Precarious Recovery: Ohio's Final Jobs Report for 2012 Shows Decline in Unemployment, but Also in Jobs, Labor Force

There was mixed news for Ohio's job market as 2012 ended, but two surveys released by the Ohio Department of Job and Family Services (ODJFS) showed the precarious state of the economic recovery. The unemployment rate continued to decline in December, but Ohio saw a drop in the labor force and another decline in the number of jobs

Ohio Job Data Send a Mixed Message

Data from two separate surveys released by the Ohio Department of Job and Family Services (ODJFS) today present a mixed message on the state job market in September

Employment Connection: Demand-Driven Model Increases Job Placement

In this report, we examine the transition to a demand-facing, employer-driven model that focuses on the transition impact to the adult and dislocated worker populations served by the Workforce Investment Act. By looking beyond the Workforce Investment Act common measures, we found that the number exiting the program to employment increased five-fold. Even as more people exit the program, a higher percentage of exiters are being placed in jobs. These are surprisingly strong results in a still-troubled regional economy

Trade Adjustment Assistance in Ohio

The federal Trade Adjustment Assistance (TAA) program was established to mitigate the economic and personal harm caused by trade-related job loss. During the 2007 recession, Ohio saw record numbers of workers become eligible for the program. In 2011, the second year of the recovery, the number of petitions certified under the program and the number of impacted workers has sharply declined.Eligibility requirements and benefits have varied since the program's enactment in 1974. TAA has generally provided subsidized training, a refundable tax credit for health coverage, case management and some income support to eligible workers who exhaust unemployment insurance benefits. TAA provides more comprehensive support than unemployment compensation and is available for a longer period of time, going beyond even the 99 weeks of unemployment compensation that was available under federal extended UC benefits until earlier this year.Key findingsTAA petitions and certifications, fell in 2011. The number of impacted workers dropped more than 78 percent.Most 2011 petitions cited outsourcing as the cause for TAA coverage.The service sector, which won't be eligible if current TAA rules are allowed to lapse in 2013, accounted for nearly 40 percent of certifications for outsourcing.More than a quarter of all 2011 certifications would be ineligibl

Solubility measurement of poorly soluble drugs in fasted state simulated intestinal fluid

Adequatedrug solubility in the gastrointestinal tract is essential for systemic therapyof orally administered medications. To carry out research on the solubility ofpoorly soluble drugs in vitro, simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) is usedin place of human intestinal fluid (HIF). However, typical SIF reflects averagecompositions of HIF rather than the full range of compositions previouslyreported. This study examines a new suite of SIF media (based on variabilityobserved in HIF) to explore the range of solubility of four poorly soluble drugs(Naproxen, Indomethacin, Phenytoin and Tadalafil) in the fasted state

Study of in vitro poorly soluble drug solubility into fasted state simulated intestinal fluid reflective of in vivo gastrointestinal variability

Solubility and dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies of three poorly soluble drugs (naproxen, indomethacin and phenytoin) in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) were carried out in order to calculate the number of drug molecules per micelle based on the assumption of monodisperse spherical micelles. As the total amphiphile concentration increased in the SIF the solubility of the drug also increased. The size of the micelles formed decreased with increasing amphiphile concentration in combination with drug and the number of drug molecules per micelle decreased. Further work is planned to provide more information of the particle size and geometry of the drug loaded micelles

A novel simulated media system for in vitro evaluation of bioequivalent intestinal drug solubility

Orally administered solid drug must dissolve in the gastrointestinal tract before absorption to provide a systemic response. Intestinal solubility is therefore crucial but difficult to measure since human intestinal fluid (HIF) is challenging to obtain, varies between fasted (Fa) and fed (Fe) states and exhibits inter and intra subject variability. A single simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) cannot reflect HIF variability, therefore current approaches are not optimal. In this study we have compared literature Fa/FeHIF drug solubilities to values measured in a novel in vitro simulated nine media system for either the fasted (Fa9SIF) or fed (Fe9SIF) state. The manuscript contains 129 literature sampled human intestinal fluid equilibrium solubility values and 387 simulated intestinal fluid equilibrium solubility values. Statistical comparison does not detect a difference (Fa/Fe9SIF vs Fa/FeHIF), a novel solubility correlation window enclosed 95% of an additional literature Fa/FeHIF data set and solubility behaviour is consistent with previous physicochemical studies. The Fa/Fe9SIF system therefore represents a novel in vitro methodology for bioequivalent intestinal solubility determination. Combined with intestinal permeability this provides an improved, population based, biopharmaceutical assessment that guides formulation development and indicates the presence of food based solubility effects. This transforms predictive ability during drug discovery and development and may represent a methodology applicable to other multicomponent fluids where no single component is responsible for performance

