects alcohol drinking, adolescent alcohol and cannabis co-use may not produce long-term additive effects