Implementation of child-centred outcome measures in routine paediatric healthcare practice: a systematic review

Background: Person-centred outcome measures (PCOMs) are commonly used in routine adult healthcare to measure and improve outcomes, but less attention has been paid to PCOMs in children’s services. The aim of this systematic review is to identify and synthesise existing evidence of the determinants, strategies, and mechanisms that influence the implementation of PCOMs into paediatric healthcare practice. Methods: The review was conducted and reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Databased searched included CINAHL, Embase, Medline, and PsycInfo. Google scholar was also searched for grey literature on 25th March 2022. Studies were included if the setting was a children’s healthcare service, investigating the implementation or use of an outcome measure or screening tool in healthcare practice, and reported outcomes relating to use of a measure. Data were tabulated and thematically analysed through deductive coding to the constructs of the adapted-Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Results were presented as a narrative synthesis, and a logic model developed. Results: We retained 69 studies, conducted across primary (n = 14), secondary (n = 13), tertiary (n = 37), and community (n = 8) healthcare settings, including both child self-report (n = 46) and parent-proxy (n = 47) measures. The most frequently reported barriers to measure implementation included staff lack of knowledge about how the measure may improve care and outcomes; the complexity of using and implementing the measure; and a lack of resources to support implementation and its continued use including funding and staff. The most frequently reported facilitators of implementation and continued use include educating and training staff and families on: how to implement and use the measure; the advantages of using PCOMs over current practice; and the benefit their use has on patient care and outcomes. The resulting logic model presents the mechanisms through which strategies can reduce the barriers to implementation and support the use of PCOMs in practice. Conclusions: These findings can be used to support the development of context-specific implementation plans through a combination of existing strategies. This will enable the implementation of PCOMs into routine paediatric healthcare practice to empower settings to better identify and improve child-centred outcomes. Trial registration: Prospero CRD 42022330013

Quality by digital design to accelerate sustainable medicines development

We present a shared industry-academic perspective on the principles and opportunities for Quality by Digital Design (QbDD) as a framework to accelerate medicines development and enable regulatory innovation for new medicines approvals. This approach exploits emerging capabilities in industrial digital technologies to achieve robust control strategies assuring product quality and patient safety whilst reducing development time/costs, improving research and development efficiency, embedding sustainability into new products and processes, and promoting supply chain resilience. Key QbDD drivers include the opportunity for new scientific understanding and advanced simulation and model-driven, automated experimental approaches. QbDD accelerates the identification and exploration of more robust design spaces. Opportunities to optimise multiple objectives emerge in route selection, manufacturability and sustainability whilst assuring product quality. Challenges to QbDD adoption include siloed data and information sources across development stages, gaps in predictive capabilities, and the current extensive reliance on empirical knowledge and judgement. These challenges can be addressed via QbDD workflows; model-driven experimental design to collect and structure findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable (FAIR) data; and chemistry, manufacturing and control ontologies for shareable and reusable knowledge. Additionally, improved product, process, and performance predictive tools must be developed and exploited to provide a holistic end-to-end development approach

Improved annotation of the insect vector of citrus greening disease: Biocuration by a diverse genomics community

The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama) is the insect vector of the bacterium Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), the pathogen associated with citrus Huanglongbing (HLB, citrus greening). HLB threatens citrus production worldwide. Suppression or reduction of the insect vector using chemical insecticides has been the primary method to inhibit the spread of citrus greening disease. Accurate structural and functional annotation of the Asian citrus psyllid genome, as well as a clear understanding of the interactions between the insect and CLas, are required for development of new molecular-based HLB control methods. A draft assembly of the D. citri genome has been generated and annotated with automated pipelines. However, knowledge transfer from well-curated reference genomes such as that of Drosophila melanogaster to newly sequenced ones is challenging due to the complexity and diversity of insect genomes. To identify and improve gene models as potential targets for pest control, we manually curated several gene families with a focus on genes that have key functional roles in D. citri biology and CLas interactions. This community effort produced 530 manually curated gene models across developmental, physiological, RNAi regulatory and immunity-related pathways. As previously shown in the pea aphid, RNAi machinery genes putatively involved in the microRNA pathway have been specifically duplicated. A comprehensive transcriptome enabled us to identify a number of gene families that are either missing or misassembled in the draft genome. In order to develop biocuration as a training experience, we included undergraduate and graduate students from multiple institutions, as well as experienced annotators from the insect genomics research community. The resulting gene set (OGS v1.0) combines both automatically predicted and manually curated gene models.Peer reviewedBiochemistry and Molecular BiologyEntomology and Plant Patholog